Teaching Nonfiction Reading Strategies

Teaching for Understanding in Nonfiction

N on F iction… the Good the Bad the Ugly

©Angela Maiers, 2007 The G ood

©Angela Maiers, 2007 Girls, Too !!!!

©Angela Maiers, 2007 The Bad

The Ugly

73% 3F/P levels below fiction
15% 3 GRADE LEVELS below fiction
6% Struggled with decoding
(Boys = Girls)
Stead, 2007

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©Angela Maiers, 2007 ?

We can sooo change that!

Thinking about Fiction

“ Life” Story “ Book” Story (THEME) Fiction = Stories of Life

The Orange

BIG IDEA (Whole text) Main Idea ( Section Level)

M ain Idea vs . B ig Idea

©Maiers, 2008

©Angela Maiers, 2007

©Maiers, 2008

BIG IDEAS in Nonfiction

Purpose
Intention
Motivation
Bias
Viewpoint
Credibility
Reliability
Craft

©Angela Maiers, 2006 Bears 1. 2.

P E N G U I N F R A N L A N T I N G

©Angela Maiers, 2006 Convention Purpose How it Helps Caption Information directly relating to a photo or illustration Tells the reader what to focus on in the picture that is important Comparison Show size relationship between two or more objects of ideas Helps the readers take something familiar to show how it relates or compares with something new Close-Up A smaller more detailed section of the larger photo or illustration It allows the reader to see inside or a smaller part of a large area so we can understand it in a more detailed way Table of Contents Located in the front of the book to share a list of key topics or chapter in which the book addresses in the order in which they appear in the text It allows me to see the chapters and topics and know exactly what pages they are on so I can get to the information I need in the quickest way. Glossary Index Cutaways Print Size

Captions Labels Graphics Images Font Color Layout TOC Glossary Headings

Reading “Blindly”
The icy ghost appeared to him from out of the dark as he surveyed from his position atop the graceful lady of steal. “Yet eyes deceive, Captain Smith thought and failed to stop her momentum. Moments later the festive celebration of the two thousand was smashed to bits. Carpathia, 58 miles away, caught the SOS and race to the rescue of the fortunate seven hundred and five, one of whom remarked, years later, when turned her deck away from us as though to hide from our sight the awful spectacle.”

Steve Moline’s Website
K-8visual.info./

Home | What is visual literacy? | Examples of visual texts | Using visual literacy | Assessing visual literacy | Books for children | Books for teachers | Free materials for teachers | Seminars & workshops | About us | Contact us | Copyright |
Examples of visual texts
View an example of:
Block diagram with cutaways <NEW>
Cutaway diagram with detail
Diagram with color coding
Exploded diagram
Flow charts
Special: What are maps for?
Storyboard
Table
Tree diagram
We usually add a new Visual Literacy Example to this page each month.
Other examples of visual texts on this site:
Bar graph or "bar chart"
Block diagram
Calendar
Cartogram
"Chart" (see table or graph)
Column graph
"Concept map " (see web)

Visual Text: Cross Section ©Angela Maiers, 2006

Text Structures Following the Road to Meaning

Description
Compare/Contrast
Cause and Effect
Chronology/Sequence
Procedural
Persuasive
Question/Answer
Problem/Solution

The fire was started by sparks from a campfire left by a careless camper. Thousands of acres of important watershed burned before the fire was brought under control. As a result of the fire, trees and the grasslands on the
slopes of the valley were gone. Smoking black stumps were all that remained of
tall pine trees.

Words for Comparison-4 th Grade Holt Mathematics Text
Similarity
Same
compare
Alike
Match
Equal
Together
Similar
Equivalent
Synonym
Comparative
Analogy
Equality
Even
Regular
©Angela Maiers, 2006 Difference Different Contrast Not Alike Mismatch Does not Match Unequal Separate Opposite Dissimilar Antonym Contrastable Inequality Uneven Irregular

Signal Words Point the Way… © Maiers, 2008 Text Structure & Signal Words Description/ Hierarchical List Cause & Effect Compare / Contrast Problem/ Solution Question & Answer Sequence For instance For example Furthermore Such as Also To begin with Most important Also In fact In addition And to illustrate Since Because This led to On account of Due to As a result of For this reason Consequentially Then…so… Therefore thus In like manner Likewise Similar to The difference between As opposed to After all However And yet But Nevertheless On the other hand One reason for the… A solution A problem Where The question is One answer is Recommendations include How When What Next Why Who How many The best estimate It could be that One may conclude Until Before After Finally Lastly First…last… Now…then On (date) At (time) First, second Meanwhile Not long after initially ©Maiers, 2008

Text-Wiseness
Teaching students how to
recognize and represent the
organizational patterns commonly
used by authors can significantly
influence students’ learning and
comprehension.
Palinstar, Ogle, Carr, 97

BIG IDEAS in Nonfiction

©Angela Maiers, 2006 THE WRITERS’ BLUEPRINT VISION: THE BIG IDEA Nonfiction Text Organization
Text Features
Fonts and Effects
Graphics
Text organizers
Illustrations and Photographs
Text Structures
Description
Compare/contrast
Cause & effect
Problem/solution
Question & answer
Sequence

©Angela Maiers, 2006 Big Idea:
Author’s Purpose:
Why did the author write about this topic?
What did they want to accomplish?
Why do you think that?
Organization/Text Features
After previewing the text, what features did the
author emphasize and why?
How is the text organized?
How does these support the author’s goal?
Text Critic Observations
Did the author make their point clearly?
Do you agree/disagree?
Was the author’s opinion about the topic evident?
Did you detect bias in the tone or language used?

Content Specific Strategies
Careful reading or skimming
Scanning
Assessing the text through the index
Using heading ,captions, pictures,…
Determining what to read, order of reading
Noting organizational pattern
Deterring what to pay attention to
Determining what to ignore
What information fits with schema, what is new: how to sort it

Content Bibliography
I See What You Mean by Steve Moline
Nonfiction in the Primary Years by Nell Duke
Teaching Non-Fiction 2-4 and 4-8 Scholastic Prof. Books
Nonfiction Matters by Stephanie Harvey
Nonfiction in Focus by Kristo and Bamford
Text Forms and Features by Margaret Mooney
Make It Real by Linda Hoyt
Informational Text by Margaret Mooney and Linda Hoyt
Reading and Writing in Multiple Genre by Byers
Picture Story Books to Teach Literary Devices by Susan Hill

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Teaching Nonfiction Reading Strategies

by Angela Maiers on Oct 07, 2008

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