Where2009 - Hacking Map APIs

Where 2.0 Mapping Hacks Tutorial 1 Andrew Turner FortiusOne ajturner@gmail.com Rabble ENTP evan@protest.net Welcome to Mapping the Mapping Hacks with Google, Yahoo, Open Street Map, and fellow travelers. I’m Rabble, i like to cause trouble, and think maps are fun. I don’t do this for a living. I’m Andrew, i like to build maps and i do do this for a living.

Mapping Hacks Tutorial What’s Covered? Building Maps Part I Building Data Part II This tutorial is divided up in to two parts. First half is the building and display of maps. Then we’ll have a break, and the second half will be about the data of maps.

Feel free to ask questions at any time. http://ﬂickr.com/photos/seandreilinger/2326448445

Building Maps How to build maps, and put them on the web. The scope of this tutorial is limited to web mapping.

Building Data The second half of the workshop is how to get and manipulate mapping data. There’s a huge amount of geodata out there, the trick is getting it in to useful formats.

Building Data == Later == Part II But that’s for the second half, after the break. Before we can get there, we need to be able to see it.

Building Maps On Other People’s API’s It’s possible to use pure open source data and software to do mapping. For the more advanced examples we will use these tools. But the vast majority of mapping hacks today are built upon google maps, so we will start by walking through how to build on top of and extend google maps.

Terminology •Vector •XML •Raster •REST •Feature •Proprietary - Open •Attributes First, some terminology to help

Terminology <element attribute=\"value\"> •Vector •XML content </element> •Raster •REST •Feature •Proprietary - Open •Attributes First, some terminology to help

Terminology <element attribute=\"value\"> •Vector •XML content </element> •Raster •REST http://host/resource.format •Feature •Proprietary - Open •Attributes First, some terminology to help

Terminology: Geometries • Point • LineString • Box • Polygon • MultiGeometry • Coordinate Reference System (aka Projection) Even with “location” there are several important types of geometries that are common. Almost all the formats we’ll talk about support all these geometry types. So we’ll show some examples, but assume you’ll need to know what’s appropriate, but that it’s probably supported.

Longitude is the X Latitude Longitude [x,y]

Google Maps Web mapping has been around for a long time, but it was really the advent of google maps which got the masses hacking on web maps.

Mapstraction Beyond our ﬁrst demos we’ll get in to how to use the mapstraction library. It lets you easily move between mapping apis, it’s open source, and works with many data sources.

Mapstraction

OpenLayers Then we’re going to end with some examples built in OpenLayers which give you the most ﬂexibility in your map hacking.

Start Simple

Mapstraction Recipe 1.Include Javascripts 2.Create an HTML Map Div 3.Create a JavaScript Mapstraction object 4.Center the Map 5.Add Controls 6.Add Features - Markers, Polylines, Overlays, etc. 7.Events

Play Along http://mapstraction.appspot.com

OpenLayers http://openlayers.org

map = new OpenLayers.Map(\"map\", { maxResolution: 360/512, projection: \"EPSG:4326\" , numZoomLevels: 20, minZoomLevel: 0, maxZoomLevel: 19, controls: [ new OpenLayers.Control.Navigation(), new OpenLayers.Control.PanPanel(), new OpenLayers.Control.ZoomPanel() ] }); var wms = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS( \"world\", \"/cgi-bin/tilecache/tilecache.cgi?\", {layers: 'world'} ); map.addLayers([wms]); map.setCenter(new OpenLayers.LonLat(0, 32), 7);

Accessibility

ModestMaps

package { public class ModestMapsSample extends Sprite { private var map:Map; public function ModestMapsSample() { map = new TweenMap(stage.stageWidth - 2 * PADDING, stage.stageHeight - 2 * PADDING, true, new MicrosoftRoadMapProvider(), new MapExtent(37.829853, 37.700121, -122.212601, -122.514725)); map.addChild(new MapControls(map)); map.addChild(new ZoomSlider(map)); addChild(map); } } }

London2012 http://london2012.co.uk

Hurricane Tracking http://hurricanewiki.org

Bakery Routing http://carto.iict.ch/www/broetlikrones/htdocs/index.php

MySociety House Price http://www.mysociety.org/2007/more-travel-maps/ vs. Travel Time

Hacking with Google, Virtual Earth and Yahoo's Maps API II Data

Why does open, interoperable data matter? We just went over how you can create markers with javascript, from a database. Why would you bother spending time and resources working with formats that man mean other people can use your data?

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/blah_oh_well/352203022 It’s not enough for a Web App to be Sticky... Common design principles want to make a website “sticky”. To encourage users to stay at the site and return often. But this is no longer sufficient - users want more.

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/orinrobertjohn/139788703 ...it also needs to be stringy. Web applications need to be “Stringy” - they need to provide ways for users to move their data into, and out of the system. It needs to connect into the rest of their personal and corporate suite of tools, workﬂows, and expectations.

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/josefstuefer/9500503 almost like a web Sites need to be sticky, and stringy. Kind of like a web. or better known as The Web - we’ll get back to that later

Why does it really matter? Traction is good - but won’t I be the only one doing this? How will it get you business?

photo credits .gov let’s look at an actual use case for why this is important

.gov photo credits

photo credits Recovery.gov Recovery.gov is a very new, and quickly conceived and implemented initiative to track all the stimulus dollars: from tax payer, to gov’t, to agency, to project, to tax payer.

photo credits A Chance for Change http://isd.ischool.berkeley.edu/stimulus/2009-029/ Given the new administration support for new initiatives and Transparency, it’s a chance for agencies, and citizens, to engage in rethinking how it’s all done. They’re talking about GeoRSS AtomPub, KML, Linked Open Data, RDFa. All the hot topics on data sharing - the point of this workshop.

photo credits TimeMap Mockup The UC Berkeley iSchool has published papers, example websites, and example feeds about how it *could* be done.

photo credits Data.gov And it’s just the beginning. Data.gov will incorporate these ideas across the federal, and subsequently local, governments. This will be they ways in which information is spread in the US Government.

International Open Data And it’s not just the US government, it also applies internationally to directives such as INSPIRE which is working in the EU to open data.

THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED THAT the City of Vancouver endorses the principles of: • Open and Accessible Data - the City of Vancouver will freely share with citizens, businesses and other jurisdictions the greatest amount of data possible while respecting privacy and security concerns; • Open Standards - the City of Vancouver will move as quickly as possible to adopt prevailing open standards for data, documents, maps, and other formats of media; motion, May 15, 2009 Governments are enforcing data standards. This is a big win from getting data for your system, as well as providing them technology that works within their ecosystem.

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/bitterlysweet/33358201 Why is it so hard? So if everyone is clamoring over open, sharable data - why has it been so hard?

photo credits lots of this Sheets of CSV ﬁles Currently data is shared either by large spreadsheets of unstructured (or at best semi- structured) tabular data

photo credits http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/johncharlton/360919818 Each Format is Unique Even when there is structure, people use arbitrary markups, formats, schemas.

photo credits http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/bookgrl/3111647593 ...and unlinked And there has been no way to know if one location was the same as another - or a person or project had a link to more about them.

...and proprietary http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/documentarist/473084939/

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/fragilelisa/3212684410 But that’s changing There is a brighter future - it’s happening grass-roots, top-down, and sideways.

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/huladancer22/530743543/ Formats There are a number of different formats - each of which is appropriate depending on what you’re trying to do.

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/tomhe/311381947 What do you want to do? The ﬁrst, overarching thing you can do when choosing the formats to support is consider what you are trying to accomplish. Interchange Visualization Analysis

Interchange

GeoRSS GeoRSS simply adds Geo to RSS/Atom

GeoRSS + GeoRSS simply adds Geo to RSS/Atom

GeoRSS <georss:point> + 45.256 -71.92 </georss:point> GeoRSS simply adds Geo to RSS/Atom

RSS / Atom <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?> <feed xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom\" xmlns:georss=\"http://www.georss.org/ georss\" xmlns:local=\"http://oakland.crimespotting.org/ns\"> <title>Oakland Crime Feed</title> <link href=\"http://oakland.crimespotting.org/~migurski/oaklandcrime/www\"/> <updated local:date=\"Wednesday, Apr 29, 2009\" local:time=\"6:30pm\">2009-04-29T18:30:00-07:00</updated> <entry> <title>THEFT</title> <link rel=\"alternate\" href=\"http://oakland.crimespotting.org/~migurski/ oaklandcrime/www/crime/2009-04-29/Theft/127204\"/> <id>crime:oakland/09-029660/THEFT</id> <updated local:date=\"Wednesday, Apr 29, 2009\" local:time=\"6:30pm\">2009-04-29T18:30:00-07:00</updated> <category term=\"THEFT\" label=\"Theft\"/> <content type=\"html\"><![CDATA[<h3>Theft</h3><h4>Wednesday, Apr 29, 2009 6:30pm</h4>...]]></content> </entry> </feed> http://oakland.crimespotting.org go from this:

GeoRSS: Example <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?> <feed xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom\" xmlns:georss=\"http://www.georss.org/ georss\" xmlns:local=\"http://oakland.crimespotting.org/ns\"> <title>Oakland Crime Feed</title> <link href=\"http://oakland.crimespotting.org/~migurski/oaklandcrime/www\"/> <updated local:date=\"Wednesday, Apr 29, 2009\" local:time=\"6:30pm\">2009-04-29T18:30:00-07:00</updated> <entry> <title>THEFT</title> <link rel=\"alternate\" href=\"http://oakland.crimespotting.org/~migurski/ oaklandcrime/www/crime/2009-04-29/Theft/127204\"/> <id>crime:oakland/09-029660/THEFT</id> <updated local:date=\"Wednesday, Apr 29, 2009\" local:time=\"6:30pm\">2009-04-29T18:30:00-07:00</updated> <category term=\"THEFT\" label=\"Theft\"/> <georss:point>37.807417 -122.275233</georss:point> <content type=\"html\"><![CDATA[<h3>Theft</h3><h4>Wednesday, Apr 29, 2009 6:30pm</h4>...]]></content> </entry> </feed> http://oakland.crimespotting.org to this - with geo added

GeoRSS Spotlight: Reuters News Reuters News Reuters news is one example of a site that you can get GeoRSS to view the news where it’s happening.

photo credits GeoRSS Spotlight: http://oakland.crimespotting.org/ Oakland Crimespotting

GeoRSS Spotlight: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/catalogs/ USGS

GeoRSS Spotlight: FriendFeed

GeoRSS Future • Supports point, line, box, polygon • Not an ‘ofﬁcial’ standard. OGC best practice • Used by most mapping tools • Next generation: • External, by reference, geometries (e.g. link to “US”) • Multiple geometries per entry http://georss.org

GeoRSS Demo!

GeoJSON very compact - only requires an eval() to turn into JavaScript objects.

GeoJSON { \"key\": \"value\", \"dictionary\" : { \"index1\":\"another value\", \"index2\":\"more values\" }} very compact - only requires an eval() to turn into JavaScript objects.

GeoJSON: Point { \"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [100.0, 0.0] } Supports all the standard geometry types.

GeoJSON: LineString { \"type\": \"LineString\", \"coordinates\": [ [100.0, 0.0], [101.0, 1.0] ] }

GeoJSON: Polygon { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [[ [100.0, 0.0], [101.0, 0.0], [101.0, 1.0], [100.0, 1.0], [100.0, 0.0] ]] }

GeoJSON: MultiGeometry { \"type\": \"MultiPoint\", \"coordinates\": [ [100.0, 0.0], [101.0, 1.0] ] }

GeoJSON: MultiGeometry { \"type\": \"GeometryCollection\", \"geometries\": [ { \"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [100.0, 0.0] }, { \"type\": \"LineString\", \"coordinates\": [ [101.0, 0.0], [102.0, 1.0] ] } ] } Supports multiple geometries

GeoJSON: CRS \"crs\": { \"type\": \"name\", \"properties\": { \"name\": \"urn:ogc:def:crs:OGC:1.3:CRS84\" } } \"crs\": { \"type\": \"link\", \"properties\": { \"href\": \"http://example.com/crs/42\", \"type\": \"proj4\" } } Projections

GeoJSON: Atom { \"blog\": { \"posts\": [ { \"type\": \"atom:item\", \"atom:summary\": \"post 1\", \"atom:description\": \"i love blogging\" }, { \"type\": \"atom:item\", \"atom:summary\": \"post 2 from CA\", \"atom:description\": \"geoblogging in California\" \"geometry\": { \"type\", \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-120, 40] } }, ], \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [[[-121, 39], [-119, 39], [-119, 41], [-121, 41], [-121, 39]]] } } } An example of Atom encoded in GeoJSON

GeoJSON Demo!

GPX • Common Format for GPS (XML) • Stores • Waypoints (wpt) • Tracks (trk) • Routes (rte) • Useful for importing from GPS (for geotagging photos) or exporting to (tracks, waypoints, points of interest) GPS Exchange format Used for exporting/importing to GPS Devices

GPX: Track <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?> <gpx xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns=\"http://www.topografix.com/GPX/1/0\" version=\"1.0\" creator=\"GPSBabel - http://www.gpsbabel.org\" xsi:schemaLocation=\"http:// www.topografix.com/GPX/1/0 http://www.topografix.com/GPX/1/0/gpx.xsd\"> <time>2007-12-26T00:42:06Z</time> <bounds minlat=\"39.9168108\" minlon=\"116.4112773\" maxlat=\"40.48346838\" maxlon=\"116.65506564\"/> <trk> <name>ACTIVE LOG #2</name> <number>1</number> <trkseg> <trkpt lat=\"39.923049649\" lon=\"116.413739165\"> <ele>55.413086</ele> <time>2007-12-25T00:00:22Z</time> </trkpt> <trkpt lat=\"39.923191974\" lon=\"116.414713562\"> <ele>69.352295</ele> <time>2007-12-25T00:00:31Z</time> </trkpt> <trkpt lat=\"39.923132882\" lon=\"116.416241163\"> <ele>66.948975</ele> <time>2007-12-25T00:00:41Z</time> </trkpt> <trkpt lat=\"39.923161631\" lon=\"116.417345395\"> <ele>71.274902</ele> <time>2007-12-25T00:00:49Z</time> </trkpt> <trkpt lat=\"39.923143359\" lon=\"116.417817045\"> <ele>72.236206</ele> Waypoints, Tracks, Routes <time>2007-12-25T00:00:55Z</time> </trkpt>

photo credits GPX Example: GPSies http://gpsies.com

GPX Example: GPSies http://gpsies.com

CSV - Comma Separated Value \"name\",\"holepar\",\"holeyardage\",\"holenumber\",\"latitude\",\"longitude\" \"Simple placemark\",\"4.0\",\"234.0\",\"1.0\",\"-121.082203542568\",\"37.4222899014025\" \"Simple placemark 2\",\"3.0\",\"100.0\",\"2.0\",\"-121.082203542568\",\"37.4222899014025\" \"name\",\"holepar\",\"holeyardage\",\"holenumber\",\"address\" \"Simple placemark\",\"4.0\",\"234.0\",\"1.0\",\"1517 N. Main St., Royal Oak, MI\" \"Simple placemark 2\",\"3.0\",\"100.0\",\"2.0\",\"2200 Wilson Blvd., Arlington, VA\" can embed Lat,lon as columns - or WKB (well known binary) string

CSV Demo!

Visualization

KML http://code.google.com/apis/kml/ documentation/kmlreference.html photourl KML emerged as a commonly used format for sharing data. It meets the 80% case for geographic information, human-readable information, metadata, attributes, temporal, 3D, navigation and more. Surprisingly capable for a simple format.

KML <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?> <kml xmlns=\"http://earth.google.com/kml/2.2\"> <Placemark> <name>Simple placemark</name> <description>Attached to the ground. Intelligently places itself at the height of the underlying terrain.</description> <Point> <coordinates>-122.0822035425683,37.42228990140251,0</coordinates> </Point> </Placemark> </kml>

photo credits KML Line Strings

photo credits Embedded Media

photo credits KML Image Overlay

KML 3D KML can be styled with icons, colors, labels, and even 3D.

KML: Extended Data <ExtendedData id=\"rooms\"> <name>Rooms</name> <value>3</value> </ExtendedData> A way to embed attribute data with any placemark

KML: Styles <Style id='class_0'> ... </Style> <Placemark> <styleUrl>#class_1</styleUrl>

KML: Styles <Style id='class_0'> <PolyStyle> Polygon <color>bfa5f7fe</color> <fill>1</fill> <outline>1</outline> </PolyStyle> <LineStyle> <color>ffa5f7fe</color> <width>2</width> Line </LineStyle> <IconStyle> <color>bfa5f7fe</color> <scale>1</scale> <Icon> Icon <href>http://maker.geocommons.com/images/icons/propCircle.png</href> </Icon> <hotSpot x=\"0.5\" y=\"0.5\" xunits=\"fraction\" yunits=\"fraction\"/> </IconStyle> <BalloonStyle> <text> Info Window <![CDATA[<p><b>Number of Installations:</b> $[selected_attribute]</p> <p><b>cost per 0:</b> $[cost]<br/><b>Description:</b> $[description]<br/> <b>Incentives:</b> $[incentives]<br/><b>Name:</b> $[name]<br/> <b>Size of installs (kW):</b> $[size]<br/><b>Zipcode:</b> $[zipcode]<br/></p> <p><a href=\"http://maker.geocommons.com/maps/5015\">View the map in Maker<i>!</i></p>]]></text> </BalloonStyle> </Style>

KML: Network Links index.kml layer1.kml layer2.kml layer3.kml <NetworkLink> <name><![CDATA[Pubs in London]]></name> <Link> <href>http://maker.geocommons.com/maps/839/overlays/1</href> </Link> </NetworkLink> Link to other KML ﬁles within a KML ﬁle. Useful for directory listings of KML.

photo credits KML Spotlight: Google Maps

KML Spotlight: Flickr Export Flickr photos can be exported using the GeoRSS (geoFeed) or KML links at the bottom of Flickr pages. This is useful for viewing in GoogleEarth.

KML Demo!

KMZ - Zipped KML All the verbosity, 10% the size. Cunning in the simplicity of assigning a Zip compression as an actual type. Makes it very easy to expose via RESTful services and mime-types. Very useful when bundling multiple KML ﬁles and 3D models together.

Other Visualization Formats •SLD - Styled Layer Descriptor •Mapnik •Cascadenik SLD - an OGC speciﬁcation. Uses bits of CSS and a lot of XML Mapnik - the mapnik map rendering library has it’s own styling XML Cascadenik - a CSS3-like map styling, with preprocesses for exporting to Mapnik styling

example.mml example.mss <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?> * { <!DOCTYPE Map> line-width: 1; <Map bgcolor=\"#b5d0d0\" srs=\"...\"> line-color: #999; <Stylesheet> polygon-fill: #fff; Map { map-bgcolor: #ccc; } } </Stylesheet> <Stylesheet src=\"example.mss\"/> *[zoom>=6][zoom<12] { <Layer name=\"world\" status=\"on\" srs=\"...\"> line-color: #f90; <StyleName>world</StyleName> } <Datasource> #world-borders[zoom<10] NAME <Parameter name=\"type\">shape</Parameter> { <Parameter name=\"file\">...</Parameter> text-fill: #333; </Datasource> } </Layer> </Map> Cascadenick http://code.google.com/p/mapnik-utils/

Analysis

Shapefile A misnomer - not a single “File”, but multiple files: SHP geometry, DBF database, SHX data- geometry join, PRJ projection file, XML metadata. ESRI Proprietary format - though now widely used. Limited to 10 character attribute titles. All geometries must be the same ‘type’ (all points, or all polygons, but not both)

Shapeﬁle Demo!

File GeoDatabases new ESRI proprietary format - a big problem

SQLite / Spatialite An alternative. Compact, ﬁle based databases. Spatialite adds spatial extensions

Spatialite Demo!

OGC Services !

OGC Web Feature Service - WFS an interface deﬁnition for querying Vector datastores

OGC Web Mapping Service - WMS an interface for querying Raster data stores

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/mattphotos/228669751/ What again did you want to do? Now that we’ve done a very quick overview of the formats - let’s look at how to decide what formats to use.

File Sizes File Type Size CSV (points) 3.7k KML 460k Shapefile 208k Proposed Stimulus Spending http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/9313 The first is strictly technical - what is the file size of these formats? How doest that affect the user (mobile, costs, server)

User Compatibility • Feed Readers • GoogleEarth • Mapping API’s • Browsers What tools will the user be using to consume or produce this information?

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/samiksha/406928440 What does the user understand? What terms do they understand? KML has done very well because people know what “GoogleEarth” is and means. They may have an “RSS Reader”, but they probably don’t have “ArcGIS Desktop” or QGIS. They almost all have Excel to read CSV.

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/umpqua/191909440 What does the data Form follows Function suggest? The purpose of the data informs how it should be exposed and utilized. Is it just for an API? Is it for users to subscribe to? Visualize? Analyze?

GeoWeb Fortunately, there is the Web. It allows for linking together data

Resources •/places •/places/89 •/places/89.atom •/places/89.kml •/places/89.sqlite Don’t have to choose a single format - provide many. Appropriate for basic or advanced users and developers

Web Aligned http://highearthorbit.com/a-proposal-georss-kml Link to the other formats. Tools are getting better at following these links.

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/alfr3do/7436142 What does the user understand? What terms do they understand? KML has done very well because people know what “GoogleEarth” is and means. They may have an “RSS Reader”, but they probably don’t have “ArcGIS Desktop” or QGIS. They almost all have Excel to read CSV.

Create Exif GeoRSS KML GPX Geocoding GeoStack Publish KML GeoRSS Microformats MachineTags Aggregate KML GeoRSS GML WFS GeoJSON Consume Interchange formats

Finding Data http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/mmmazzoni/110019759

OpenSearch

OpenSearch Template http://geocommons.com/search ?keyword={searchTerms} &limit={count?} &page={startPage?} required optional? OpenSearch is essentially a way to template out search parameters from a URL.

OpenSearch - HTML <html xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\" xml:lang=\"en\" lang=\"en\"> <head> <title>Starting a Business in San Francisco map</title> <link type=\"application/opensearchdescription+xml\" title=\"Mapufacture\" rel=\"search\" href=\"http://geocommons.com/search.xml\" /> <link type=\"application/atom+xml\" title=\"Mapufacture GeoRSS Feed for Starting a Business in San Francisco\" rel=\"alternate\" href=\"http://geocommons.com/maps/1621.atom\" /> <link type=\"application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml\" title=\"Mapufacture KML for Starting a Business in San Francisco\" rel=\"alternate\" href=\"http://geocommons.com/maps/1621.kml\" /> </head> <body> ... </body> </html> If you provide a link in your HTML page to the OpenSearch - browsers like Firefox, Safari, and Internet Explorer can embed these into browser search bars. Even MS Windows 7 can connect OpenSearch providers into your *desktop search* to the web.

Description Document <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?> <OpenSearchDescription xmlns=\"http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearch/1.1/\" xmlns:geo=\"http://a9.com/-/opensearch/extensions/geo/1.0/\"> <ShortName>GeoCommons</ShortName> <Description>Search for maps and data in GeoCommons</Description> <Tags>geo georss location kml aggregation geosearch</Tags> <Contact>robot@geocommons.com</Contact> <Image width=\"16\" height=\"16\" type=\"image/x-icon\">http://geocommons.com/ favicon.ico</Image> <Url type=\"text/html\" template=\"http://maker.geocommons.com/searches? query={searchTerms}&limit={count?}&page={startPage?}\"/> <Url type=\"application/atom+xml\" template=\"http://maker.geocommons.com/ searches.atom?query={searchTerms?}&limit={count?}&page={startPage?}\"/> </OpenSearchDescription> http://maker.geocommons.com/search.xml There is a description document that is hosted on your site.

Formats <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?> <OpenSearchDescription xmlns=\"http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearch/1.1/\" xmlns:geo=\"http://a9.com/-/opensearch/extensions/geo/1.0/\"> <ShortName>Mapufacture</ShortName> <Description>Search for geographic items in Mapufacture</Description> <Tags>geo georss location kml aggregation geosearch</Tags> <Contact>robot@geocommons.com</Contact> <Image width=\"16\" height=\"16\" type=\"image/x-icon\">http://geocommons.com/favicon.ico</Image> <Url type=\"text/html\" template=\"http://geocommons.com/search? keyword={searchTerms}&dtstart={time:start?}&dtend={time:stop?}&location={geo:locationString?}&la t={geo:lat?}&lon={geo:lon?}&distance={geo:radius?}&bbox={geo:box?}&limit={count?}&page={startPag e?}\"/> <Url type=\"application/atom+xml\" template=\"http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword={searchTerms}&dtstart={time:start?}&dtend={time:stop?}&location={geo:locationString?}&la t={geo:lat?}&lon={geo:lon?}&distance={geo:radius?}&bbox={geo:box?}&limit={count?}&page={startPag e?}\"/> <Url type=\"application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml\" template=\"http://geocommons.com/search.kml? keyword={searchTerms}&dtstart={time:start?}&dtend={time:stop?}&location={geo:locationString?}&la t={geo:lat?}&lon={geo:lon?}&distance={geo:radius?}&bbox={geo:box?}&limit={count?}&page={startPag e?}\"/> </OpenSearchDescription> http://maker.geocommons.com/search.xml The description document lets you specify multiple return formats.

OpenSearch Response <feed xmlns:opensearch=\"http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearch/1.1/\" xmlns:georss=\"http://www.georss.org/georss\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom\"> <title>Mapufacture Maps</title> <id>http://geocommons.com/maps</id> <opensearch:totalResults>96</opensearch:totalResults> <opensearch:startIndex>21</opensearch:startIndex> <opensearch:itemsPerPage>20</opensearch:itemsPerPage> <link type=\"application/opensearchdescription+xml\" rel=\"search\" href=\"http://geocommons.com/geocommonssearch.xml\"/> ... </feed>

Pagination <link type=\"application/atom+xml\" rel=\"first\" href=\"http://geocommons.com/maps?limit=20&page=2\"/> <link type=\"application/atom+xml\" rel=\"previous\" href=\"http://geocommons.com/maps?limit=20&page=1\"/> <link type=\"application/atom+xml\" rel=\"next\" href=\"http://geocommons.com/maps?limit=20&page=3\"/> <link type=\"application/atom+xml\" rel=\"last\" href=\"http://geocommons.com/maps?limit=20&page=5\"/>

Extensions • Referrer • Relevance • Suggestions • Geo • Time Multiple extensions - most pertinent here is the Geo extension.

OpenSearch-Geo http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword={searchTerms}& location={geo:locationString?} http://www.opensearch.org/Speciﬁcations/OpenSearch/Extensions/Geo/1.0/Draft_1

OpenSearch-Geo http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword={searchTerms}& location={geo:locationString?} http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword=pizza& location=Norcross,+Georgia http://www.opensearch.org/Speciﬁcations/OpenSearch/Extensions/Geo/1.0/Draft_1

OpenSearch-Geo http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword={searchTerms}& lat={geo:lat?}&lon={geo:lon?}&distance={geo:radius ?}

OpenSearch-Geo http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword={searchTerms}& lat={geo:lat?}&lon={geo:lon?}&distance={geo:radius ?} http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword=pizza& lat=43.25&lon=-123.45&distance=10000

OpenSearch-Geo http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword={searchTerms}& bbox={geo:box?}

OpenSearch-Geo http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword={searchTerms}& bbox={geo:box?} http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword=pizza& bbox=-111.032,42.943,-119.856,43.039

OpenSearch-Geo http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword={searchTerms}& region={geo:polygon?}

OpenSearch-Geo http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword={searchTerms}& region={geo:polygon?} http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword=pizza&polygon=45.256,-110.45,46.46,-109.48, 43.84,-109.86,45.256,-110.45

OpenSearch-Geo http://geocommons.com/search.atom? keyword={searchTerms}& location={geo:locationString?}& lat={geo:lat?}&lon={geo:lon?}&distance={geo:radius ?}& bbox={geo:box?}

Response <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?> <feed xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom\" xmlns:opensearch=\"http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearch/1.1/\" xmlns:georss=\"http://www.georss.org/georss\"> ... <opensearch:Query role=\"request\" searchTerms=\"New York History\" startPage=\"3\" geo:box=\"-74.0667,40.69418,-73.9116,40.7722\"/> <georss:box>40.69418 -74.0667 40.7722 -73.9116</ georss:box> ... </feed> unfortunately, query is (longitude, latitude) [WSEN] response is (latitude, longitude) [SWNE]

Local Governments http://data.octo.dc.gov

GeoNetwork + GeoServer GeoNetwork + GeoServer is a stack to host yourself.

GeoNames http://geotree.geonames.org

Storing Data So where do you go to store all this data?

PostgreSQL + PostGIS internally? PostGIS - or maybe MySQL if you want to role your own solution

Google MyMaps API Externally? Google has a beta MyMaps API for pushing markers into Google.

GeoCommons Finder! http://geocommons.com GeoCommons is a public repository for publishing and searching datasets.

ProgrammableWeb Look at upcoming API’s for other speciﬁc places to ﬁnd geospatial data, and publish it.

GeoWeb Thank you @ajturner @rabble http://highearthorbit.com/presentations/

Atom Publishing Protocol

Atom <entry> <title>Election Precincts</title> <link type=\"text/html\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/atom+xml\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1.atom\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/ 1.kml\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/atom+xml;type=entry\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1.atom\" rel=\"edit\"/> <id>http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1</id>local <updated>2009-05-18T15:35:55Z</updated> <contributor> <name>admin</name> <uri>http://finder.geocommons.com/users/admin</uri> </contributor> <category term=\"democracy\" scheme=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/tags\"/> <category term=\"election\" scheme=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/tags\"/> <author> <name>Michele Smith</name> </author> <georss:box></georss:box> <content type=\"html\"> </content> </entry>

Atom Links <entry> <title>Election Precincts</title> <link type=\"text/html\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"text/html\" <link type=\"application/atom+xml\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1.atom\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/index.html\" rel=\"alternate\"/> rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/ 1.kml\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/atom+xml;type=entry\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1.atom\" <link type=\"application/atom+xml\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/index.atom\" rel=\"edit\"/> <id>http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1</id>local rel=\"alternate\"/> <updated>2009-05-18T15:35:55Z</updated> <link type=\"application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml\" <contributor> <name>admin</name> href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/index.kml\" <uri>http://finder.geocommons.com/users/admin</uri> rel=\"alternate\"/> </contributor> <category term=\"democracy\" scheme=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/tags\"/> <category term=\"election\" scheme=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/tags\"/> <author> <name>Michele Smith</name> </author> <georss:box></georss:box> <content type=\"html\"> </content> </entry> A way to embed attribute data with any placemark

Atom Attribution <entry> <title>Election Precincts</title> <link type=\"text/html\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/atom+xml\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1.atom\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/ 1.kml\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/atom+xml;type=entry\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1.atom\" rel=\"edit\"/> <id>http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1</id>local <updated>2009-05-18T15:35:55Z</updated> <contributor> <name>admin</name> <uri>http://finder.geocommons.com/users/admin</uri> </contributor> <category term=\"democracy\" scheme=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/tags\"/> <category term=\"election\" scheme=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/tags\"/> <author> <author> <name>Michele Smith</name> </author> <name>Michele Smith</name> <georss:box></georss:box> <content type=\"html\"> </author> </content> </entry> A way to embed attribute data with any placemark

Atom Attribution <entry> <title>Election Precincts</title> <link type=\"text/html\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/atom+xml\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1.atom\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/ 1.kml\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/atom+xml;type=entry\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1.atom\" rel=\"edit\"/> <id>http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1</id>local <contributor> <updated>2009-05-18T15:35:55Z</updated> <contributor> <name>admin</name> <name>admin</name> <uri>http://finder.geocommons.com/users/admin</uri> <uri>http://finder.geocommons.com/users/admin</uri> </contributor> </contributor> <category term=\"democracy\" scheme=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/tags\"/> <category term=\"election\" scheme=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/tags\"/> <author> <name>Michele Smith</name> </author> <georss:box></georss:box> <content type=\"html\"> </content> </entry> A way to embed attribute data with any placemark

Atom Tags <entry> <title>Election Precincts</title> <link type=\"text/html\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/atom+xml\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1.atom\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/ 1.kml\" rel=\"alternate\"/> <link type=\"application/atom+xml;type=entry\" href=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1.atom\" rel=\"edit\"/> <id>http://finder.geocommons.com/overlays/1</id>local <updated>2009-05-18T15:35:55Z</updated> <contributor> <name>admin</name> <uri>http://finder.geocommons.com/users/admin</uri> </contributor> <category term=\"democracy\" scheme=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/tags\"/> <category term=\"democracy\" scheme=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/tags\"/> <category term=\"election\" scheme=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/tags\"/> <category term=\"election\" scheme=\"http://finder.geocommons.com/tags\"/> <author> <name>Michele Smith</name> </author> <georss:box></georss:box> <content type=\"html\"> </content> </entry> A way to embed attribute data with any placemark

Conversion and Utilities http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/caravinagre/1364614919

GPSBabel http://gpsbabel.org your swiss army knife convert from one to another

GDAL/OGR http://gdal.org when you need a powersaw instead of a swiss army knife GDAL translates Raster data (97 formats) OGR translates Vector data (35 formats)

GeoNames GeoRSS http://www.geonames.org/rss-to-georss-converter.html Converts RSS to GeoRSS there are many more.

Where2009 - Hacking Map APIs

0 comments

Notes on slide 1

Favorites, Groups & Events