1. Group: MJ04
Aaron Murenbeeld
Mohamad Ferdos Alam
Muhammad R. Arif
Hussain Alhelal
Kaveh Arfaei
Ahmad Al Adel
Mechanical Engineering 3E05
1

2. Agenda
 Introduction
 Existing designs
 Problems
 Improvements
 Final Design
 Conclusion
 Questions
2

3. Introduction
 Water flows through the hose
 Flow causes the sprinkler arms to
rotate
 Resulting rotation drives a gearing
system which in turn drives the
sprinkler
 The front wheel provides steering
for the system
3

4. Competitor’s Designs
 Products by Nielson and John Deere
 Cast iron body
 Weight
 Yellow ~ 9 kgs John Deere (Green)
 Green ~ 7 kgs
 Nylon gears
 Wheel Designs
 Wheelbase
 Track length
Nielson (Yellow)
4

5. Problems
 Low water pressure
 i.e. Residential vs. Agricultural neighbourhood
 Derailing Problem in sharp bends
 A factor of wheelbase and track length
 Angle of ascent
 A factor of gear ratio and available system torque
 Gear system
 Weak nylon gears
5

6. Design Objectives
 Optimize the sprinkler system
 Redesign of Sprinkler Arms
 New Gear box for desired torque
 Angle of ascent
 Turning Radius: Length of the wheel base
6

7. Sprinkler Arm
 Redesign of Sprinkler Arms
 Bend Angle (φ angle)
 Optimum Bend Angle = 45 o
 Water Projection Angle (α)
 Optimum Angle = 10 to 16 o
 Exit Nozzle Diameter
 Optimum Diameter = 3 mm
 Arm length
 Optimum Length = 223 mm
7

8. Water Projection Radius, Torque and Flow Rate vs. Angle α
16
16
14 14
Magnitude of Radius, Torque, and Flow Rate
12 12
Radius, Torque, and Flow Rate
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2
2
0
0
0 10 20 30 40
0 10 20 30 40
Water Projection Angle, α (Degrees)
Angle α (Degrees)
Water Projection Radius (m)
Torque (Gain 10) (N·m)
φ =45o Flow Rate (Gain 10) (L/s) φ =40o 8

9. Nozzle Diameter
Water Projection Radius, Torque and Flow Rate vs. Nozzel
Diameter
20
18
16
Radius, Torque, and Flow Rate
14
12
10 Water Projection Radius (m)
Torque (Gain 10) (N·m)
8
Flow Rate (Gain 10) (L/s)
6
4
2
0
2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2
φ =45o
Nozzel Diameter (mm) 9

10. Arm Length
Water Projection Radius, Torque and Flow Rate vs. Arm Length
12
10
Radius, Torque, and Flow Rate
8
6 Water Projection Radius (m)
Torque (Gain 10) (N·m)
Flow Rate (Gain 10) (L/s)
4
2
0
190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 φ =45o
Arm Length (mm)
10

11. Design Options
 Redesign of the Sprinkler Arms
 Alternate Designs
2 armed Sprinkler 3 armed Sprinkler
4 armed Sprinkler Curved armed Sprinkler 11

12. Determine System Speed
 Water depth ~= 13 to 26mm
 Optimum Radius = 9m
12

13. Relate System Speed to Gear Ratio
 Gear ratio was chosen from Sprinkler speed vs gear ratio
1.2
desired system velocity
 Two gear ratios were chosen 1
that provide the following
Forward Velocity (m/min)
0.8
watering depths
0.6
 26mm Green System
New System
 13mm 0.4
0.2
0
400 600 800 1000 1200
Gear Ratio (1:x)
13

14. Gearbox
 New gearbox for desired torque
 Yellow System
 Gear Ratio
 High Gear 1:488
 Low Gear 1:894
 Nylon Gears
 System failed as indicated
 New and Improved
 Gear Ratio
 High Gear 1:783
 Low Gear 1:1102
 Nylon MDS
14

15. Gear analysis
 New and Improved
 Gear Ratio
 High Gear 1:783
 Low Gear 1:1102
 Nylon MDS
 System will fail at
indicated gear
 Gear efficiencies
 One way gearing ratio
 Gear shifting
15

16. Torque Analysis
 Torque in new system
is approximately 2
times higher than old
system
Number of
Teeth Width (mm)
Gears Old New Old New
Worm 1 1
A 43 53 6 16
B 16 16 8 14
C 24 22 4 13.5
D 36 43 4 13.5
E 44 44 4 14
F 16 16 8 15
G 44 44 8 15
H 16 16 18 25
I 44 44 15 25
16

17. Angle of Ascent
 Angle of Ascent
 Yellow/Green comes to a stop at 22 degrees
 limited by torque μ
Angle of
Slippage
 New Design comes to stop when it slips 1 45o
 Limited by coefficient 0.55 28.8o
of friction (ground and wheel) 0.3 16.7o
 Important that center of gravity does not sit past the rear
axel, when on a slope.
 Not a problem for the new system, CG well ahead of rear axel.
17

18. Spike Configuration
Wheel Design
 Wheel Design
 Front Wheel Yellow Green
 Rear Wheel
 Spike Design
 Parallel paths/Singular paths
 Wheels are Nylon MDS
18

19. Turning Radius
 Turning Radius: Length of the wheel base
 Wheel Base
Wheel Base , W = 230 mm (new)
 Track length
 Track length , L= 195.5 mm
 Resultant Turning Radius = 1.17 m
 Yellow System
 Wheel Base
 Wheel Base , W = 350 mm
 Track length
 Track length , L= 205 mm
 Resultant Turning Radius = 2.48 m
19

20. Body Design
 New Body Design
 Lighter
 Lower Center of gravity
 Maintenance
 Materials
 Body : Nylon MDS
 Block : Cast Iron
20

21. Body Design John Deere (Green)
 Three bodies tried
 Yellow body (9kg)
 Green body (7kg)
 New Body (4.6kg)
Nielson (Yellow)
Light Test Body
21

22. Conclusion
 Low water pressure
 New sprinkler arms
 Derailing Problem in sharp
bends
 Smaller wheel base
 Angle of ascent
 Torque increased
 Gear system
 New gear ratio
 Nylon MDS gears
22

23. Thank you,
Questions?
23

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