Symbian OS Overview

Symbian OS™
Overview, possibilities and the community
1
Andreas Jakl, 2009
v4.2a – 23 April 2009

Disclaimer
These slides are provided free of charge at http://www.symbianresources.com and are used during Symbian OS courses at the University of Applied Sciences in Hagenberg, Austria ( http://www.fh-hagenberg.at/ )
Respecting the copyright laws, you are allowed to use them:
for your own, personal, non-commercial use
in the academic environment
In all other cases (e.g. for commercial training), please contact andreas.jakl@fh-hagenberg.at
The correctness of the contents of these materials cannot be guaranteed. Andreas Jakl is not liable for incorrect information or damage that may arise from using the materials.
Parts of these materials are based on information from Symbian Press-books published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This document contains copyright materials which are proprietary to Symbian, UIQ, Nokia and SonyEricsson. “S60™” is a trademark of Nokia. “UIQ™” is a trademark of UIQ Technology. Pictures of mobile phones or applications are copyright their respective manufacturers / developers. “Symbian ™”, “Symbian OS ™” and all other Symbian-based marks and logos are trademarks of Symbian Software Limited and are used under license. © Symbian Software Limited 2006.
Andreas Jakl, 2009
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About me: Andreas Jakl
Assistant Professor at the University ofApplied Sciences, Hagenberg since 2006
Teaching:
Introduction to Software Development (1st semester BSc)
Java ME (2nd semester BSc)
Qt / Symbian OS (3rd semester BSc)
Bachelor Thesis Seminar (5th semester BSc)
Mobile Operating Systems (1st semester MSc)
Interaction Technology (2nd semester MSc)
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About me: Andreas Jakl
Experience:
Forum Nokia Champion (2007, 2008, 2009)
Founded company “Mopius” in 2004
Internship, Master‘s Thesis and summer jobs at Siemens / BenQ Mobile (Munich, R&D)
Studied Bachelor & Master of Digital Media in Hagenberg / Austria (2001 – 06)
Contact:
Office A.005a (FH1, lower floor)
andreas.jakl@fh-hagenberg.at
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Contents
Smartphones and Symbian Ltd.
UI Platforms overview
Symbian OS overview
Developing for Symbian OS
Community
Recommended literature
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The Smartphone Market
Symbian in
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“Smartphone”
Typicaldifferencestofeaturephones:
Traditionally more features, more software pre-installed
Install own native applications
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Source: Nokia (N97)

Smartphone Operating Systems
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Global Market Share Q3 2008
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Source: http://www.canalys.com/pr/2008/r2008112.htm

Worldwide Market Share
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Source: Canalys
Includes closed Linux devices in Japan
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Symbian (OS)?
Symbian Ltd.
Company based in London, UK
Now owned by Nokia
Symbian OS
Operating system developed by Symbian
Licensed and used by phone manufacturers(Nokia, Samsung, LG, ...)
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Symbian Foundation
Nokia now owns Symbian Ltd.
Symbian OS transferred to Symbian Foundation
OS  Open Source + royalty free
Based on S60 (main), UIQ & MOAP
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Committed
handset
manufacturers

Timeline
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Symbian Foundation announced
Acquisition of Symbian Ltd. by Nokia completed
First unified Symbian Foundation release
Symbian OS available asopen source,
first handsets
2008
2009
2010

History of Symbian (OS)
Psion: Established 1980
Games and software for Z80-based Sinclair ZX81 / ZX Spectrum
Sinclair QL bundled with Psion Office Suite (1983)
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1984: Psion Organizer8 Bit processor, 14x9cm, 2K RAM, 4K ROM, 8K datapak, 6 months battery life!
1986: Organizer IIThe world’s first proper PDA
1991: Psion Series 3 Sibo OS, 1.5+ million units sold
1994: Starting development of 32bit OS
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Psion Organizer II. Source: mobile2day.de
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1997: Psion Series 5 (EPOC 32 bit multitasking OS)
1998: Symbian LTD is founded
2000: First Symbian OS phone: Ericsson R380
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Psion Series 5. Source: mobile2day.de
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2001: First 2.5G phone: Nokia 7650
2002: SonyEricsson, Siemens, Sendo join in
2003: Symbian OS 7 (Nokia 6600), Samsung
2005: Symbian OS 9, Platform Security
2007: P.I.P.S. – Standard C support
2008: Symbian Foundation
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Source: Nokia (7650)
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Already included light sensor, camera, ...

User Interface Platforms
Symbian OS and its
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UI Platforms
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All current UI platforms will be integrated into a unified UI mainly based on S60 by Symbian Foundation.
Mobile phones: different manufacturers, form factors, capabilities, markets, ...
Three UI platforms on top of Symbian OS
Provide GUI and extend apps & middleware provided by Symbian
Application suites
UI implementation
UI framework
Symbian OS
HW adaption
Hardware
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UI Platforms: S60
Unified UI platform based on S60
Official UI platform of Symbian Foundation
Former name: Series 60
Touchscreen support with S60 5th Edition
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Nokia N97

UI Platforms: S60
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www.s60.com
Business
High-End Multimedia
Mass Market
Nokia N96
Nokia E66
Samsung Omnia HD
Nokia 6121 Classic
Nokia 5800XPressMusic
Nokia E71
Nokia N85
SE Idou
Nokia 5500 Sport
Samsung INNOV8
Nokia E90
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Nokia 6210 Navigator

UI Platforms: UIQ
UIQ
Owned by SonyEricsson and Motorola (2007)
Licensees: SonyEricsson, Benq,Motorola, Arima
Company shut down after Symbian Foundation announcement
Design
One & Two-Handed use
Touch screen and/or keys supported
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SonyEricsson P1i
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UI Platforms: UIQ
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www.uiq.com
Sony Ericcson P1i
Sony Ericcson W960i
Motorola MotoRizr Z10
Sony Ericcson P990
Sony Ericcson W950
Sony Ericcson M600
Motorola MotoRizr Z8
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UI Platforms: FOMA
NTT DoCoMo
Largest operator in Japan
FOMA™ 3G network (“Freedom of Mobile Access”)
UI internally named MOAP (“Mobile Oriented Application Platform”)
Supported by two platforms: Symbian OS and Linux
Phones
Manufacturers: Fujitsu, Sharp, Mitsubishi, Sony Ericsson
Closed platform (user can not install apps)
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FOMA D704i
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UI Platforms: FOMA
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FOMA D702iBCL
FOMA Raku-RakuSimple
FOMA F903i
FOMA F904i
FOMA F704i
FOMA D703i
Features include: Mobile TV, contactless payment and access, fingerprint authentication, waterproof, scented phones, touchscreen-keypads, GPS, “simple” phones, motion sensor, barcodes, text-to-speech  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1xQVnny0LSg
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Future
S60, UIQ and MOAP integrated into unified platform
Based on S60
Qt will replace S60 UI
Cross-Platform framework
Originally developed by Trolltech, now owned by Nokia (Qt Software)
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Symbian OS = High End
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Touchscreen + QWERTY-keyboard
nHD 16:9 screen (640x360, 16 millioncolors, 3.5“)
5 MPixelcamera (Carl Zeiss), dual ledflash, 30 fpsvideo
A-GPS, WLAN, UMTS, HSDPA, UPnP, USB 2.0
Radio, TV-Out, 3.5 mm audio, N-Gage
32 GB memory + MicroSD
Accelerationsensor, compass, proximitysensor
150 g, 117x55x16 mm
Nokia N97(H1 2009)

Nokia UI Platforms: Series 30
Nokia Series 30
No Symbian OS
For entry phones only(!= smart phones)
No C++ development possible
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Source: Nokia 1209

Nokia Series 40
No Symbian OS
For feature phones(!= smart phones)
No C++ development possible
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Source: Nokia 6600 Slide

Nokia Series 80
Nokia Communicator
Full QWERTZ keyboard
Series 80 has been superseded by S60 with the E90
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Source: Nokia 9500
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Nokia Series 90
Pen-based input
Only used for the Nokia 7710
Touch screens integrated into S60 5th Ed.
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Source: Nokia 7710
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Released in 2004  Nokia 5800 is not the first touch device from Nokia, as many believe.

N-Gage
Launched early 2008
Gaming on Nokia multimedia phones(huge user base!)
Fully integrates with phone’s connectivity
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Symbian OS
Structure and Development
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Mobile Requirements
Limited resources
Most S60 phones today: 220 – 370 MHz (ARM 9/ARM 11), 64-128 MB Ram
No hard disc
Therefore no virtual (= “unlimited”) memory
Power management
Data safety in case of power loss is an issue
Compact
Not much room for UI and the application itself
Reuse of common components important
Reliability
“Always on”
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C++ and Symbian OS
In 1994, C++ was still evolving – not standardized
Features not supported by the tool-chain or immature:
Exceptions
Namespaces
New casts
(Templates)
Boolean types
 Own idioms had to be invented!
Requirements: optimized for small, low memory, low power devices
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P.I.P.S. / OpenC
Available since 2007
P.I.P.S:
Allows using C standard libraries (POSIX) on Symbian OS
OpenC / OpenC++ (Nokia) add additional libraries
Useful for porting applications and game development
UI development still requires Symbian-dialect of C++
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“Open” Platform
Symbian OS is an open platform
Allows to install aftermarket software
C++ APIs publicly documented and freely available
Symbian OS supports open standards (e.g. as developed by Open Mobile Alliance (OMA))
Source Code:
Source code of Symbian OS is not available
However: most of it is provided to phone manufacturers and partners
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Symbian OS + Runtimes
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Java ME
Python
.net
Basic
Perl
Apache / PHP / MySQL
Flash Lite
Silverlight (soon)
Widgets (Web Runtime)
Ruby
S60 / UIQ(C++)
Symbian OS

Choosing your Language
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Web
Flash
Python
Managed code
Java
Ease of development
P.I.P.S.
Symbian C++
Native code
Functionality and performance
Widgets-support introduced with S60 3rd Ed. FP2
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Why use C++ instead of JavaME?
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C++
Java ME
Java ME
Source: Superscape / Siemens
Source: Nokia
Siemens 3D Rally
Release: March 2004
132x176
~7 fps
Pandemonium
Release: October 2003
176x208
~12-15 fps
Sega Rally 3D
Release: 2008
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Why use C++ instead of JavaME?
Java ME
Native Development
Rudimentary UI controls, fixed appearance
Normally no access to files, system services, …
Applications can not really run in the background (yet)
Long startup time
Extra version for each mobile phone(Write Once, Run Anywhere?)
Ready-made UI controls + extensible framework
(Almost) complete access to files, system, …
Background, invisible, automated start-up, ...
Fast start-up and response time
Applications run on all phones, (nearly) without porting
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Symbian Signed
Ensuring minimum standards for app. behaviour
Certificate required to access certain phone functionality
Development
Open Signed: free online signing for development
With publisher ID ($), offline signing
Release
Express signed: company tests itself, random audits
Certified signed: independent test house, more expensive
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Architecture: Kernel
Based on XScale, ARM6, ARM9 or ARM11
Real-time kernel
Allows Single Core-Architecture (combined baseband- and application processor)
 reduces manufacturing cost
Structure:
Nano Kernel: For basic synchronisation, timing, first interrupt handling and service scheduling (enough to run the GSM stack)
Other “personalities” run on top:
GSM stack
Symbian OS Kernel
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Symbian OS Kernel
GSM Stack
Symbian OS Personality
GSM Personality Layer
EKA2 Nano Kernel
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Symbian OS
Architecture: System
OS and built-in middleware & applications stored and executed from ROM
OS and UI Platforms contain many APIs:
Telephony
Messaging
Multimedia
Database
Location-based services
OpenGL ES
...
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Licensee UI Platform
UI framework
UI framework
OS Services
Kernel & HW Interface
Licensee H/W Services
Hardware
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Architecture: Details
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JavaME
LicenseePlatforms
S60
UIQ
Avkon
Qikon
UI Framework
UI Application Framework
UI Toolkit
Uikon
UI LAF*
Cone
FEP Base**
Application Services Messaging, Browsing, PIM, App. Framework, Data Sync, …
Connectivity Services
Multimedia & Graphics Services
Generic OS Services
Comms Services
Telephony Services
SerialComm & Short Link Services
Networking Services
Base Services
Kernel Services & Hardware Abstraction
** FEP = Front End Processor:Input of characters not directlysupportedbyhardwarekeys.
* LAF = Look & Feel. Allowschangingappearance of Uikon controls withoutmodifyingUikon-codeitslef
Even more detailed architecture:
http://developer.symbian.com/main/oslibrary/sys_models/
45

Future: Qt
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Windows
Mac OS
Linux / X11
Windows CE
Embedded Linux
S60
C++
Java
Python
Ada
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Maintained by Qt open source community.
Not officially supported by Qt Software.

Qt Architecture
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Qt for S60
Based on OpenC and native Symbian OS libraries
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Qt Application
Qt Libraries
OpenC Libraries
Symbian Libraries

Developing for Symbian OS
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IDEs – Carbide.c++
Carbide.c++(based on Eclipse)
New main development platform
Integrates Eclipse with required tools
Editions:
Express: basic
Developer: UI-designer, on-device debugging
Professional: Performance tools
OEM: ROM and JTAG support
(all free starting with Carbide.c++ 2.0)
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IDEs – Visual Studio
Microsoft Visual Studio
Plug-in: Nokia Carbide.vs for Symbian OS Support
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IDEs – CodeWarrior
Metrowerks CodeWarrior for Symbian OS
Maintained by Nokia
UI needs getting used to
Has been superseded by Carbide.c++
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S60 SDKs
Choose SDK depending on required compatibility and features
Binary compatibility break with Symbian OS 9
www.forum.nokia.com
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Commonly used for maximum compatibility
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Introduces touch screens to S60

UIQ SDKs
Major system redesign with UIQ 3
developer.uiq.com
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Commonly used for maximum compatibility
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Development stoppedOnly S60 will continue

The Emulators
Simulate phone very accurately
Only a few differences to HW devices
Support debugging
Simulate connections etc.
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Installation
Carbide.c++ 2.0 (orlater)http://www.forum.nokia.com/main/resources/tools_and_sdks/carbide/index.html
Perl 5.6.x (Set thepath variable!) – not 5.8 / 5.10!http://downloads.activestate.com/ActivePerl/Windows/5.6/ActivePerl-5.6.1.638-MSWin32-x86.msi
SDK(s) (S60 3rd Ed. MR + newer)http://www.forum.nokia.com/Resources_and_Information/Tools/Platforms/S60_Platform_SDKs/
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 Install all tools on the same drive (recommended: C:, no network drive!)

The Community
Projects
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Aim of this Presentation
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Make you interested in developing for Symbian OS
... so what can you do with Symbian OS applications?
... what impact can you create with no marketing budget and simple ideas?

Community
Small, but dedicated community
Easy to get into the network
Easy to create new stuff
Blogs and websites
http://www.allaboutsymbian.com/
http://www.symbian-freak.com/
http://www.intomobile.com/
http://blogs.forum.nokia.com/
http://www.womworld.com/
... and many others!
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All happy to report about YOUR next interesting Symbian OS based projects!

Projects – ShakerRacer
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270,000+
video views
(youtube)
Taken up by
many blogs
140,000 hits
on project page
Nutshell: Control a modded RC toy car by tilting your phone.
Demonstratedby Nokia atmany world-wide events
Presented at
S60 Summit inBarcelona
Developed in: Python
Phone technology: Acceleration sensor, Bluetooth
Published: November 2007
Made by: Andreas Jakl, Stephan Selinger

Projects – WiiConnect / WiiRider
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2nd at Forum for
Mobile Communication
Featured on
Austrian TV
Featured on:
engadget.com
theregister.co.uk
golem.de
Taken up by
many blogs.
Nutshell: Use the Nintendo Wii Remote to control your phone.
Developed in: Symbian OS C++ / Java ME
Phone technology: Bluetooth
Published: September 2007
Made by: Alex Erifiu, Mario Grammer

Projects – gBoarder
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Finalist inAustrian StatePrice for Multimedia
& e-Business
Nutshell: Create innovative statistics during a snowboarding trip (# of crashes, longest jump) .
Featured on
major Austrianradio station
Developed in: Symbian OS C++
Phone technology: Acc.-Sensor
Published: February 2007
Made by: Stefan Damm, Benjamin Gmeiner

Projects – RealReplay
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Amongst
winners
at Genius award
Winner atAustrian State
Price for
Multmedia
& e-Business
Winner atN95 Developers
Challenge
Finalist at
Java Masters
(BenQ Mobile)
Nutshell: Race against anyone, at any time you want.
Finalist at
EuroprixMultimediaAward
Featured on
TV (Puls4)
Developed in: Java ME
Phone technology: Integrated GPS
Published: November 2006
Made by: Andreas Jakl, André Lichtenecker

Projects – Ninepoint Box
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Winner at
Forum for Mobile
Communication
Nutshell: Use a specialized Braille module to control a standard phone.
Founded an
own company
Developed in: Python
Phone technology: Bluetooth
Made by: EwaldKantner

Projects – The Journey I / II
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Featured on
main public
TV-channel
(demo with
actors)
Finalist at
Series 60
Challenge
Featured on
German radio
station
Jury award at
Austrian State Price
for Multimedia
& e-Business
8/10 points
Midlet-Review.com
Nutshell: Combine the virtual with the real world in a location based game.
“Most InnovativeMobile Game 2004”
120,000+
downloads
Finalist at
Europrix
Multimedia
Award
Winner at
OpenSummer
Competition
(NewLC)
Phone technology: Cell IDs
Published: June 2004 / August 2007 (S60 3rd Ed)
Made by: Andreas Jakl

Projects – HourPower
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With community:
available in
4 languages
Nutshell: Speak the time whenever you are too tired to open your eyes.
20,000
downloads
Phone technology: Text-to-Speech
Published: March 2007
Made by: Andreas Jakl

Projects –Theft Deterrent System for Skis
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Winner at
1st Austrian
NFC Competition
Featured onBBC
Nutshell: Protect your skis from being stolen through NFC.
3rd at the
NFC Forum
Global Competition
Developed in: Java ME
Phone technology: NFC
Made by: Markus Eder,FlorianLettner,
Carina Madlmayr

Projects – Panic Lookup (Carbide.c++)
Andreas Jakl, 2009
Published inSymbian
newsletter
Nutshell: Automated panic code look-up in Carbide.c++.
Team: Wolfgang Damm, Andreas Pum
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Projects – pyWuzzler
Andreas Jakl, 2009
Featured onTV (LT1)
Nutshell: Simulate table soccer on a mobile phone – and make it fun to play!
Several Austriannewspapers
Published: June 2008
Team:Benjamin Gmeiner, Yen-Chia Lin
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Summary
There’s a lot you can do
Don’t keep your application for yourself
Let the world know about what you do
Participate in the community
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Literature
… for extending your knowledge:
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Literature – Recommended
Andreas Jakl, 2009
The Accredited Symbian Developer Primer
Jo Stichbury and Mark JacobsShort and in-depth explanation of the important facts of development for Symbian OS. Includes summary of the important basics of C++.
The contents of this book are partly identical to “Symbian OS Explained”, so it might not be a good idea to buy both of those books if your money is limited.
Status: Symbian OS 9, 2006
Sample-Questions like in the exam:
http://www.meme-education.com/
72

Literature – Recommended
Andreas Jakl, 2009
Symbian OS C++ for Mobile Phones (Volume 3)
Richard Harrison & Mark Shackman
Complete and very up-to-date overview and tutorials for Symbian OS development.Status: Symbian OS 9, 2007
Developing Software for Symbian OS (Second Edition)
Steve Babin
Detailed description of the basic concepts of Symbian OS, good for beginners.Status: Symbian OS 9, 2007
73

Literature – Good, not so fresh
Andreas Jakl, 2009
Symbian OS Explained
Jo Stichbury
Includes a lot of background information and explanations about how development for Symbian OS works and why it is that way. Status: Symbian OS 8, 2005
Developing Series 60 Applications
Leigh Edwards, Richard Barker
Good overview of development for S60, many examples.Status: Symbian OS 7, 2004
74

Help! – On the Web
Forum Nokia
http://forum.nokia.com/
Forum Nokia Wiki
http://wiki.forum.nokia.com/
Forum Nokia Discussion Boards
http://discussion.forum.nokia.com/
UIQ Developer Network
http://developer.uiq.com/
SonyEricsson Developer Network
http://developer.sonyericsson.com/
Symbian Developer Network
http://developer.symbian.com/
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GeneralInformation
Code Examples
Help forQuestions




S60




UIQ



Symbian



Further Development Resources
NewLC(Forum, tutorials)
http://www.newlc.com/
SymbianResources.com (FH Hagenberg)
http://www.symbianresources.com/
Also contains a link-list for Symbian-related sites
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Symbian Academy
Advantages
Free lecture materials and training exercises
Discounted Accredited Symbian Developer Exam
Guest lectures from Symbian
Free technical support
Free training for lecturers
Publishing documents & projects on Symbian Developer Network
Free copies of Symbian Press books
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Symbian Academy
Prerequisite: already teaching Symbian OS or planning to do so
Status:
56 universities worldwide (Q1 2008, since June 2006)
Contact:
http://developer.symbian.com/main/academy/
academy@symbian.com
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Perspective
Accredited Symbian / S60 Developer
Official exam
Price: approx. €150 – €220
Thorough knowledge of Symbian OS and C++ required!
http://www.majinate.com/
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Thanks for your attention
That’s it!
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