Web‐Scale Computing
Compete on Ideas, Not Resources
Dr. Werner Vogels
Chief Technology Officer
Amazon.com

What is Amazon.com?
Online Retail Business
• Over 72 million active customer accounts
• Seven countries: US, UK, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, China
• World‐Class Logistics – Multiple national fulfillment centers: Over 10
million ft2
Merchant Business
• Over 1.2 million active seller accounts
• Fulfillment by Amazon & Web Store by Amazon
• Amazon Enterprise Services
Developer Business
• Hundreds of thousands of Amazon Associates
• Over 290,000 software developers registered to use Amazon Web
Services

Amazon’s Developer Business
• Amazon Web Services
• 290,000 registered developers
• 10 different web service offerings, including:
– Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3)
– Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)
– Amazon Flexible Payments Service (Amazon
FPS)

Who said one
Datacenter
is enough …

The Reliability of Hard Disks
Failure Trends in a Large Disk Drive Population
Eduardo Pinheiro, Wolf-Dietrich Weber and Luiz André Barroso

Dream or Nightmare?
Scale to 100% ‐ 1000% increase popularity?
•
Provide 4 nines uptime?
•
Survive a complete datacenter failure?
•
Survive a router flapping?
•
While keeping cost low at the same time?
•

Chapter 4: Priorities – Scale Later – It is too hard to get right
Chapter 4: Priorities – Scale Later – It is too hard to get right

The 70/30 Switch

Scalable Infrastructure that allows
your applications to meet infinite
demand, cheaply and reliably

Amazon Web Services
22 22

Amazon Simple Storage Service
Amazon S3 is Storage for the Internet
• Scalable
– Can store an unlimited number of objects
• Reliable
– Redundant across multiple datacenters
– Availability SLA
• Fast
– Low‐latency access and delivery
• Simple
– Easy web services interface for developers
• Inexpensive
– Uses Amazon’s cost‐efficient infrastructure

Objects Stored in Amazon S3
10,000,000,000
5,000,000,000
800,000,000
July 2006
April 2007
October 2007

Amazon S3 now in Europe!
Developers can now
•
choose storage in
Europe
Low latency access
•
and delivery
to Europe at a
very low price

Creating a Storage Bucket in Europe
PUT / HTTP/1.1
Host: mybucket.s3.amazonaws.com
Content-Length: 111
Date: Mon, 05 Nov 2007 12:00:00 GMT
Authorization: AWS
15B4D3461F177624206A:xQE0diMbLRepdf3YB+FIEXAMPLE=
<CreateBucketConfiguration>
<LocationConstraint>
EU
</LocationConstraint>
</CreateBucketConfiguration>

Amazon S3 European Pricing
• Storage
US$ 0.18 per GB‐Month of storage used
• Data Transfer
US$ 0.10 per GB ‐ all data transfer in
US$ 0.18 per GB ‐ first 10 TB / month data transfer out
US$ 0.16 per GB ‐ next 40 TB / month data transfer out
US$ 0.13 per GB ‐ data transfer out / month over 50 TB
• Requests
US$ 0.012 per 1,000 PUT or LIST requests
US$ 0.012 per 10,000 GET and all other requests

http://aws.amazon.com

Web‐scale Computing