The document discusses the components of DMAIC, the methodology used in Six Sigma improvement projects. It begins by outlining some key requirements for Six Sigma projects, including leadership commitment, using facts to make decisions, and cross-functional team training. It then describes each stage of DMAIC - Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control - and lists some potential tools and activities used in each stage. The document concludes by listing several statistical tools that can be used throughout the Six Sigma improvement process.

1. DMAIC Components Six Sigma Improvement Focus Anand Subramaniam

4. DMAIC Components

7. Six Sigma – Improvement Focus Define Focus What is the problem? Measure Focus What are we doing, and how well are we doing it? Analyse Focus What is the root cause? Improve Focus Get from the problem statement to the goal statement Control Focus Sustain the gain

13. DMAIC Roadmap

14. Define Project Charter Problem Statement: Goal: Business Case: Scope: Cost Benefit Projection: Milestones: VOC Key Issue CTQ Delighters More Is Better Must Be Voice of the Customer Business Case Initial Process Mapping Outputs Process Inputs Yield: 60% Yield: 90% Yield: 45% Yield: 98% CUSTOMERS SUPPLIERS

15. Measure Col # 1 2 3 4 5 6 Inspector A B Sample # 1st Trial 2nd Trial Diff 1st Trial 2nd Trial Diff 1 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 0.0 2 2.0 3.0 1.0 2.5 2.5 0.0 3 1.5 1.0 0.5 2.0 1.5 0.5 4 3.0 3.0 0.0 2.0 2.5 0.5 5 2.0 1.5 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.0 Totals 10.5 9.5 3.0 9.5 8.5 2.0 Averages 2.1 1.9 0.6 1.9 1.7 0.4 Sum 4.0 Sum 3.6 X A 2.0 X B 1.8 R A R B Validate Measurement Systems Display Data 0 1000 -1000 10 20 30 UCL X LCL D B F A C E Other Identify the Metrics Data Collection Plan Operational Definition and Procedures Data Collection Plan What questions do you want to answer? Data What Measure type/ Data type How measured Related conditions Sampling notes How/ where How will you ensure consistency and stability? What is your plan for starting data collection? How will the data be displayed? Prioritise the Metrics I1 I2 I3 I4 O1 O2 O3 O4 FMEA Identify Process Capability LSL USL Cp = 0.4 s = 2.7 Measure the process I P O Input Measures Process Measures Output Measures

16. Analyse VA NVA Process Door Regression Analysis Chi-Square c ² Regression t-test ANOVA X 1 Y Hypothesis-Testing Design of Experiments Cause & Effect Data Door 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 X O n X O n X O n X O n X O n X O n X O n X O n O n X O n .

17. Improve Perform Cost-Benefit Analysis Generate Solutions A B C D 4 1 3 2 Assess Risks Run Pilot Test Full scale Original 2 4 8 6 10 G 1 3 5 7 9 A B C D F E J I H G Plan Implementation Select the Solution FMEA

18. Control Evaluate Project Results . Ownership & Monitoring Process Change Management Key Learnings QC Process Chart Document & Standardise . Closure Process Owner UCL LCL Before After Step 4 changes implemented } Improvement Target } Remaining Gap Good } Improvement Before After A1 A2 A3 A4 A2 A1 A3 A4 Learnings Recommendations Results • • • next Work Instructions Control/Check Points Response to Abnormality Notes Code # Charac- teristics Control Limits Method Who Immediate Fix Permanent Fix Who Flowchart 2 12 Product Name Process Name Process Code # Date of Issue: Issued by: Approved by: Revision Date Reason Signature 1 Operating Procedures Training Curriculum Training Manual Manual Fill to here LSL USL s = 3.7 Cp = 1.4 s = 2.7 Cp = 0.4

19. Management & Statistical Tools