Automating Windows Server 2008 R2 Administration with Windows PowerShell

Automating Windows Server 2008 R2Administration with Windows PowerShellAleksandar Nikolić, PowerShell MVPTwitter: @alexandairOctober 20, 2011

What is Windows PowerShell?• Not just a command-line shell• Not just a scripting language• An automation engine, an automation platform• Designed especially for system administration• Cmdlets – built-in PowerShell commands

Why Windows PowerShell? (1)• To automate administrative tasks• Manage the computers from the command-line• Access to file system, Registry, certificate store…• The Admin Development Model – An interactive shell -> quick and dirty scripting -> a formal production scripting• Based on the .NET Framework

Why Windows PowerShell? (2)• Consistency and discoverability• Standards-based management (WMI/CIM and WSMan)• Extensible (PowerShell modules/snap-ins)• Great help system• PowerShell vs. GUI PowerShell and GUI

How to get it?• Windows PowerShell v2• Windows 7 and Server 2008 R2 – A part of the operating system – Server Core! (optional feature)• XP SP3, Vista SP2, Server 2003 SP2, and 2008 SP2 – Windows Management Framework (KB968929) – Windows Update and WSUS

Windows PowerShell in a Nutshell• Cmdlets (Verb-Noun)• PSProviders and PSDrives• Get-Help, Get-Command, Get-Member, Get-PSDrive• Pipeline• Sends objects down the pipeline• -WhatIf and –Confirm parameters

DEMO:basiccommands

Automating Management Tasks• Standards-based management (WMI/CIM and WSMan)• Local and remote• PowerShell jobs• Task scheduling

Management Stack in PowerShell v2 Management DCOM DCOM WMI DCOM Providers Application Client Service Engine Providers WMI Server Default PowerShell WinRM WinRM PowerShellManager WS-Management Endpoint PowerShell Remoting Client ServiceConsole Custom PowerShell Endpoint

Standards-Based Management ion Communicat Pathway 0) rt 8 po p( htt Internet wsman.msft.net Managed Source Managed Source Management Station Management Station• Protocol: DMTF Standard Protocol: Web Services Management (WSMan)• Agent: The WinRM service in Windows implements the server role of the WSMan protocol. WMI implements the CIMOM.• Tool: WSMan cmdlets allow access to any device that complies with CIM and WSMan standards• Extensions: Microsoft extensions to WSMan enable PowerShell remoting (1-1, 1-many, many-1)

DEMO:managementtasks

Extending Windows PowerShell• Think about MMC snap-ins• A set of related PowerShell functionalities• To package and deploy PowerShell functionalities• PSSnapins (v1+) – Get-PSSnapin –Registered – Quest AD cmdlets and VMware vSphere PowerCLI cmdlets• Modules (v2+) – Get-Module –ListAvailable – include cmdlets, providers, functions, variables, aliases

Built-in ModulesName Command to import module or add snap-inActive Directory Rights Management Services Import-Module ADRMSmodule for Windows PowerShellApplication ID Policy Management module for Import-Module AppLockerWindows PowerShellBest Practice Analyzer module for Windows Import-Module BestPracticesPowerShellBackground Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) Import-Module BITSTransfermodule for Windows PowerShellServer Manager module for Windows PowerShell Import-Module ServerManagerTroubleshooting pack support Import-Module TroubleshootingPack

Name Required installed role or feature Command to import module or add snap-inActive Directory module for Windows PowerShell Requires installation of the Active Directory Domain Import-Module ActiveDirectory Services roleActive Directory Rights Management Services Requires installation of the AD RMS role. Import-Module ADRMSAdminadministration module for Windows PowerShellFailover Clusters module for Windows PowerShell Requires installation of the Failover Clustering Import-Module FailoverClusters feature.Group Policy module for Windows PowerShell Requires installation of the Group Policy Import-Module GroupPolicy Management feature.Network Load Balancing Clusters module for Requires installation of the Network Load Balancing Import-Module NetworkLoadBalancingClustersWindows PowerShell feature.Remote Desktop Services module for Windows Requires installation of the Remote Desktop Import-Module RemoteDesktopServicesPowerShell Services role.Server Migration module for Windows PowerShell Requires installation of the Windows Server Add-PSSnapin Migration Tools feature Microsoft.Windows.ServerManager.MigrationWindows Backup snap-in for Windows PowerShell Requires installation of the Windows Server Backup Add-PSSnapin Windows.ServerBackup Features: Windows Server Backup and Command- line Tools.Internet Information Services (IIS) module for Requires installation of the Web Server (IIS) role Import-Module WebAdministrationWindows PowerShellWeb Services for Management (WS-Management) Requires installation of Web Services for Add-PSSnapin Microsoft.WSMan.Management Management (WS-Management) role

DEMO:built-inmodules

Further ReadingWindows PowerShell in Action, Second EditionBruce Payettehttp://www.manning.com/payette2/Windows PowerShell Cookbook, Second EditionLee Holmeshttp://oreilly.com/catalog/9780596801519Administrators Guide to Windows PowerShell RemotingDr. Tobias Weltner, Aleksandar Nikolic, Richard Gileshttp://powershell.com/cs/media/p/4908.aspx

Requirements• Windows PowerShell requires Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 SP1• PowerShell ISE requires Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 SP1• Out-GridView requires Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 SP1• Get-WinEvent requires Vista or newer and Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5• Get-Counter and Import-Counter require Vista or newer• Export-Counter requires Windows 7

Microsoft Resources• Microsoft Windows PowerShell – http://www.microsoft.com/powershell• Windows PowerShell Team Blog – http://blogs.msdn.com/PowerShell• MS TechNet Script Center – http://www.microsoft.com/technet/scriptcenter/hubs/msh.mspx• PowerShell Forum – http://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/winserverpowershell/• Windows PowerShell Survival Guide – http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/windows- powershell-survival-guide.aspx

Community Resources• PowerShell Community – http://powershellcommunity.org• PowerShell Code Repository – http://poshcode.org• PowerShell.com Community – http://powershell.com• PowerGUI.org Community – http://powergui.org• PowerShell Magazine – http://powershellmagazine.com• irc.freenode.net #PowerShell

Thank you for your attention.

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Automating Windows Server 2008 R2 Administration with Windows PowerShell

by alexandair on Nov 03, 2011

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Automating Windows Server 2008 R2 Administration with Windows PowerShell — Presentation Transcript