Psychology!

1. What is Psychoanalysis &
Humanistic Behavior?
Ch. 17 Section 2
Can I psychoanalyze you?
*Among dozens of types of
Psychotherapy, we will look
at only the most influential

2. I.Psychoanalysis
 Based on the theories of Sigmund Freud
 *He believed that *Psychological Disturbances are
due to anxiety caused by hidden conflicts amount the
unconscious components of one’s personality.
 Psychoanalysis is therapy aimed at making
patients aware of their unconscious motives-
so they can gain control over their behavior.
 *Do we know the difference between
consciousness and unconsciousness?
 Iceberg example
 Therapist are called psychoanalyst

3. I. Psychoanalyst
 *They believe that if a
patients can understand their
unconscious motives, then
have taken the FIRST step
toward gaining control over
their behavior and free
themselves of their
problems--- this
understanding is called
INSIGHT- or sudden
realization of the solution to a
problem.
 *Few clinicians practice therapy as Freud
did today, but his terminology has crept

4. I. Slow Procedure
 May take years of
50 min sessions
several times a
week-before
fundamental
changes

5. Three Different Types or ways to
Psychoanalyze a Client
 A. Free Association
 B. Dream Analysis
 C. Transference

6. A. Free Association
 This is when the Therapist tells the
patient to relax and talk about
everything that comes to mind.
 *The patient may consider some passing
thoughts too unimportant, or too
embarrassing to mention- but
everything needs to be expressed!
 *It sounds easy, but soon you notice how
often you edit your thoughts as you speak-
omitting things.

7. *As the Patient lies on the couch, he or
she might describe dreams, discuss
private thoughts, or recall long
forgotten experiences
* The whole goal of Free
Association is to unearth
the past in hope of
unmaking the present.

8. i. Resistance:
 The reluctance of a patient either to reveal
painful feelings or to examine longstanding
behavior patterns.
 *difficult to reveal painful things
 Sometimes your mind goes blank
 By analyzing and uncovering the
resistances- both the therapist & patient
can understand the source of anxieties- and
how the patient deals.
 Or maybe uncover something the patient is
defending or hiding

9. B. Dream Analysis
 Where the Psychoanalyst interprets the
clients dreams
 Freud believes that dreams express
unconscious thoughts & feelings
 Latent Content: hidden meaning
represented symbolically in the dream
 *Little evidence linking dreams to real life
problems

10. C. Transference
 Where the analyst begins to appear in
the patient’s associations & Dreams
 The patients is beginning to feel
toward the analyst the way he or she
feels towards some other important
figure in their life.
 *By understanding Transference, the
patient becomes aware of hidden
feelings and motivations

11. Remember:
 The role of Psychoanalysis is to show the role
of the unconscious and provide insight for the
client.
 *Its not for everyone- Requires an average of
600 sessions
 $100 a hour, 3 sessions a week- cost of $30,000 yr
 *People who loose touch with reality-for
instance, a person suffering from
schizophrenia- will not benefit from
psychoanalysis

12. II. Humanistic Therapy
 Goal: Help people fulfill their human
potential
 By 1. Personal Responsibility 2. Freedom
of Choice 3. Authentic Relationships
 *Given rise to several approaches to
psychotherapy-
 Known collectively as Client- Centered
Therapy

13. Client- Centered Therapy
 Based on theories of Carl Rogers
 Depends on the person’s own
motivation toward growth.
 *All about words you used with the
Client! (Don’t say patient)
 Assumes that people are basically
good & can handle their own lives
 Psychological Problems Arise when the
true self becomes lost

15. Techniques of Client- Centered
Therapy
 Nondirective Therapy-
client speaks freely about
any troubling matters
 Active Listening- echo
back the possible feelings
the client has expressed
 ALL Of this happens in an
atmosphere of emotional
support Rogers calls-
Unconditional Positive
Regard