Of Tomcat s and JBoss es

What’s in store… Getting started Configuring Tomcat Web application deployment Integrating with Apache Tomcat security Configuration files JBoss 4.2 server structure JBoss server profiles Deploying in a JBoss server … ..

Getting started

Configuring Tomcat

Web application deployment

Integrating with Apache

Tomcat security

Configuration files

JBoss 4.2 server structure

JBoss server profiles

Deploying in a JBoss server

… ..

O R I G I N S In 1999 Sun donated its servlet container to Apache S/w Foundation Combined with the Apache web-server A new servlet and JSP specification leads to a new Tomcat version 2001 - Tomcat Catalina, fully-redesigned, is released. Version 4.x 1999 – JBoss server released Both are available as open-source

In 1999 Sun donated its servlet container to Apache S/w Foundation

Combined with the Apache web-server

A new servlet and JSP specification leads to a new Tomcat version

2001 - Tomcat Catalina, fully-redesigned, is released. Version 4.x

1999 – JBoss server released

Both are available as open-source

Tomcat – A Bird’s View Servlet containers handle requests for service by… Creating a request object and populating it with appropriate information Creating a response object that can be used to produce the response to the requester Calling a service method to translate the request object data to the response object

Servlet containers handle requests for service by…

Creating a request object and populating it with appropriate information

Creating a response object that can be used to produce the response to the requester

Calling a service method to translate the request object data to the response object

Tomcat - F R A M E W O R K Tomcat - Server AJP Connector 8080 SSL Connector 8080 Coyote Connector 8080 Service Engine – Catalina Host Context Servlet JSP Logger Valve Valve Valve Realm

Tomcat - F R A M E W O R K Consists of Components Containers – components which contain other components Nested components – components which can’t contain other components Server an instance of Tomcat web application server Service manages connectors between client and server components Connectors represent points at which requests are received and assigned to a port Engine represents Catalina Servlet engine Examines HTTP headers and determines contexts Over-ridden when Tomcat is part of other Web/App server Realm manages authentication and authorisation Valves intercept requests and do pre-processing. Eg. – Single sign-on

Consists of Components

Containers – components which contain other components

Nested components – components which can’t contain other components

Server an instance of Tomcat web application server

Service manages connectors between client and server components

Connectors represent points at which requests are received and assigned to a port

Engine represents Catalina Servlet engine

Examines HTTP headers and determines contexts

Over-ridden when Tomcat is part of other Web/App server

Realm manages authentication and authorisation

Valves intercept requests and do pre-processing. Eg. – Single sign-on

Tomcat - F R A M E W O R K So basically … Tomcat is the web server Catalina is the servlet container in Tomcat Catalina has two main modules: A connector to connect the request to the container. It constructs the request object and the response object. A container, which actually services the request.

So basically …

Tomcat is the web server

Catalina is the servlet container in Tomcat

Catalina has two main modules:

A connector to connect the request to the container. It constructs the request object and the response object.

A container, which actually services the request.

Getting S T A R T E D with Tomcat http://tomcat.apache.org/download-xx.cgi xx – major version + minor version Best to download the ZIP archive Running Tomcat bin/startup.[bat/sh] Stopping Tomcat bin/shutdown.[bat/sh]

http://tomcat.apache.org/download-xx.cgi

xx – major version + minor version

Best to download the ZIP archive

Running Tomcat

bin/startup.[bat/sh]

Stopping Tomcat

bin/shutdown.[bat/sh]

C O N F I G U R I N G Tomcat conf/server.xml – the starting point Change all ports – HTTP(S), Shutdown, AJP Web application security – users, passwords & roles managed by Realm Using with another web server like Apache Specifying JNDI resources in Engine Enable access logs bin/catalina.bat – specifying JVM parameters and arguments conf/web.xml – default options for all web applications

conf/server.xml – the starting point

Change all ports – HTTP(S), Shutdown, AJP

Web application security – users, passwords & roles managed by Realm

Using with another web server like Apache

Specifying JNDI resources in Engine

Enable access logs

bin/catalina.bat – specifying JVM parameters and arguments

conf/web.xml – default options for all web applications

A H – H A H Moment So, Why can’t you run multiple Tomcats on the same machine? What if have to ?

So, Why can’t you run multiple Tomcats on the same machine? What if have to ?

Tomcat A D M I N Host-manager web application should be deployed Roles, usernames and passwords present in conf/tomact-users.xml Access http://localhost:8080 and click on Manager Deployment of web applications can be done remotely

Host-manager web application should be deployed

Roles, usernames and passwords present in conf/tomact-users.xml

Access http://localhost:8080 and click on Manager

Deployment of web applications can be done remotely

D E P L O Y I N G Web Application Can be done manually or automagically Not to forget – through Eclipse ! Manual – place the *.war file within the ‘ webapps ’ folder Automagic – use the Admin console to deploy the *.war Eclipse – add new server, deploy application onto server

Can be done manually or automagically

Not to forget – through Eclipse !

Manual – place the *.war file within the ‘ webapps ’ folder

Automagic – use the Admin console to deploy the *.war

Eclipse – add new server, deploy application onto server

Web Application Layout sample_webapp/ xxx.html yyy.jsp zzz.other resources WEB-INF/ web.xml classes/ Java class files lib/ jars and zips of class files

sample_webapp/

xxx.html

yyy.jsp

zzz.other resources

WEB-INF/

web.xml

classes/

Java class files

lib/

jars and zips of class files

L O A D B A L A N C I N G Tomcat Tomcat Tomcat Tomcat R E Q U E S T S Apache Web Server Tomcat Cluster

L O A D B A L A N C I N G Deploy particular web application on Tomcats Tomcats behind Apache web server Apache web server – httpd.conf – load Tomcat application Create worker.properties file Each worker should point to IP & port of particular Tomcat machine Tomcat servers – Modify server.xml – add ‘jvmRoute’ to ‘Engine’ tag Each jvmRoute should be the name of the corresponding Apache worker

Deploy particular web application on Tomcats

Tomcats behind Apache web server

Apache web server –

httpd.conf – load Tomcat application

Create worker.properties file

Each worker should point to IP & port of particular Tomcat machine

Tomcat servers –

Modify server.xml – add ‘jvmRoute’ to ‘Engine’ tag

Each jvmRoute should be the name of the corresponding Apache worker

S E C U R I N G the system! Did someone say Windows? Close unwanted open ports Block private and internal ports: Control port: 8005 Connector port: 8009 Anything else you don’t need. Tomcat usually runs on 8080, so leave it open If you have Apache running, you’ll need port 80 open, as well

Did someone say Windows?

Close unwanted open ports

Block private and internal ports:

Control port: 8005

Connector port: 8009

Anything else you don’t need.

Tomcat usually runs on 8080, so leave it open

If you have Apache running, you’ll need port 80 open, as well

C O N F I G U R A T I O N Files server.xml The main configuration file. web.xml Configures servlets and web applications tomcat-users.xml Roles, users, and passwords catalina.bat Runtime JVM parameters

server.xml

The main configuration file.

web.xml

Configures servlets and web applications

tomcat-users.xml

Roles, users, and passwords

catalina.bat

Runtime JVM parameters

References Tomcat Presentation - Harry R. Erwin, PhD, University of Sunderland Load balancing Tomcat w/ Apache HTTP Server 2.x w/ mod_proxy Professional Apache Tomcat 5 – Vivek Chopra, Amit Bakore, Jon Eaves, Ben Galbraith, Sing Li, Chanoch Wiggers Wikipedia

Tomcat Presentation - Harry R. Erwin, PhD, University of Sunderland

Load balancing Tomcat w/ Apache HTTP Server 2.x w/ mod_proxy

Professional Apache Tomcat 5 – Vivek Chopra, Amit Bakore, Jon Eaves, Ben Galbraith, Sing Li, Chanoch Wiggers

Wikipedia