1. Presented by: Annie Dan Cheng; Kelly Li Yin; Wenping Liang; Xiangxian Zhou;
Shiwen Lin; Rong Han; Chen Ouyang

2. 1. Introduction- Annie Cheng
2. Questions and findings- Kelly Li Yin, Wenping
Liang, Xiangxian Zhou, Shiwen Lin, Rong Han, and Chen
Ouyang
3. Action plan and follow up plan-Ouyang Chen
4. Presentation of face book page- Kelly Li
5. Question?

3.  According to WHO, Food Insecurity means:
“When all people at all times don’t have
reliable access to sufficient, safe, nutritious
food to maintain a healthy and active
life”.(WHO, Food insecurity)
 Our group has identified that the issue of
household food insecurity among Aboriginal
families caused by poverty in Toronto as our
advocacy project.

4.  Statistics and Reports:
Government:
According to Health Canada: “Among off-reserve
Aboriginal households, approximately one in five (20.9%)
households was food insecure, including 8.4% with severe
food insecurity. These rates are approximately three
times higher than among non-Aboriginal households
where 7.2% were food insecure, including 2.5% with
severe food insecurity. ”(Health Canada, 2012, Aboriginal
status)
Organizations:
A recent report published by PROOF in 2014, stating that
Aboriginal families experience higher rate of food
insecurity in Canada. 28.2% of aboriginal families suffer
inadequate food in comparing to 12.6% in Canada
overall. (PROFF, 2014) Resource of chart: Health Canada,
Household food insecurity in Canada by
selected socio-demographic
characteristics, 2007-2008)

5.  How Aboriginal Population is Distributed
 Reasons for Moving to Toronto
 Satisfaction of Life
 Conclusion

6.  2006 Census
 1,172,785 in Canada, 3.8% of the whole
 In Canada, majority is North America Indian
 Ontario has largest aboriginal group, 20.7% of all Canadian
 In GTA, children & youth in aboriginal ＞ in non-aboriginal
 Aboriginal women ＞ aboriginal men
 70,000 in city of Toronto

7.  Urban Aboriginal Peoples Study Toronto
Report
 Top Reasons for Moving to Toronto
 42% aboriginals employment
 38% education
 37% close to families
 40% city life, leave from family troubles,
job promotion
Reasons for Moving to Toronto

8.  Urban Aboriginal Peoples Study Toronto
Report
 Like Living in Toronto
 67% like- services, agencies, institutions;
- entertainment
- social acceptance
 11% not like- pollution, living space, traffic,
living cost, vegetation

9. • basic statistic understanding
• population of women & children＞non-
aboriginals
• expensive living cost
• donate food
• facebook

10. This is what I found out
from my research:
 First Nations children
under 6 years of age were
more than three times as
likely to be raised by young
parents between the ages of
15 and 24 years old than
other Canadians.
 They were also more
than three times more likely
to live with a single parent
as compared to other
Canadian children.

11.  They were more likely
to have larger families
than other Canadians.
 Young average age
of new mothers and
their increased
likelihood to be single
parents.
 Young single
parent face challenges
related to education
and employment

12.  One in FOUR Aboriginal
children in Canada is
growing up in poverty.
 31% of Aboriginal
children aged fourteen
and under lived with a
single parent.
 Children with single
parent most like to live
in low incomes families
and are more likely to
be unable to purchase
healthy food.

13.  More than half of First Nations children are either
overweight or obese and are at risk of developing
diabetes, heart disease and other conditions as they
get older.
 In 2004, the rate of obesity among First Nations
children under 12 years of age was more than four
times the Canadian rate. Communities have seen
increases in type 2 diabetes in children.

14.  Hungry children are more likely to get colds and viruses,
to have a compromised immune system, to have anemia,
sore stomachs and headaches.
 Food insecurity is linked to a number of mental health
issues including low self-esteem, inability to
concentrate, shame, moodiness and behavioral
problems.
 Suffering hunger is also linked to lack of success in
school. One key informant reported that about half of
hunger children have early literacy and speech delay
issues as well as behavioral issues.

15. Food insecurity in Aboriginal child family is
not just one community’s matter; it is our
social issue because there is still a very high
population rate of Aboriginal people whom
lives in Canada. These people’s well-being
yet will impact on our society’s
development.

16.  When does the issue start
 How the issue work on First Nations
 Where does those happen
 What policies include in it
 How does agencies works on Manitoba
 How does the policy and legislation affect
the action plan

17.  Start at 1970s
 The first formal agreement that
government’s provision of child and family
service
 First agency in Manitoba
 It ran by First Nation and Indian and funded,
by Northern Affairs Canada
 The lack of policy for household and well-
being for safety of children

18.  In Manitoba
 Four agencies provides full service: placing
household, finding job, solving family issue,
providing foods and security
 The legislation is necessary for regulate the First
Nations child and family service provider.
 75% of the aboriginal child and family supported by
government regulation service provider
 83% in Ontario, 98% in Manitoba

19. only providing food or money are not enough for
these First Nation child and family
-needs for helping First Nations child and family
has to be developed in the professional and
official standard
-using social support to gain more focus to food
and security of aboriginal people

21. City of Toronto: Aboriginal Nutrition program
Based on the Ontario government funds ,it
provides "Aboriginal children and families
living on and off reserves nutrition and healthy
lifestyle education and counseling, food and
menu ?
Ontario Federation of Indian friendship centre
Vision: Improve the quality of life for
Aboriginal http://www.ofifc.org/
Sarnia-Lambton Food Coalition
http://www.sarnialambtonfoodcoalition.com/

22.  Location
156 Galloway Road, Toronto ON M1E 1X2
MAP
 Telephone: 416.286.9449 · Fax:
416.286.9925

23. Community kitchen program
 For family with infants 0-6 months.
 Participants will learn traditional teachings
and learn to cook cost effective nutrition
meals
 Create their own recipe booklet.

24. Meal and nutrition program
 Nutrition meals provided daily.
 On Monday Culture night come out and
volunteer to help prepare the food for
community

25. Get all stakeholders involved
 Children
 Family
 Aboriginal community
 Governments
Our group member working on the issue and
find some possible solutions to solve the
issue

26.  Letter to the agency – Scarborough Child &
Family Life Centre
-- identify and address the issue of household food
insecurity among aboriginal families
-- make an appointment to visit the centre
 Create a Facebook page
-- define the issue, post statistics and relevant report about
the issue from authorities
--intended to address the issue and raise public’s
awareness
-- use multimedia artifact to grab public’s attention and
gain their support
Link to our Facebook page:
https://www.facebook.com/aboriginalchildren

27. Agency visiting: Native Child and Family
Services of Toronto

29. Make sure every child has breakfast;
Everyone can make difference!

30. By 2015 the city of Toronto will make sure
the right of Aboriginal children to have
adequate and healthy breakfast is fulfilled
every day.

31. Will participate in national Aboriginal
nutrition program – Canadian Feed The
children
 Make a visit
 Find out what we can do to better help
 Support the national Aboriginal nutrition
program

33. BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Common menu bar links. (2012, July 25). Household Food Insecurity in Canada in 2007-2008: Key Statistics and Graphics. Retrieved March 6, 2014, from
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/surveill/nutrition/commun/insecurit/key-stats-cles-2007-2008-eng.php
JUST RELEASED: Household Food Insecurity in Canada, 2012. (n.d.). PROOF. Retrieved March 6, 2014, from http://nutritionalsciences.lamp.utoronto.ca/just-
released-household-food-insecurity-in-canada-2012/
City of Toronto. (1998-2013). Toronto's Racial Diversity. From http://www.toronto.ca/toronto_facts/diversity.htm
Environics Institute. (2010). Urban Aboriginal Peoples Study Toronto Report. From http://www.uaps.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/UAPS-Toronto-report.pdf
http://previous.presstv.ir/photo/20130621/reportint20130621093947030.jpg
http://shambhalatimes.org/files/2013/03/Saskatchewan_First_Nations_Children_at_Wanuskewin_Heritage_Park_staring_into_camera.jpg
http://frenchletters.wordpress.com/2007/11/13/french-junk-food/
http://www.domybooks.ie/2011/02/cheap-accountants/
http://livingvegan.blogspot.ca/2009/04/fast-food-list.html
Social determination of health, 2009. The Nutrition Habits of Métis Children and Youth Canada: a Preliminary Examination. Retrieve from:
http://nccah.netedit.info/docs/fact%20sheets/child%20and%20youth/Nutritional%20Habits%20Metis%20Children,%20%20Youth%20%
8English%29.pdf
Ontario Federation of Indian Friendship Centers. (2003). Child hunger and food insecurity among urban Aboriginal families
Why am I poor? 2012. First Nation Children Toronto, Ontario. Retrieved from http://www.beststart.org/resources/anti_poverty/pdf/WhyAmIPoor.pdf
Departmental Audit and Evaluation Branch, March 2007, Evaluation of the First Nations Child and Family Services Program
From http://www.aadncaandc.gc.ca/eng/1332357041519/1332357117051#sec3
Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada, Modified in 2013-11-14, Backgrounder: First Nation Child and Family Services Information Management
System From http://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1384451489158/1384451533138