Selenium

Selenium Adam Goucher [email_address]

Lecture Objective
Give students an introduction to web automation using the Selenium framework.

What is Selenium?
Selenium is a web test tool that runs in the browser
Because it runs in the browser, it does exactly what a user does

What tests can Selenium do?
Browser compatibility – One script, many browsers
Regression

Javascript
Selenium is written in Javascript
Javascript is how AJAX applications are written, so Selenium can test them too

Where to get it?
Selenium can be downloaded and installed for free from http:// www.openqa.org

QTP vs. Selenium
QTP is not cross platform, Selenium is
QTP costs a lot of money, Selenium is free
QTP needs VBScript, Selenium has lots of language bindings
The default format of testing in Selenium is HTML
QTP can control other types of applications other than web

Multiple Seleniums?
There are 3 versions of Selenium
Selenium Core – The main component of Selenium
Selenium RC – A scripting layer over Selenium Core
Selenium IDE – a Firefox extension with record / playback functionality

Selenium IDE
Selenium IDE adds a layer of Record / Playback to Selenium
Is available for Firefox only

First Script link=sqa clickAndWait Submit01 clickAndWait label=Banking ct_category select qa queryTitle type /jobmining/ open Value Target Command

Checkpoints
Of course, scripts wouldn’t be tests if they didn’t check something
assert* tests fail the test immediately
verify* tests keep track of results and continue the script regardless
Job Requirements sdrfasf asserTextPresent Job Description dgds verifyTextPresent

Locators
Selenium identifies what a component is through the use of a locator
link=name
dom=document.images[56]
xpath=//table[@id='table1']//tr[4]/td[2]
css=a[href="#id3"]
Depending on your application, there might be major performance differences

Playback
Playback of a single script is handled through the IDE
Run – Go as fast as the script can process
Walk – Slows down the execution
Step – Executes the next step

Test Suites
In order to run multiple scripts, you need to chain them together in a Test Suite
Just another html table
Runs inside Firefox, but not in S-IDE
Saved in the same directory as the tests that are included in it

Test Suites
<table>
<tr>
<td>Job Search test suite</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a target="testFrame" href=“selenium-ide-01.html">Job Search</a></td>
</tr>
</table>

Test Suites
The URL has a specific format
chrome://selenium-ide/content/selenium/TestRunner.html?baseURL=http://your_hose:port&test=file:///c://temp/qa109/testsuite.html&auto=true&multiWindow=false

Selenium RC
Selenium IDE is great for quick recording of tests, but it somewhat lacks for power
Selenium RC gives you the ability to drive Selenium from a real programming language (Java, Perl, Python, Ruby, and more)

Why do you want a real language?
By using Selenium inside a full fledged language you can do the following
Seed the database
Check the database
Control external services
Launch multiple windows
Run multiple browsers in parallel
In addition to running the actual test.

Proxy
Because the commands for Selenium RC are embedded in a script, a proxy is needed to control the browser.

Python
There are python bindings for most of the Selenium calls
Watch for naming differences
While not necessary, most use the unittest module with Selenium

import selenium, unittest
class JM(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
protocol = "http"
host = "your host"
port = your_port_number
self.verificationErrors = []
self.selenium = selenium.selenium("localhost", 4444, "*chrome", "%s://%s:%s" % (protocol, host, port)) self.selenium.start()
self.selenium.open("/jobmining/")
def test_doSearch(self):
sel = self.selenium
sel.open("/jobmining/")
sel.type("queryTitle", "qa")
sel.select("ct_category", "label=Banking")
sel.click("Submit01")
sel.wait_for_page_to_load("30000")
sel.click("link=sqa")
sel.wait_for_page_to_load("30000")
try:
self.failUnless(sel.is_text_present("Job Description dgds"))
except AssertionError, e:
self.verificationErrors.append(str(e))
def tearDown(self):
self.selenium.stop()
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()

Data Driven
One key concept when doing automation is to recycle your scripts through data driving them
Use the underlying language you are using Selenium RC with to handle most of it for you

Same Origin
Prevents a document or script loaded from one origin from getting or setting properties of a document from a different origin – Mozilla security documentation
In other words, cannot work across server boundries

Selenium Core
Selenium Core is used by both Selenium IDE and RC
Runs test suites on the same server to avoid the Same Origin problem
Don’t have same flexibility as RC, but tests and code under test is in the same spot

Tips
Start and stop your script from the same spot
Record your script in S-IDE, then use it as a base for a S-RC script
Use Firebug to give you the XPath

Designing for Selenium
Proper use of tables and CSS div tags makes Selenium much easier

Support
Because this is free, open source software there is no official support channel
Mailing lists
Wiki
Forums
Are your main sources of assistence.
But don’t forget your peers!

http://www.slideshare.net	143
http://adam.goucher.ca	98
http://seleniumstuffs.blogspot.com	94
http://reddyphp.wordpress.com	16
http://www.seleniumstuffs.blogspot.com	9
http://www.adam.goucher.ca	2
http://slideshow.com	2
http://www.slideshow.com	1
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com	1

Selenium

by Adam Goucher on Oct 24, 2007

Accessibility

Categories

Tags

Upload Details

Usage Rights

9 Embeds 366

Statistics

Selenium — Presentation Transcript