Striving for Environmental Excellence

The Human Ecological Footprint (1961-2003) Number of planet Earths

1 billion in 1800 4 billion in 1975 2 billion in 1920 6.5 billion in 2005 World Population (billions) Source: UN Population Division 2004; Lee, 2003; Population Reference Bureau

WORLD MAP OF RELATIVE ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT

The World’s Priorities Advertising UNDP Human Development Report 1998 $435 billion Basic education in the USA $6 billion Beauty products in the USA $8 billion Ice cream in the USA $11 billion Water & sanitation in the USA $9 billion Basic health care in the USA $13 billion Pet food in the USA $17 billion

Regulating Benefits obtained from regulation of ecosystem processes Unique Ecosystem Services Cultural Non-material benefits from ecosystems Provisioning Goods produced or provided by ecosystems Photo credits (left to right, top to bottom): Purdue University, WomenAid.org, LSUP, NASA, unknown, CEH Wallingford, unknown, W. Reid, Staffan Widstrand

Regulating

Benefits obtained from regulation of ecosystem processes

Cultural

Non-material benefits from ecosystems

Provisioning

Goods produced or provided by ecosystems

The Balance Sheet Crops Livestock Aquaculture Carbon sequestration Capture fisheries Wild foods Wood fuel Genetic resources Biochemicals Fresh Water Air quality regulation Regional & local climate regulation Erosion regulation Water purification Pest regulation Pollination Natural Hazard regulation Spiritual & religious Aesthetic values Timber Fiber Water regulation Disease regulation Recreation & ecotourism Enhanced Degraded Mixed Bottom Line: 60% of Ecosystem Services are Degraded

Ecological Footprint By Component, 1961-2003 Billion 2003 global hectares Built-up land Nuclear energy CO 2 from fossil fuels Fishing ground Forest Grazing land Cropland

Energy intensity of economy per unit GDP (in 2004) Energy intensity (MJ/US$) Japan 5 United Kingdom 6 Italy 7 Germany 7 France 8 United States 9 Mexico 11 Brazil 13 Canada 14 China 36 South Africa 36 India 41 Russia 82 Worldwide average 13

Climate change 2000 2040

Climate change

“ Millions at Risk” MILLIONS AT RISK

There is …………. HOPE We can cope with projected doubling of global energy demand We can harness known resources and proven technologies We can reduce climate-threatening emissions by 60-80%

We can cope with projected doubling of global energy demand

We can harness known resources and proven technologies

We can reduce climate-threatening emissions by 60-80%

Output of Climate Solutions Model

Potential for Energy Savings in South Africa (by 2030) Transport Sector 47 % 46 % Buildings Fossil-fuel power generation 20 % www.wwf.org.za/hero

We CAN if we establish a culture of environmental responsibility among business and industry

We CAN if we

establish a culture of environmental

responsibility

among business and industry

Why emphasize business? Top 200 corporations generate 1/3 of global economic activity, and their combined sales are BIGGER than combined economies of all countries excluding the biggest 10

Top 200 corporations generate 1/3 of global economic activity, and

their combined sales are BIGGER than combined economies of all countries excluding the biggest 10

Earth’s Life-support System Human Societies Economies Triple-bottom line view of Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development Earth’s Life-support System Human Societies Economies

Sustainable Development

Evolutionary History of Corporate Responsibility Not My Business Reducing Impact Zero Impact Net Positive Impact Selling Solutions to the World’s problems Philanthropy to Offset Impacts Compliance And Beyond Risk Mgmt & Cost Efficiencies

The “Green Choice” Alliance Promoting Responsible Production

AWARENESS LEVEL SECTOR SIZE (no. of individuals) Consumer Awareness Campaigns ‘ Voluntary’ Procurement Commitments Eco-labelling/ Procurement Advice ‘ Voluntary’ Producer Commitments Producer Products Retailers Restaurants Supermarkets Consumers Market Mechanisms

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Policy implications CO 2 Timber, fish, meat, crops OR Transport, housing, commodities, services

INCREASING DEBT !!

THREE SCENARIOS

TODAY’S DECISIONS DETERMINE THE FUTURE

“ We have an opportunity for greatness which has never been offered to any civilisation, any generation in human history, to act as a generation to do the right thing . If we fail to act on it, we will become the most vilified generation in human history” Dr Roger Payne President, Ocean Alliance

“ We have an opportunity for greatness which has never been offered to any civilisation, any generation in human history, to act as a generation to do the right thing .