Web 2.0 Mapping for Travel, Tourism and More Alan A. Lew Northern Arizona University http://AlanLew.com

Outline Web 2.0 User Generated Maps Mapping 2.0 Mashups Location Based Services Virtual Worlds Online Digital Mapping Issues

Web 2.0

User Generated Maps

Mapping 2.0 Mashups

Location Based Services

Virtual Worlds

Online Digital Mapping Issues

1. Web 2.0

“ Web 2.0 ” Web 2.0 Second Revolution in Internet growth New Levels & Forms of Access to information Internet = invisible part of every day life New Concepts, Applications, Websites, Channels Social software Blogging, Ajax Folksonomy / Tagging Ruby on Rails Location Based services Open source Digital media sharing Democratizing the Tools of Production User Generated & Contributed Data “ Ideas Over Costs” Online business without venture capital “ A Billion Niches” Custom streams, not mass markets Enabled by High Speed Internet

Web 2.0

Second Revolution in Internet growth

New Levels & Forms of Access to information

Internet = invisible part of every day life

New Concepts, Applications, Websites, Channels

Social software Blogging,

Ajax Folksonomy / Tagging

Ruby on Rails Location Based services

Open source Digital media sharing

Democratizing the Tools of Production

User Generated & Contributed Data

“ Ideas Over Costs”

Online business without venture capital

“ A Billion Niches”

Custom streams, not mass markets

Enabled by High Speed Internet

Social Software “…lets people rendezvous, connect or collaborate by use of a computer network” “software that supports group interaction” ( wikipedia.org ) Instant Messaging Internet Relay Chat chat rooms Internet Forums bulletin boards Social Network Services MySpaces Social Guides / Recommendation Systems TripAdvisor, Yelp Social Bookmarking Folksonomy / Tagging Del.icio.us, Google Notebook Social Reputation Network eBay Weblogs Blogs, Podcasts, Vlogs/Videocasts Social Citations Citeulike.org – online references Peer-to-Peer Social Networks file sharing – photos, games Virtual Presence meeting in online worlds like Second Life Virtual Worlds & Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs) World of Warcraft, Webkinz VOIP – Internet Telephony Skype, GizmoProject Wikis Collaborative Writing/Editing Google Docs, Wikipedia

Instant Messaging

Internet Relay Chat

chat rooms

Internet Forums

bulletin boards

Social Network Services

MySpaces

Social Guides / Recommendation Systems

TripAdvisor, Yelp

Social Bookmarking

Folksonomy / Tagging

Del.icio.us, Google Notebook

Social Reputation Network

eBay

Weblogs

Blogs, Podcasts, Vlogs/Videocasts

Social Citations

Citeulike.org – online references

Peer-to-Peer Social Networks

file sharing – photos, games

Virtual Presence

meeting in online worlds like Second Life

Virtual Worlds & Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs)

World of Warcraft, Webkinz

VOIP – Internet Telephony

Skype, GizmoProject

Wikis

Collaborative Writing/Editing

Google Docs, Wikipedia

2. User Generated Maps

User Generated Maps Basic Mapping Tools maps.Google.com , maps.Yahoo.com , Microsoft ( local.live.com ), maps.Ask.com and Mapquest.com Heated competition - new feature rollouts make comparisons a moving target Most offer User Map Creation, Saving & Sharing User Created Maps MyWorld66 on World66.com Visited Countries choropleth mapping tool 43Places.com – point maps of places visited or want to visit MyLifeOfTravel.com – Point & Line Maps tracing trips Map Mashups Flagr.com - Point maps of places visited and remembered JumpClaimerer.com - SMS/text message Trip tracking LicketyTrip.com Uses Google maps to show Last Minute Vacation Rentals Collective / Shared Intelligence of Users

Basic Mapping Tools

maps.Google.com , maps.Yahoo.com , Microsoft ( local.live.com ), maps.Ask.com and Mapquest.com

Heated competition - new feature rollouts make comparisons a moving target

Most offer User Map Creation, Saving & Sharing

User Created Maps

MyWorld66 on World66.com

Visited Countries choropleth mapping tool

43Places.com – point maps of places visited or want to visit

MyLifeOfTravel.com – Point & Line Maps tracing trips

Map Mashups

Flagr.com - Point maps of places visited and remembered

JumpClaimerer.com - SMS/text message Trip tracking

LicketyTrip.com

Uses Google maps to show Last Minute Vacation Rentals

Collective / Shared Intelligence of Users

Travel Mapping

Social Network Travel Sites 43Places.com list & discuss places to go & places have been (mapped) travel tips & place descriptions VirtualTourist.com - 700,000+ members Each Day: 1,000+ travel tips, 2,000+ forum postings, 1,000+ page comments, 75+ new travel deals, & 400+ new members Yelp.com - restaurants, dentists, hairstylists, & anything local I Love Travel Stories - “The best new travel writing on the web? You choose. You decide.”

43Places.com

list & discuss places to go & places have been (mapped)

travel tips & place descriptions

VirtualTourist.com - 700,000+ members

Each Day: 1,000+ travel tips, 2,000+ forum postings, 1,000+ page comments, 75+ new travel deals, & 400+ new members

Yelp.com - restaurants, dentists, hairstylists, & anything local

I Love Travel Stories - “The best new travel writing on the web? You choose. You decide.”

Lifecasting

3. Mapping 2.0 Mashups

The Web as a Platform Housingmaps.com First Online Map Mashup Combined 2 others sites to create a new site Google Maps + CraigsList.com

Housingmaps.com

First Online Map Mashup

Combined 2 others sites to create a new site

Google Maps + CraigsList.com

Web 2.0 Mashups – 3 Types Consumer Mashups Best known – Available as Websites for all users The many Google Maps applications data elements from multiple sources hidden behind a simple unified graphical interface Data Mashups Mixes data of similar types from different sources Yahoo Pipes e.g., combining the data from multiple RSS feeds (such as blogs and news websites) into a single feed with a graphical front end Enterprise Mashups Integrates data from internal and external sources e.g., create a market share report by combining an external list of all houses sold in the last week with internal data about which houses one agency sold JackBe

Consumer Mashups

Best known – Available as Websites for all users

The many Google Maps applications

data elements from multiple sources hidden behind a simple unified graphical interface

Data Mashups

Mixes data of similar types from different sources

Yahoo Pipes

e.g., combining the data from multiple RSS feeds (such as blogs and news websites) into a single feed with a graphical front end

Enterprise Mashups

Integrates data from internal and external sources

e.g., create a market share report by combining an external list of all houses sold in the last week with internal data about which houses one agency sold

JackBe

Real Estate Data

Maps for Travelers

YouTube Video Map Mashups

4. Location Based Services

Location Based Services Mobile Phone Location Information Mapquest Find Me (findme.mapquest.com) - to find restaurants, etc - US$4/month Cell phone or web; GPS & Cell tower IDs; POI information Can save locations from phone or via web Location history can be shared with selected others Where.com – Cell phone based POI information, maps, routes & buddy SMS GPS Tracking Vehicle and Transportation Tracking AtRode.com Teen Arrive Alive - how fast kids are driving PawTracks.com – for pets – sms from a pet collar if pet passes a boundary Geotagging – mostly photos GeoSnapper - GPS Cell phone Photo tagging Tourists & Business uses real estate, insurance adjustors

Mobile Phone Location Information

Mapquest Find Me (findme.mapquest.com) - to find restaurants, etc - US$4/month

Cell phone or web; GPS & Cell tower IDs; POI information

Can save locations from phone or via web

Location history can be shared with selected others

Where.com – Cell phone based POI information, maps, routes & buddy SMS

GPS Tracking

Vehicle and Transportation Tracking

AtRode.com

Teen Arrive Alive - how fast kids are driving

PawTracks.com – for pets – sms from a pet collar if pet passes a boundary

Geotagging – mostly photos

GeoSnapper - GPS Cell phone Photo tagging

Tourists & Business uses

real estate, insurance adjustors

Location Based Service Data GPS, SMS/Cell tower information GPS for outside & Cell towers for inside buildings Maps Sources / Location Data Sets Maps, directions, addresses, points of interest (poi), third party data Requires Data Center Reliability Level at 99.999% or better All must be Normalized Customer User Profiles Privacy requirements and options Day/Work v. Night/Home times Data update frequency Too quickly will drain phone battery Desired information View location, directions, poi’s On phone, dial in, sms, auto notice

GPS, SMS/Cell tower information

GPS for outside & Cell towers for inside buildings

Maps Sources / Location Data Sets

Maps, directions, addresses, points of interest (poi), third party data

Requires Data Center Reliability Level at 99.999% or better

All must be Normalized

Customer User Profiles

Privacy requirements and options

Day/Work v. Night/Home times

Data update frequency

Too quickly will drain phone battery

Desired information

View location, directions, poi’s

On phone, dial in, sms, auto notice

Travel Information Search in the Digital Environment Pre-Trip En Route and On-Site Post-Trip Planning Image, expectation-formation Anticipation Decision-making Transaction Connection Navigation Short-term decision making Documentation – artifact collection Sharing Creativity/innovation On-site transaction Value creation Sharing Documentation External memory Re-experiencing Attachment/identity Meaning making Narrative Source for this slide: Daniel Fesenmaier, Temple University

Planning

Image, expectation-formation

Anticipation

Decision-making

Transaction

Connection

Navigation

Short-term decision making

Documentation – artifact collection

Sharing

Creativity/innovation

On-site transaction

Value creation

Sharing

Documentation

External memory

Re-experiencing

Attachment/identity

Meaning making

Narrative

Implications for Destination Marketing: Extending Concepts to the Mobile Domain

5. Virtual Worlds

Virtual Worlds Mirror Worlds: or the Day Software Puts the Universe in a Shoebox...How It Will Happen and What It Will Mean - by David Gelernter (1991) MS Virtual Earth 2D + 3D model of earth Windows Live Local = consumer Real time traffic 30 countires with mapping + driving directions Mostly N.America + Europe Focus on Aerial Photography 80% birdseye coverage of Europe + US - 6” resolution per pixel Supplemented by Satellite (1 meter resolution) and street side photography Users can save own data to maps Can be linked to live data sources for tracking traffic + weather

Mirror Worlds: or the Day Software Puts the Universe in a Shoebox...How It Will Happen and What It Will Mean - by David Gelernter (1991)

MS Virtual Earth

2D + 3D model of earth

Windows Live Local = consumer

Real time traffic

30 countires with mapping + driving directions

Mostly N.America + Europe

Focus on Aerial Photography

80% birdseye coverage of Europe + US - 6” resolution per pixel

Supplemented by Satellite (1 meter resolution)

and street side photography

Users can save own data to maps

Can be linked to live data sources for tracking traffic + weather

Google Earth Google’s Mission: Organize the World’s Information and make it user accessible Geography as a Filter of: History, News, Photographs Viewing in Geographic Context Google Maps = any one can access online Many map mashups – any browser Main Google mapping product location searches & driving directions Google Earth ( Earth.google.com) Downloadable Client Browser/Application 3-D Virtual Planet Google’s extreme, state of the art, mapping product Started at Silicon Graphics company, then Keyhole, then Google Traditional Geographic Data Google Spatial Geometry XML schema – public domain on Google Earth website Points, Polygons, other? Recently 3-d building data Integration with Google maps

Google’s Mission: Organize the World’s Information and make it user accessible

Geography as a Filter of:

History, News, Photographs

Viewing in Geographic Context

Google Maps = any one can access online

Many map mashups – any browser

Main Google mapping product

location searches & driving directions

Google Earth ( Earth.google.com)

Downloadable Client Browser/Application

3-D Virtual Planet

Google’s extreme, state of the art, mapping product

Started at Silicon Graphics company, then Keyhole, then Google

Traditional Geographic Data

Google Spatial Geometry

XML schema – public domain

on Google Earth website

Points, Polygons, other?

Recently 3-d building data

Integration with Google maps

Virtual Worlds 360 degree photos http://ChicagoTravelers.com Hotel video reviews http://Trivop.com MMOGs World of Warcraft 3-D Social Worlds Second Life Starwood Hotels -> Sheraton + Westin

360 degree photos

http://ChicagoTravelers.com

Hotel video reviews

http://Trivop.com

MMOGs

World of Warcraft

3-D Social Worlds

Second Life

Starwood Hotels ->

Sheraton + Westin

Earthmine.com Pre-collects a base layer of 3D panoramic images geospatially accurate and complete street-level 3D data mine of our urban environments every street, alley and freeway every pixel in every image has highly accurate longitude, latitude and depth information data Mapping, measuring, drawing, tagging, modeling and exporting of 3D entities from the earthmine data libraries Integrate with any browser-based application and major GIS applications

Pre-collects a base layer of 3D panoramic images

geospatially accurate and complete street-level 3D data mine of our urban environments

every street, alley and freeway

every pixel in every image has highly accurate longitude, latitude and depth information data

Mapping, measuring, drawing, tagging, modeling and exporting of 3D entities from the earthmine data libraries

Integrate with any browser-based application and major GIS applications

6. Online Digital Mapping Issues

Traditional GIS & Online Mapping Traditional GIS Companies – explosion in 80s Missed the boat on online GIS Too complicated for common use Development of Underground Online GIS Do not like “GIS” acronym GIS acronym will go away Map = Metaphor for the Content Just like a Report or a Chart Content is what is important The Map Mashup = Liberating the Content Developers Clamoring to do Online Mapping Google, Yahoo!, Microsoft – APIs allow maps API = Application Programming Interface

Traditional GIS Companies – explosion in 80s

Missed the boat on online GIS

Too complicated for common use

Development of Underground Online GIS

Do not like “GIS” acronym

GIS acronym will go away

Map = Metaphor for the Content

Just like a Report or a Chart

Content is what is important

The Map Mashup = Liberating the Content

Developers Clamoring to do Online Mapping

Google, Yahoo!, Microsoft – APIs allow maps

API = Application Programming Interface

Online Digital Map Sources All GPS digital maps come from 2 sources Tele Atlas - Belgium-base Bought by TomTom GPS NavTeq - Chicago-based Bought by Nokia Fear of Restriction of Access to other companies Emphasis on Maps for Nokia + TomTom devices Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) FreeDemographics.com Information Commons (Maya Design group) Access to Public Data for Political Decision Making Users can add Information Data Way for People to Correct their own Geodata Data Consumers = Data Producers = Data Owners

All GPS digital maps come from 2 sources

Tele Atlas - Belgium-base

Bought by TomTom GPS

NavTeq - Chicago-based

Bought by Nokia

Fear of Restriction of Access to other companies

Emphasis on Maps for Nokia + TomTom devices

Public Participation GIS (PPGIS)

FreeDemographics.com

Information Commons (Maya Design group)

Access to Public Data for Political Decision Making

Users can add Information Data

Way for People to Correct their own Geodata

Data Consumers = Data Producers = Data Owners

Mapping & User Privacy Computer or Cell Phone Location Broadcasting Who will know this information boss?, spouse?, parents?, friends?, press?, police?, world? Are we public all the time? Where is information held? What country (China)? And for how long? Can users censor this? spoof it? Not just Where, but What we are doing Justin.tv & ijustine.tv - Lifecasting Twitter.com – What are you doing now? WAYN.com – Where Are You Now? What do the users Want? Need? Opt-in or Opt-out default? Street-Level Photography Social Software Personal information held by a third party (not you) Government can access this data for security and surveillance Not well protected by law -- better in Europe

Computer or Cell Phone Location Broadcasting

Who will know this information

boss?, spouse?, parents?, friends?, press?, police?, world?

Are we public all the time?

Where is information held?

What country (China)? And for how long?

Can users censor this? spoof it?

Not just Where, but What we are doing

Justin.tv & ijustine.tv - Lifecasting

Twitter.com – What are you doing now?

WAYN.com – Where Are You Now?

What do the users Want? Need?

Opt-in or Opt-out default?

Street-Level Photography

Social Software

Personal information held by a third party (not you)

Government can access this data for security and surveillance

Not well protected by law -- better in Europe

A New Geography ? Kenichi Ohmae: The Invisible Continent (2001) Old Continents: Land Based, State Power The New Continent Borderless & Cyber-based Easy movement of info. across all kinds of borders national & corporate Easy to enter – Open to All Must give up old thinking Governance & Infrastructure under development Carve your own territory Highly Individualistic Values No domination by social groups or elites Value not based on traditional profit models

Kenichi Ohmae: The Invisible Continent (2001)

Old Continents: Land Based, State Power

The New Continent

Borderless & Cyber-based

Easy movement of info. across all kinds of borders

national & corporate

Easy to enter – Open to All

Must give up old thinking

Governance & Infrastructure under development

Carve your own territory

Highly Individualistic Values

No domination by social groups or elites

Value not based on traditional profit models

RESOURCES 2D Mapping Google Maps, Microsoft Maps.Live, Yahoo Local, Mapquest 3D Mapping Google Earth http://earth.google.com/ Microsoft – Virtual Earth – 2D and 3D http://maps.live.com Mashups Awards for Online Mapping Apps Mapping http://mashupawards.com/category/geo-targeting/ Travel http://mashupawards.com/category/travel/ Real Estate http://mashupawards.com/category/real-estate/ Weather http://mashupawards.com/category/weather/ Mashable.com – 50+ Online Map Tools http://mashable.com/2007/07/23/online-maps/

2D Mapping

Google Maps, Microsoft Maps.Live, Yahoo Local, Mapquest

3D Mapping

Google Earth

http://earth.google.com/

Microsoft – Virtual Earth – 2D and 3D

http://maps.live.com

Mashups Awards for Online Mapping Apps

Mapping

http://mashupawards.com/category/geo-targeting/

Travel

http://mashupawards.com/category/travel/

Real Estate

http://mashupawards.com/category/real-estate/

Weather

http://mashupawards.com/category/weather/

Mashable.com – 50+ Online Map Tools

http://mashable.com/2007/07/23/online-maps/