Tips On Research

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    Tips On Research - Presentation Transcript

    1. ‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ:‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺣﺮﻳﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻮﻓﻨﺘﺮﻱ‬
    2. ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺮﻕ ﺟﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    3. ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﺒﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ.‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻑ/ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫)ﻣﺜﻼ: ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ(‬ ‫)ﻣﺜﻼ: ﺇﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺣﻠﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ(‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    4. ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ )ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ(:‬ ‫ﺇﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    5. ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﻴﺘﺒﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺜﻪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﻭ ﻣﻔﺼّﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻩ.‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻷﺧﺬﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺮﻳﺮ:‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ؟‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    6. ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺮ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺮﻳﺮ ﻳﻮﺣﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻡ ﺇﻟﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻩ!‬ ‫ﺇﻥ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻻ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻗﻤﺖ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ، ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺛﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺤﺔ ﻭ ﺩﻗﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺗﻚ ؟؟؟‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    7. ‫ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‬ ‫)ﻟﺪﻳﻚ 9 ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺟﺴﺘﻴﺮ(‬ ‫ﻻ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻁﻮﻳﻞ ﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﺔ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻭ ﺃﺛﺒﺘﺖ ﻧﺠﺎﺣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﺑﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻹﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ:‬ ‫• ﻻ ﺗﻬﻤﻞ ﺃﺑﺪﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺮﻳﺮ ﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ.‬ ‫• ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺒﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﺿﻌﻴﻔﺔ ﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺳﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ.‬ ‫• ﻳﺘﻢ ﺧﺼﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻄﻼﺏ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺋﻴﺔ.‬ ‫• ﻻ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺭ ﻓﻲ 01 ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ. ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺻﻔﺤﺘﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    8. ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺮﻕ ﺟﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    9. ‫ﻣﻦ ﻁﺮﻕ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ:‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ:‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﻴﺔ )ﻳﺪﻭﻳﺎ(‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪﻳﺔ )‪(Postal‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺳﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﻛﺲ )‪(Fax‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ )‪(Online‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    10. ‫ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ.‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻭﺿﺢ ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺒﻖ:‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻛﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻟﻬﺎ.‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻹﻛﺜﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ.‬ ‫ﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﺒﻜﺮﺍ.‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    11. ‫ﺃﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺁﺭﺍءﻫﻢ:‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻫﻞ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ؟‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻫﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ؟ ﻫﻞ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺻﻴﺎﻏﺔ؟‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺠﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻙ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ )ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎﻥ( ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺠﺎﻝ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺩ.‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    12. ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺮﻕ ﺟﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    13. ‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺰ:‬ ‫1( ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴّﺰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ:‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ )‪ (Sample‬ﺑﺄﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻳﻀﻤﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫)‪ (Population‬ﺑﻄﺒﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎﺩﻝ.‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺰ: ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ 001 ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺣﺠﻤﻪ 4 ﺃﻻﻑ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟـﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ )ﺍﻗﺎﺭﺏ، ﺍﺻﺪﻗﺎء، ﺍﻟﺦ...(!‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻁﺮﻕ ﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪) Sample‬ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ(.‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    14. ‫2( ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴّﺰ ﻓﻲ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ:‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻁﺮﻕ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻟﻬﺎ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻷﻱ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻛﺎﻥ.‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﺜﻼ: ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﺇﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ!‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    15. ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻻ ﺗﻤﺜّﻞ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ!‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻭ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ.‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺗﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ.‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ: ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻣﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ 05 ﺷﺮﻛﺔ )009 ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ( ﻭ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﺗﺤﻴّﺰ، ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻥ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻤﻢّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ.‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    16. ‫ﺃﻋﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ )‪.(Sampling Methods‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﻬﺎ )ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻼ(.‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴّﺰ، ﻭﻓّﺮ ﻁﺮﻕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻟﺘﺠﻨّﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴّﺰ.‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﺜﻼ: ﺇﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ + ﺇﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﻗﻴﺔ.‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    17. ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﺤﻴﺰ ﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺮﻳﺮ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺟﻴﺪ. )ﺭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺟﺴﺘﻴﺮ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ(‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴّﺰ ﺇﻣﺎ:‬ ‫ﻭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﻩ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﻻ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﺘﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫)ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﻢ(‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺰ، ﻷﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ:‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ.‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺠﻨّﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴّﺰ‬ ‫)ﻛﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﺜﻼ(.‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    18. ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻡ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ !‪Avoid‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫◦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻭ ﻳﺪّﻋﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﻤﻬﺎ.‬ ‫◦ ﻳﻜـﺘﺸﻒ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ )ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﻴﻦ( ﺑﺄﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺗﺤﻴﺰ ﻭ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻌﻤّﻢ.‬ ‫◦ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺟﻴّﺪﺓ ﻭ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻠﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻁﺮﻗﻪ.‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    19. ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺮﻕ ﺟﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    20. ‫ﻫﻞ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺗﺒﺎﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴّﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ؟‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    21. :‫ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ :‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻪ‬ Limitations and Problems Abdulrahman Hariri DrHariri.com
    22. ‫ﺟﺰء ﻳﻨﺼﺢ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳّﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ:‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﻬﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻭ ﺃﺳﺘﻄﺎﻉ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯﻫﺎ.‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﻬﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻭ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯﻫﺎ:‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻟﻀﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳّﺎﺕ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ:‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ.‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮﺟﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ.‬ ‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ )ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺰ(.‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    23. ‫ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺕ:‬ ‫ﻛﻦ ﺻﺮﻳﺤﺎ ﻭ ﺃﻣﻴﻨﺎ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﺗﻘﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ.‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻭّﺿﺢ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺑﺎﻹﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺠﻨّﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ.‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺟﺰﺍء ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ )ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﺜﻼ(:‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟـ‪ Literature Review‬ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﻭ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺑﺤﺎﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ.‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    24. ‫ﺍﻛﺘﻔﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺠﻬﺎ.‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ 05 ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﻓﻲ 5 ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ؟!! ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻝ!‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﺮﺩﻙ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺘﻚ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ، ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﺑﺄﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺤﻴّﺰ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ.‬ ‫...‪Example: Although the mentioned limitations, the study provides‬‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    25. ‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻭ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ )‪(Value of This Work‬‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻔﺼّﻞ.‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ:‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻝ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻠﺪﻙ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻡ ﺃﻧﻚ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ )ﻭ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻝ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ(؟‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻲ ﻁﺒﻘﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻠﺪﺍﻥ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ )ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻼ( ﺑﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ، ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ، ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ، ﺍﻟﺦ...‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    26. ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺮﻕ ﺟﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    27. ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ Endnote‬ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﻭ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﺴﻬﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ.‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻭ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻻ ﺗﺼﺪﻕ ﺃﻱ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺗﻘﺮﺃﻩ:‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺗﺜﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺃﺛﺒﺘﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺗﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚ؟‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻓﻜّﺮ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﻭ ﺣﻠّﻞ )‪:(Critical Analysis‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿّﺢ ﺇﻟﻤﺎﻣﻚ ﻭ ﻓﻬﻤﻚ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﺷﺊ ﻣﻬﻢ.‬ ‫◦ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﻭ ﻭﺿﺢ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎ.‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ:‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ.‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻭﺿﺢ ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠﺼﺤﺔ.‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    28. ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺮﻕ ﺟﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    29. ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ )ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ‪(Qualtrics‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻞ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺘﻬﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﺒﻜﺮﺍ ﻭ ﺳﻠﻤﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻑ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫◦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻓﻴﻦ ﺇﺟﺎﺯﺗﻬﻢ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ، ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﺮﻓﻚ!‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    30. ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻳﻀﻴﻒ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ )ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ(، ﺑﺸﺮﻁ:‬ ‫◦ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ.‬ ‫◦ ﺭﺑﻂ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ.‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ.‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺇﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓ:‬ ‫◦ ﻛﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﻊ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻘﻼﻟﻴﺔ )‪ (Chi-Square for Independence‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫◦ ﻛﻨﺪﻝ ﺗﺎﻭ ﺑﻲ )‪ (Kendell Tau-B‬ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻁﺮﺩﻳﺔ/ﻋﻜﺴﻴﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺫﻛﺮﺗﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺿﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
    31. ‫ﻳﺴﻌﺪﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ :‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫◦ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻨﺘﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ.‬ ‫◦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺵ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻲ.‬ ‫‪Abdulrahman Hariri‬‬ ‫‪DrHariri.com‬‬
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