SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 19
Staying Sharp,[object Object],Limiting cognitive declineassociated with age,[object Object]
Before we begin on how to enhance cognitive function in the ageing brain.,[object Object],How and why does the brain age?,[object Object],Neurons, In Vitro Color! via flickr,[object Object]
Brain Ageing – Fact or Fiction?,[object Object],If the bodychanges…  So does the brain,[object Object],This causes changes in memory, concentration, problem solving and so on,[object Object]
So what happens on a biological level?,[object Object],After age 60 brain volume ↓0.5–1% per year,[object Object],Greatest loss in frontal lobe (central control),[object Object],Hippocampus(memory centre),[object Object],• Dendrites and axons shrink,[object Object],• Nerve fibres degrade after ~age 50,[object Object],↓ 4-10% ,[object Object],Brain weightbetween  30s and 80s,[object Object]
The consequences…,[object Object],Slowed reaction time,[object Object],Decline in working memory and selective attention,[object Object],Decrements in sensory systems,[object Object],Vision, hearing & speech comprehension,[object Object],Motor functions,[object Object],↓Vestibular sense,[object Object],↓Motor processing,[object Object],↓balance ∝ WM atrophy,[object Object],Neurons, Wired Magazine,[object Object]
It’s not all bad news…,[object Object],The ageing brain can also have power,[object Object],Greater flexibility,[object Object],More relativistic,[object Object],More reflective,[object Object],Tolerance of ambiguity to manage relationships,[object Object],More positive bias,[object Object]
Differences between individuals,[object Object],Cognitive reserve describes the mind's resilience to damage of the brain.,[object Object],This can vary between individuals for a number of reasons. Evidence in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients suggests that;,[object Object],Low Education -> ↑risk for AD,[object Object],Low IQ -> higher incidence of dementia,[object Object],Mental stimulation ->better health outcomes,[object Object],“TV rots your Brain”,[object Object],Each hour of TV/day in midlife ↑AD risk 1.3 times,[object Object]
Improving the mind: The Basics,[object Object],Aerobic exercise,[object Object],Mental stimulation,[object Object],New learning,[object Object],Reduce stress,[object Object],Keep socially active,[object Object],Healthy diet,[object Object],Think positively,[object Object],Neuron & Glial cells,[object Object]
Go for a jog,[object Object],At the minimum try to engage in moderate exercise 3-4 times/week for 30mins,[object Object],Moderate exercise is exercise that gets you slightly ‘puffed’ and the heart beating.,[object Object],If doesn’t have to be running, it can be any exercise that is strenuous, though aerobic exercises are better.,[object Object]
Exercise the mind…,[object Object],Just as physical exercise is important for a strong body mental exercise is essential for a sharp mind.,[object Object],Some activities that may exercise you mind include;,[object Object],Play scrabble or do crossword puzzles,[object Object],Volunteer,[object Object],Interact with others,[object Object],Start a new hobby – reading, writing, bird watching and so on.,[object Object],Learn a new skill or language,[object Object]
Combining Exercise with Mental Stimulation,[object Object],Aerobic Exercise,[object Object],Complex Movements (mental stimulation of the motor cortex & cerebellum),[object Object],Social Interaction,[object Object],Findings by Dr Michael Valenzuela of UNSW suggests that activities like Highland Dancing that incorporate 3cognitive processes, may help the brain the most.,[object Object]
(un) Stress,[object Object]
Enjoy the simple pleasures…,[object Object],Stress is a major factor in leaving us feeling drained, both physically and mentally.,[object Object],So try to sit back and relax and enjoy the good things in your life. Listen to a favourite album, go on a hiking trip, just find the good in the world around you, and harness it to reduce stress.,[object Object],(un) stress by HRC,[object Object]
Stay Social,[object Object],It is important to stay social and interact with people around you.,[object Object],Whether it be family, friends or members of your local sports club.,[object Object],The benefits from social interaction can be as great as the benefits from intellectual activities.,[object Object],Mental Exercising Through Simple Socializing: Social Interaction Promotes General Cognitive Functioning,[object Object]
Diet: The building blocks ,[object Object],Nutrition plays an important role in maintaining healthy brain function.,[object Object],The best foundation is to stick with the dietician’s mantra “Go for 2 Fruit & 5 Veg” ,[object Object]
A little more to snack on….,[object Object],Some other foods and nutrients that have shown in various studies a possibility of enhancing brain function include;,[object Object],Almonds (incl Almond Milk) -> improves memory,[object Object],Apple Juice -> increase acetylcholine (a neurotransmitter) production,[object Object],B Vitamins,[object Object],Omega-3 & Omega-6 (e.g. in fish),[object Object],Broccoli,[object Object],Finally a low calorie intake has been suggested to be beneficial to cognitive function.,[object Object]
Have a lie down….,[object Object],Sleep is a very important process for consolidating long-term memories, and allowing your brain to refresh.,[object Object],The average person should sleep somewhere between 6.5hrs to 9hrs,[object Object],Any sleep that is less or longer than these timeframes typically correlates to increases in mortality. But do what is comfortable for you.,[object Object]
Most Importantly,[object Object],BE HAPPY!,[object Object]
Disclosure,[object Object],I’m not a Medical Professional or a Doctor. Anything that is mentioned in this presentation, I have learnt during my university studies. As such, some studies may still require further scientific evidence.,[object Object],If you are unsure about anything I would advise you to go see your local medical practitioner.,[object Object],Hope you enjoyed this short presentation.,[object Object],Cheers,,[object Object],Aaron,[object Object]

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

Understanding the Physical Impacts of Ageing: A Course for Carers
Understanding the Physical Impacts of Ageing: A Course for CarersUnderstanding the Physical Impacts of Ageing: A Course for Carers
Understanding the Physical Impacts of Ageing: A Course for CarersIHNA Australia
 
Paediatric Basic Life Support & First Aid
Paediatric Basic Life Support & First AidPaediatric Basic Life Support & First Aid
Paediatric Basic Life Support & First AidAaron Sparshott
 
Psychological issues in elderly
Psychological issues in elderly Psychological issues in elderly
Psychological issues in elderly Doha Rasheedy
 
Basic Life Support & First Aid
Basic Life Support & First AidBasic Life Support & First Aid
Basic Life Support & First AidAaron Sparshott
 
Igcse Population Change Review
Igcse Population Change ReviewIgcse Population Change Review
Igcse Population Change ReviewEcumene
 
Brain Rules for Presenters
Brain Rules for PresentersBrain Rules for Presenters
Brain Rules for Presentersgarr
 

Viewers also liked (6)

Understanding the Physical Impacts of Ageing: A Course for Carers
Understanding the Physical Impacts of Ageing: A Course for CarersUnderstanding the Physical Impacts of Ageing: A Course for Carers
Understanding the Physical Impacts of Ageing: A Course for Carers
 
Paediatric Basic Life Support & First Aid
Paediatric Basic Life Support & First AidPaediatric Basic Life Support & First Aid
Paediatric Basic Life Support & First Aid
 
Psychological issues in elderly
Psychological issues in elderly Psychological issues in elderly
Psychological issues in elderly
 
Basic Life Support & First Aid
Basic Life Support & First AidBasic Life Support & First Aid
Basic Life Support & First Aid
 
Igcse Population Change Review
Igcse Population Change ReviewIgcse Population Change Review
Igcse Population Change Review
 
Brain Rules for Presenters
Brain Rules for PresentersBrain Rules for Presenters
Brain Rules for Presenters
 

More from Aaron Sparshott

STAMPS Community Profile - Emergency + GEM
STAMPS Community Profile - Emergency + GEMSTAMPS Community Profile - Emergency + GEM
STAMPS Community Profile - Emergency + GEMAaron Sparshott
 
Suturing 101 - Basic Surgical Skills for Medical Students and Junior Doctors
Suturing 101 - Basic Surgical Skills for Medical Students and Junior DoctorsSuturing 101 - Basic Surgical Skills for Medical Students and Junior Doctors
Suturing 101 - Basic Surgical Skills for Medical Students and Junior DoctorsAaron Sparshott
 
Basic Life Support & First Aid 2012
Basic Life Support & First Aid 2012Basic Life Support & First Aid 2012
Basic Life Support & First Aid 2012Aaron Sparshott
 
Genetic Insights Into Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis
Genetic Insights Into Multiple Sclerosis PathogenesisGenetic Insights Into Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis
Genetic Insights Into Multiple Sclerosis PathogenesisAaron Sparshott
 
GAMSAT Practice Test (v0.15)
GAMSAT Practice Test (v0.15)GAMSAT Practice Test (v0.15)
GAMSAT Practice Test (v0.15)Aaron Sparshott
 

More from Aaron Sparshott (7)

STAMPS Community Profile - Emergency + GEM
STAMPS Community Profile - Emergency + GEMSTAMPS Community Profile - Emergency + GEM
STAMPS Community Profile - Emergency + GEM
 
ACRRM STAMPs proforma
ACRRM STAMPs proformaACRRM STAMPs proforma
ACRRM STAMPs proforma
 
Suturing 101 - Basic Surgical Skills for Medical Students and Junior Doctors
Suturing 101 - Basic Surgical Skills for Medical Students and Junior DoctorsSuturing 101 - Basic Surgical Skills for Medical Students and Junior Doctors
Suturing 101 - Basic Surgical Skills for Medical Students and Junior Doctors
 
Basic Life Support & First Aid 2012
Basic Life Support & First Aid 2012Basic Life Support & First Aid 2012
Basic Life Support & First Aid 2012
 
Genetic Insights Into Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis
Genetic Insights Into Multiple Sclerosis PathogenesisGenetic Insights Into Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis
Genetic Insights Into Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis
 
GAMSAT Practice Test (v0.15)
GAMSAT Practice Test (v0.15)GAMSAT Practice Test (v0.15)
GAMSAT Practice Test (v0.15)
 
Stress - Mind Map
Stress - Mind MapStress - Mind Map
Stress - Mind Map
 

Recently uploaded

Microbiology lecture presentation-1.pptx
Microbiology lecture presentation-1.pptxMicrobiology lecture presentation-1.pptx
Microbiology lecture presentation-1.pptxkitati1
 
Pregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdf
Pregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdfPregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdf
Pregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdfMedicoseAcademics
 
Breast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptx
Breast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptxBreast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptx
Breast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptxNaveenkumar267201
 
Dental Digital Scanners: Intraoral and Extraoral 3D Scanners
Dental Digital Scanners: Intraoral and Extraoral 3D ScannersDental Digital Scanners: Intraoral and Extraoral 3D Scanners
Dental Digital Scanners: Intraoral and Extraoral 3D Scannersassem awad
 
1130329-高雄地區第496次小兒科聯合病例討論會-高雄市立聯合醫院.pdf
1130329-高雄地區第496次小兒科聯合病例討論會-高雄市立聯合醫院.pdf1130329-高雄地區第496次小兒科聯合病例討論會-高雄市立聯合醫院.pdf
1130329-高雄地區第496次小兒科聯合病例討論會-高雄市立聯合醫院.pdfKs doctor
 
CESAREAN DELIVERY AND VAGINAL DELIVERY AFTER CAESAREAN SECTION
CESAREAN DELIVERY AND VAGINAL DELIVERY AFTER CAESAREAN SECTIONCESAREAN DELIVERY AND VAGINAL DELIVERY AFTER CAESAREAN SECTION
CESAREAN DELIVERY AND VAGINAL DELIVERY AFTER CAESAREAN SECTIONNGODINH4
 
CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM.pptxin neonates
CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM.pptxin neonatesCONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM.pptxin neonates
CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM.pptxin neonatesShubhendra4
 
Vaccines: Will they become a form of Secondary and Primary Breast Cancer Prev...
Vaccines: Will they become a form of Secondary and Primary Breast Cancer Prev...Vaccines: Will they become a form of Secondary and Primary Breast Cancer Prev...
Vaccines: Will they become a form of Secondary and Primary Breast Cancer Prev...bkling
 
Let's Talk About It: Uterine Cancer (Advance Care Planning)
Let's Talk About It: Uterine Cancer (Advance Care Planning)Let's Talk About It: Uterine Cancer (Advance Care Planning)
Let's Talk About It: Uterine Cancer (Advance Care Planning)bkling
 
historyofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusangu
historyofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusanguhistoryofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusangu
historyofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusangu Medical University
 
Overview of nervous system,mental health
Overview of nervous system,mental healthOverview of nervous system,mental health
Overview of nervous system,mental healthvelveenamaran
 
Histology of Nervous System II - Peripheral Nervous System.pdf
Histology of Nervous System II - Peripheral Nervous System.pdfHistology of Nervous System II - Peripheral Nervous System.pdf
Histology of Nervous System II - Peripheral Nervous System.pdfMedicoseAcademics
 
nuclear medicine 3 marks questions and answers.pdf
nuclear medicine 3 marks questions and answers.pdfnuclear medicine 3 marks questions and answers.pdf
nuclear medicine 3 marks questions and answers.pdfGanesan Yogananthem
 
Endocrine Pancreas- Insulin and Diabetes mellitus
Endocrine Pancreas- Insulin and Diabetes mellitusEndocrine Pancreas- Insulin and Diabetes mellitus
Endocrine Pancreas- Insulin and Diabetes mellitusSai Sailesh Kumar Goothy
 
Synergistic actions of vitamin D3 and vitamin K2
Synergistic actions of vitamin D3  and vitamin K2Synergistic actions of vitamin D3  and vitamin K2
Synergistic actions of vitamin D3 and vitamin K2Kevin KF Ng
 
Marek's disease, transmission, pathogenesis .pptx
Marek's disease, transmission, pathogenesis .pptxMarek's disease, transmission, pathogenesis .pptx
Marek's disease, transmission, pathogenesis .pptxDr-Haseeb Tagar
 
cerebrovasular disease(ischemic, ICH & SAH).pptx
cerebrovasular disease(ischemic, ICH & SAH).pptxcerebrovasular disease(ischemic, ICH & SAH).pptx
cerebrovasular disease(ischemic, ICH & SAH).pptxMohamed Rizk Khodair
 
Etiology and neurobiology of obsessive compulsive disorder
Etiology and neurobiology of obsessive compulsive disorderEtiology and neurobiology of obsessive compulsive disorder
Etiology and neurobiology of obsessive compulsive disorderSimranSandhu673667
 
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...Ganesan Yogananthem
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Microbiology lecture presentation-1.pptx
Microbiology lecture presentation-1.pptxMicrobiology lecture presentation-1.pptx
Microbiology lecture presentation-1.pptx
 
Pregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdf
Pregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdfPregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdf
Pregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdf
 
Breast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptx
Breast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptxBreast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptx
Breast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptx
 
Dental Digital Scanners: Intraoral and Extraoral 3D Scanners
Dental Digital Scanners: Intraoral and Extraoral 3D ScannersDental Digital Scanners: Intraoral and Extraoral 3D Scanners
Dental Digital Scanners: Intraoral and Extraoral 3D Scanners
 
1130329-高雄地區第496次小兒科聯合病例討論會-高雄市立聯合醫院.pdf
1130329-高雄地區第496次小兒科聯合病例討論會-高雄市立聯合醫院.pdf1130329-高雄地區第496次小兒科聯合病例討論會-高雄市立聯合醫院.pdf
1130329-高雄地區第496次小兒科聯合病例討論會-高雄市立聯合醫院.pdf
 
CESAREAN DELIVERY AND VAGINAL DELIVERY AFTER CAESAREAN SECTION
CESAREAN DELIVERY AND VAGINAL DELIVERY AFTER CAESAREAN SECTIONCESAREAN DELIVERY AND VAGINAL DELIVERY AFTER CAESAREAN SECTION
CESAREAN DELIVERY AND VAGINAL DELIVERY AFTER CAESAREAN SECTION
 
CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM.pptxin neonates
CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM.pptxin neonatesCONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM.pptxin neonates
CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM.pptxin neonates
 
Vaccines: Will they become a form of Secondary and Primary Breast Cancer Prev...
Vaccines: Will they become a form of Secondary and Primary Breast Cancer Prev...Vaccines: Will they become a form of Secondary and Primary Breast Cancer Prev...
Vaccines: Will they become a form of Secondary and Primary Breast Cancer Prev...
 
Let's Talk About It: Uterine Cancer (Advance Care Planning)
Let's Talk About It: Uterine Cancer (Advance Care Planning)Let's Talk About It: Uterine Cancer (Advance Care Planning)
Let's Talk About It: Uterine Cancer (Advance Care Planning)
 
historyofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusangu
historyofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusanguhistoryofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusangu
historyofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusangu
 
Overview of nervous system,mental health
Overview of nervous system,mental healthOverview of nervous system,mental health
Overview of nervous system,mental health
 
Histology of Nervous System II - Peripheral Nervous System.pdf
Histology of Nervous System II - Peripheral Nervous System.pdfHistology of Nervous System II - Peripheral Nervous System.pdf
Histology of Nervous System II - Peripheral Nervous System.pdf
 
nuclear medicine 3 marks questions and answers.pdf
nuclear medicine 3 marks questions and answers.pdfnuclear medicine 3 marks questions and answers.pdf
nuclear medicine 3 marks questions and answers.pdf
 
Endocrine Pancreas- Insulin and Diabetes mellitus
Endocrine Pancreas- Insulin and Diabetes mellitusEndocrine Pancreas- Insulin and Diabetes mellitus
Endocrine Pancreas- Insulin and Diabetes mellitus
 
Synergistic actions of vitamin D3 and vitamin K2
Synergistic actions of vitamin D3  and vitamin K2Synergistic actions of vitamin D3  and vitamin K2
Synergistic actions of vitamin D3 and vitamin K2
 
Marek's disease, transmission, pathogenesis .pptx
Marek's disease, transmission, pathogenesis .pptxMarek's disease, transmission, pathogenesis .pptx
Marek's disease, transmission, pathogenesis .pptx
 
cerebrovasular disease(ischemic, ICH & SAH).pptx
cerebrovasular disease(ischemic, ICH & SAH).pptxcerebrovasular disease(ischemic, ICH & SAH).pptx
cerebrovasular disease(ischemic, ICH & SAH).pptx
 
Graphs in Biostatistics
Graphs in Biostatistics Graphs in Biostatistics
Graphs in Biostatistics
 
Etiology and neurobiology of obsessive compulsive disorder
Etiology and neurobiology of obsessive compulsive disorderEtiology and neurobiology of obsessive compulsive disorder
Etiology and neurobiology of obsessive compulsive disorder
 
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
 

Staying Sharp: Limiting cognitive decline associated with age

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.