SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 30
Download to read offline
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 In an industrialized nation,
manufacturing is the main wealth creating activity.
 About 1/3 of the value of all goods & services produced in a nation
 Manufacturing
Definition
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Definition
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Definition
Ref.: OECD(2004), ( )는 국가별 수위도시 인구비중
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Various Concepts of National Income
 Gross National Product (GNP)
 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
 Net National Product (NNP)/National Income
 Personal Income
Definition
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 GNP (국민 총 생산)
 The total money value of all final goods & services produced
by the residents of a country in one year period
 GNP = C + I + G + (X – M)
 C = Consumption Expenditure
 I = Investment
 G = Government Expenditures
 X – M = Net Exports
Definition
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 GDP (국내 총 생산)
 The total market value at current prices of all final goods &
services produced within a year by the factors of production
located within a country
 Distinction between GDP and GNP
 GDP = GNP – Net Foreign Income from Abroad
Definition
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Main thrusts in manufacturing engineering
 Automation
 CAD/CAM/CAE/…
 Manufacture with higher precision
 precision engineering
 Sustainable Manufacture
 green growth, green economy, …
Definition
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Various Definitions
 Precision engineering may be broadly defined as work
at the forefont of current technology, implicitly in the field of
metrology and manufacturing technology [McKeown].
 The achievement of dimensions & tolerances in the order of
0.01 mm and surface roughness of 0.001 mm (1 nm)
 Any technology related to features of nanometer scale: thin film,
fine particles, chemical synthesis, advanced microlithography,
and so forth [Drexler].
 The technology of manufacture to dimensions or tolerances
in the range of 0.1 – 100 nm (from the size of the atom to the
wavelength of light) [Franks].
Definition
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Accuracy
 the degree of closeness of
a measured OR calculated quantity
to its actual (true) value
 Precision
 the degree of reproducibility
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
High precision, but low accuracyHigh accuracy, but low precision
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Suppose you machine a certain dimension of a part to length L.
machine with a machine tool
measure the machined parts with a sufficiently accurate instrument
plot the results as the frequency distribution
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
_
y
_
y
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Bias
 the difference between the mean value & specified dimension
 Mathematical expression
 dm = L –
where, L = specified (or nominal) dimension, = sample mean
_
x
_
x
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Probability Distribution
 The probability distribution of a discrete random variable (r.v.)
 a list of probabilities associated with each of its possible values
 The probability density function of a continuous r.v.
 a function which can be integrated to obtain the probability that
the r.v. takes a value in a given interval.
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Probability Distribution
 A random variable is a function that associates a unique
numerical value with every outcome of an experiment.
 A coin is tossed ten times. The r.v. X is the number of tails that are
noted. X can only take the values 0,1,....,10, so X is a discrete r.v.
 A light bulb is burned until it burns out. The r.v. Y is its lifetime in
hours. Y can take any positive real value, so Y is a continuous r.v.
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Population mean, m
 the mean of a probability distribution (=population)
 Mathematically y continuous
y discrete
 m = E(y), where, E = expected value operator.
 Sample mean,
 A point estimator of a population mean (=the mean of a sample)

n
x
x i
_








m





n
1i
ii )y(Py
)y(yf
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
_
x
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Accuracy,

 = t-distribution value when the degree of freedom is
f = n-1 and the probability is (1-a).
 n = the sample size (i.e. number of data points used)
 a = the significance level
 n = the unbiased variance
 a non-negative number which gives an idea of how widely spread
the values of the random variable are likely to be.
n
x)
2
,(t
na
fd 
d
)
2
,(t
a
f




n
1i
2
i )xx(
1n
1
n
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Unbiased
 The long-run average or expected value of the point estimator
should be the parameter that is being estimated.
 E( ) = = = = = m
∴ is an unbiased estimator of m.
y













n
y
E
n
1i
i







n
1i
iyE
n
1
 
n
1i
iyE
n
1

n
1in
1
m
y
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Example
 If we take n = 21 and n = 4 mm2 with a = 0.05 = 95% reliability,
= ?
∴ = 0.192 mm.
 The accuracy of the machining process is evaluated as 0.192
mm with a probability of 0.95 (or 95% reliability).
)
2
,(t
a
f
n
x)
2
,(t
na
fd 
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Precision, e
 measured by how small the dispersion e is from the mean value
 Mathematically
 Example
= 4.18 mm.
 this machining process has a precision of 4.18 mm with a
probability of 0.95.
n
a
fe x)
2
,(t
n
a
fe x)
2
,(t
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
_
y
_
y
 Why high precision?
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 State of Current Technology
 PE is the science underlying the manufacture of high precision
machinery.
 Traditional precision machines: watches and cameras
 Computers and their peripheral equipments
 Video equipments
 Aerospace equipments, measuring equipments (including
astronomical telescopes, etc.)
 High precision machine tools
 Telecommunication devices
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Hard disk drive
 Aluminum alloy disk + magnetic head
 Rotational speed = 5,200 ~ 7,200 RPM
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Hard disk drive
 RPM is getting higher.
 ball bearing  air bearing
 aluminum alloy disk  ceramic disk
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Boeing B747-200
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
a = 0.3~1.0 mm ± 0.02 mm
q = 5°
 Plane-reflection type diffraction grating
 The critical component of spectroscope
 A spectroscope is a device that lets us find out what things
are made of. It works by taking light and splitting it up into its
component colors.
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
 Shaper-type ruling engine
 engraves grooves spaced at 600 to 1200 lines per mm.
= 83 grooves onto the width of a hair, about 100 mm.
 accumulated pitch error must not exceed 0.2 mm for 1200 grooves.
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
© 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park
PrecisionEngineering
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness

More Related Content

Similar to 1. introduction

Analysis of super structure building with plan and elevation irregularities u...
Analysis of super structure building with plan and elevation irregularities u...Analysis of super structure building with plan and elevation irregularities u...
Analysis of super structure building with plan and elevation irregularities u...IRJET Journal
 
Optimization of Process Parameters for Deep Hole Drilling using Drill EDM for...
Optimization of Process Parameters for Deep Hole Drilling using Drill EDM for...Optimization of Process Parameters for Deep Hole Drilling using Drill EDM for...
Optimization of Process Parameters for Deep Hole Drilling using Drill EDM for...IRJET Journal
 
Design of a Single Point Cutting Tool
Design of a Single Point Cutting ToolDesign of a Single Point Cutting Tool
Design of a Single Point Cutting ToolIRJET Journal
 
Vibration Isolation of an Air Compressor by using Sandwich Mount Isolators
Vibration Isolation of an Air Compressor by using Sandwich Mount IsolatorsVibration Isolation of an Air Compressor by using Sandwich Mount Isolators
Vibration Isolation of an Air Compressor by using Sandwich Mount IsolatorsIRJET Journal
 
1 s2.0-s1877705815003781-main
1 s2.0-s1877705815003781-main1 s2.0-s1877705815003781-main
1 s2.0-s1877705815003781-mainah7med
 
Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...
Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...
Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...iaemedu
 
Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...
Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...
Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...iaemedu
 
IRJET- Artificial Neural Network Algorithm for Acoustic Echo Cancellation App...
IRJET- Artificial Neural Network Algorithm for Acoustic Echo Cancellation App...IRJET- Artificial Neural Network Algorithm for Acoustic Echo Cancellation App...
IRJET- Artificial Neural Network Algorithm for Acoustic Echo Cancellation App...IRJET Journal
 
IRJET- Investigation of Damage Level and Study on Load Deflection Charact...
IRJET-  	  Investigation of Damage Level and Study on Load Deflection Charact...IRJET-  	  Investigation of Damage Level and Study on Load Deflection Charact...
IRJET- Investigation of Damage Level and Study on Load Deflection Charact...IRJET Journal
 
IRJET-Analysis of Beam Column Joint using Finite Element Method – Comparative...
IRJET-Analysis of Beam Column Joint using Finite Element Method – Comparative...IRJET-Analysis of Beam Column Joint using Finite Element Method – Comparative...
IRJET-Analysis of Beam Column Joint using Finite Element Method – Comparative...IRJET Journal
 
IRJET- Sustainable Production in Ultrasonic Plastic Welding Obtaining Max...
IRJET-  	  Sustainable Production in Ultrasonic Plastic Welding Obtaining Max...IRJET-  	  Sustainable Production in Ultrasonic Plastic Welding Obtaining Max...
IRJET- Sustainable Production in Ultrasonic Plastic Welding Obtaining Max...IRJET Journal
 
Digital Signal Processing Tutorial:Chapt 1 signal and systems
Digital Signal Processing Tutorial:Chapt 1 signal and systemsDigital Signal Processing Tutorial:Chapt 1 signal and systems
Digital Signal Processing Tutorial:Chapt 1 signal and systemsChandrashekhar Padole
 
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...eSAT Publishing House
 
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...eSAT Journals
 
Explosion Intensity Measurement using Piezo Element
Explosion Intensity Measurement using Piezo ElementExplosion Intensity Measurement using Piezo Element
Explosion Intensity Measurement using Piezo ElementIRJET Journal
 
IRJET- Design of two Dimensional Photonic Crystal Based Pressure Sensor us...
IRJET- 	  Design of two Dimensional Photonic Crystal Based Pressure Sensor us...IRJET- 	  Design of two Dimensional Photonic Crystal Based Pressure Sensor us...
IRJET- Design of two Dimensional Photonic Crystal Based Pressure Sensor us...IRJET Journal
 
New Design Architecture of Chaotic Secure Communication System Combined with ...
New Design Architecture of Chaotic Secure Communication System Combined with ...New Design Architecture of Chaotic Secure Communication System Combined with ...
New Design Architecture of Chaotic Secure Communication System Combined with ...ijtsrd
 

Similar to 1. introduction (20)

Analysis of super structure building with plan and elevation irregularities u...
Analysis of super structure building with plan and elevation irregularities u...Analysis of super structure building with plan and elevation irregularities u...
Analysis of super structure building with plan and elevation irregularities u...
 
Optimization of Process Parameters for Deep Hole Drilling using Drill EDM for...
Optimization of Process Parameters for Deep Hole Drilling using Drill EDM for...Optimization of Process Parameters for Deep Hole Drilling using Drill EDM for...
Optimization of Process Parameters for Deep Hole Drilling using Drill EDM for...
 
Design of a Single Point Cutting Tool
Design of a Single Point Cutting ToolDesign of a Single Point Cutting Tool
Design of a Single Point Cutting Tool
 
Vibration Isolation of an Air Compressor by using Sandwich Mount Isolators
Vibration Isolation of an Air Compressor by using Sandwich Mount IsolatorsVibration Isolation of an Air Compressor by using Sandwich Mount Isolators
Vibration Isolation of an Air Compressor by using Sandwich Mount Isolators
 
1 s2.0-s1877705815003781-main
1 s2.0-s1877705815003781-main1 s2.0-s1877705815003781-main
1 s2.0-s1877705815003781-main
 
Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...
Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...
Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...
 
Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...
Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...
Virtual instrumentation for measurement of strain using thin film strain gaug...
 
utility.pdf
utility.pdfutility.pdf
utility.pdf
 
IRJET- Artificial Neural Network Algorithm for Acoustic Echo Cancellation App...
IRJET- Artificial Neural Network Algorithm for Acoustic Echo Cancellation App...IRJET- Artificial Neural Network Algorithm for Acoustic Echo Cancellation App...
IRJET- Artificial Neural Network Algorithm for Acoustic Echo Cancellation App...
 
IRJET- Investigation of Damage Level and Study on Load Deflection Charact...
IRJET-  	  Investigation of Damage Level and Study on Load Deflection Charact...IRJET-  	  Investigation of Damage Level and Study on Load Deflection Charact...
IRJET- Investigation of Damage Level and Study on Load Deflection Charact...
 
IRJET-Analysis of Beam Column Joint using Finite Element Method – Comparative...
IRJET-Analysis of Beam Column Joint using Finite Element Method – Comparative...IRJET-Analysis of Beam Column Joint using Finite Element Method – Comparative...
IRJET-Analysis of Beam Column Joint using Finite Element Method – Comparative...
 
IRJET- Sustainable Production in Ultrasonic Plastic Welding Obtaining Max...
IRJET-  	  Sustainable Production in Ultrasonic Plastic Welding Obtaining Max...IRJET-  	  Sustainable Production in Ultrasonic Plastic Welding Obtaining Max...
IRJET- Sustainable Production in Ultrasonic Plastic Welding Obtaining Max...
 
Digital Signal Processing Tutorial:Chapt 1 signal and systems
Digital Signal Processing Tutorial:Chapt 1 signal and systemsDigital Signal Processing Tutorial:Chapt 1 signal and systems
Digital Signal Processing Tutorial:Chapt 1 signal and systems
 
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...
 
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...
 
Explosion Intensity Measurement using Piezo Element
Explosion Intensity Measurement using Piezo ElementExplosion Intensity Measurement using Piezo Element
Explosion Intensity Measurement using Piezo Element
 
30320140501003 2
30320140501003 230320140501003 2
30320140501003 2
 
IRJET- Design of two Dimensional Photonic Crystal Based Pressure Sensor us...
IRJET- 	  Design of two Dimensional Photonic Crystal Based Pressure Sensor us...IRJET- 	  Design of two Dimensional Photonic Crystal Based Pressure Sensor us...
IRJET- Design of two Dimensional Photonic Crystal Based Pressure Sensor us...
 
Bi4302433450
Bi4302433450Bi4302433450
Bi4302433450
 
New Design Architecture of Chaotic Secure Communication System Combined with ...
New Design Architecture of Chaotic Secure Communication System Combined with ...New Design Architecture of Chaotic Secure Communication System Combined with ...
New Design Architecture of Chaotic Secure Communication System Combined with ...
 

Recently uploaded

CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapitolTechU
 
UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024
UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024
UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024UKCGE
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphPresentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphNetziValdelomar1
 
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfMaximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfTechSoup
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?TechSoup
 
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxPrescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxraviapr7
 
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17Celine George
 
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRADUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRATanmoy Mishra
 
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxCAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxSaurabhParmar42
 
The Singapore Teaching Practice document
The Singapore Teaching Practice documentThe Singapore Teaching Practice document
The Singapore Teaching Practice documentXsasf Sfdfasd
 
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationBenefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationMJDuyan
 
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.raviapr7
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education  and Educational PhilosophyPhilosophy of Education  and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education and Educational PhilosophyShuvankar Madhu
 
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...CaraSkikne1
 
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdfHED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdfMohonDas
 
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxheathfieldcps1
 

Recently uploaded (20)

CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
 
UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024
UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024
UKCGE Parental Leave Discussion March 2024
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
 
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
 
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quizPrelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
 
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphPresentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
 
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfMaximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
 
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptxPrescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
 
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
 
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRADUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
 
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxCAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
 
The Singapore Teaching Practice document
The Singapore Teaching Practice documentThe Singapore Teaching Practice document
The Singapore Teaching Practice document
 
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationBenefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
 
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
Drug Information Services- DIC and Sources.
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
 
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education  and Educational PhilosophyPhilosophy of Education  and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
 
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
 
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdfHED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
 
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
 

1. introduction

  • 1. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  In an industrialized nation, manufacturing is the main wealth creating activity.  About 1/3 of the value of all goods & services produced in a nation  Manufacturing Definition
  • 2. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Definition
  • 3. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Definition Ref.: OECD(2004), ( )는 국가별 수위도시 인구비중
  • 4. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Various Concepts of National Income  Gross National Product (GNP)  Gross Domestic Product (GDP)  Net National Product (NNP)/National Income  Personal Income Definition
  • 5. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  GNP (국민 총 생산)  The total money value of all final goods & services produced by the residents of a country in one year period  GNP = C + I + G + (X – M)  C = Consumption Expenditure  I = Investment  G = Government Expenditures  X – M = Net Exports Definition
  • 6. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  GDP (국내 총 생산)  The total market value at current prices of all final goods & services produced within a year by the factors of production located within a country  Distinction between GDP and GNP  GDP = GNP – Net Foreign Income from Abroad Definition
  • 7. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Main thrusts in manufacturing engineering  Automation  CAD/CAM/CAE/…  Manufacture with higher precision  precision engineering  Sustainable Manufacture  green growth, green economy, … Definition
  • 8. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Various Definitions  Precision engineering may be broadly defined as work at the forefont of current technology, implicitly in the field of metrology and manufacturing technology [McKeown].  The achievement of dimensions & tolerances in the order of 0.01 mm and surface roughness of 0.001 mm (1 nm)  Any technology related to features of nanometer scale: thin film, fine particles, chemical synthesis, advanced microlithography, and so forth [Drexler].  The technology of manufacture to dimensions or tolerances in the range of 0.1 – 100 nm (from the size of the atom to the wavelength of light) [Franks]. Definition
  • 9. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Accuracy  the degree of closeness of a measured OR calculated quantity to its actual (true) value  Precision  the degree of reproducibility Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 10. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 11. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY High precision, but low accuracyHigh accuracy, but low precision Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 12. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Suppose you machine a certain dimension of a part to length L. machine with a machine tool measure the machined parts with a sufficiently accurate instrument plot the results as the frequency distribution Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 13. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY _ y _ y Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 14. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Bias  the difference between the mean value & specified dimension  Mathematical expression  dm = L – where, L = specified (or nominal) dimension, = sample mean _ x _ x Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 15. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Probability Distribution  The probability distribution of a discrete random variable (r.v.)  a list of probabilities associated with each of its possible values  The probability density function of a continuous r.v.  a function which can be integrated to obtain the probability that the r.v. takes a value in a given interval. Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 16. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Probability Distribution  A random variable is a function that associates a unique numerical value with every outcome of an experiment.  A coin is tossed ten times. The r.v. X is the number of tails that are noted. X can only take the values 0,1,....,10, so X is a discrete r.v.  A light bulb is burned until it burns out. The r.v. Y is its lifetime in hours. Y can take any positive real value, so Y is a continuous r.v. Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 17. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Population mean, m  the mean of a probability distribution (=population)  Mathematically y continuous y discrete  m = E(y), where, E = expected value operator.  Sample mean,  A point estimator of a population mean (=the mean of a sample)  n x x i _         m      n 1i ii )y(Py )y(yf Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness _ x
  • 18. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Accuracy,   = t-distribution value when the degree of freedom is f = n-1 and the probability is (1-a).  n = the sample size (i.e. number of data points used)  a = the significance level  n = the unbiased variance  a non-negative number which gives an idea of how widely spread the values of the random variable are likely to be. n x) 2 ,(t na fd  d ) 2 ,(t a f     n 1i 2 i )xx( 1n 1 n Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 19. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Unbiased  The long-run average or expected value of the point estimator should be the parameter that is being estimated.  E( ) = = = = = m ∴ is an unbiased estimator of m. y              n y E n 1i i        n 1i iyE n 1   n 1i iyE n 1  n 1in 1 m y Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 20. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Example  If we take n = 21 and n = 4 mm2 with a = 0.05 = 95% reliability, = ? ∴ = 0.192 mm.  The accuracy of the machining process is evaluated as 0.192 mm with a probability of 0.95 (or 95% reliability). ) 2 ,(t a f n x) 2 ,(t na fd  Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 21. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 22. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Precision, e  measured by how small the dispersion e is from the mean value  Mathematically  Example = 4.18 mm.  this machining process has a precision of 4.18 mm with a probability of 0.95. n a fe x) 2 ,(t n a fe x) 2 ,(t Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 23. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY _ y _ y  Why high precision? Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 24. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  State of Current Technology  PE is the science underlying the manufacture of high precision machinery.  Traditional precision machines: watches and cameras  Computers and their peripheral equipments  Video equipments  Aerospace equipments, measuring equipments (including astronomical telescopes, etc.)  High precision machine tools  Telecommunication devices Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 25. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Hard disk drive  Aluminum alloy disk + magnetic head  Rotational speed = 5,200 ~ 7,200 RPM Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 26. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Hard disk drive  RPM is getting higher.  ball bearing  air bearing  aluminum alloy disk  ceramic disk Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 27. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Boeing B747-200 Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 28. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY a = 0.3~1.0 mm ± 0.02 mm q = 5°  Plane-reflection type diffraction grating  The critical component of spectroscope  A spectroscope is a device that lets us find out what things are made of. It works by taking light and splitting it up into its component colors. Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 29. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY  Shaper-type ruling engine  engraves grooves spaced at 600 to 1200 lines per mm. = 83 grooves onto the width of a hair, about 100 mm.  accumulated pitch error must not exceed 0.2 mm for 1200 grooves. Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness
  • 30. © 2008-2015 Young-Woo Park PrecisionEngineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering CHUNGNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Precision, Accuracy, & Smoothness