Awareness Without Overload

Awareness without Overload in Computer-Supported Collaborative Environments Adrien Joly Universiteit Twente, 19/03/2009 PhD supervisor: Pr. Pierre Maret

Abstract and scope Goal: Support collaboration and knowledge exchange by enabling Knowledge Social Ambient Awareness, based on Management Networking actions and computer-based CSCE context Proposition: A framework for Context- Context- Awareness Aware notifications First application environment: Enterprise workers * CSCE: Computer-Supported Collaboration Environment Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 2 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Ordre du jour 1. Motivation 2. Proposed solution 3. The Contextual Notification Framework 4. Research issues 5. Discussion

Motivation Social networking ties is about creating and maintaining people that are emotionally connected or have between common interests Have you met Ted?   Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 5 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Motivation new ties (as well as conversations) rely on: Creation of  Relevance of potential match common context of encounter  The  Trust as a warranty of relevance Transportation Conference Have you met Ted?   Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 6 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Motivation Office n°2 Office n°1 Office n°3 Office n°4 sell buy drive test People working in remote places lose visibility of their common context communication/collaboration opportunities they miss lack of capitalization leads to work duplication Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 7 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Conte Motivation : « 1.0 » communication tools xt 1.0 : hiera rchy Communication tools can help to increase awareness and initiate discussions I want to buy a car. Do you guys sell one? Office n°2 Office n°1 Office n°3 Office n°4 sell buy drive test Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 8 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Conte Motivation : « 1.0 » communication tools xt 1.0 : hiera rchy Communication tools can help to increase awareness and initiate discussions Awareness very time-consuming! … BUT make My baby has just born Pills for sale I like driving cars. I want to buy a car. He is so cute! -80% !!!! I want to sell my car. I test yours? Can Do you guys sell one? I work for a magazine SPAM! Anybody need one? Cars wanted for test Office n°2 Office n°1 Office n°3 Office n°4 sell buy drive test Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 9 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Conte Motivation : « 2.0 » communication tools xt 2.0 : cont ent Social Networking Platforms help to increase Awareness in the Enterprise ? Can Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 10 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Conte Motivation xt 2.0 : cont ent Social Networking Platforms help to increase Awareness in the Enterprise ? Can Content Sharing Expertise Promotion Social Notification Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 11 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Conte Motivation xt 2.0 : cont ent Social Networking Platforms help to increase Awareness in the Enterprise ? Can Numerous platforms to maintain and follow manually... Awareness turns to Overload Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 12 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Conte Motivation xt 3.0 : the u ser! Social Networking Platforms help to increase Awareness in the Enterprise ? Can Needed Content Sharing Contributions Expertise Activities Status Expertise Promotion Filter Updates Contacts Resources Social Notification Recognition Enterprise worker Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 13 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Background on CSCE Previo us wor Computer-Supported Collaborative Environments ks  [Dourish'92]: “Shared Feedback”:  Human annotation of tracked actions on documents  Add useful context information, and avoid duplication  [Amelung'05]: Context-Aware Activity Notification System (CANS):  Based on Sakai Collaboration & Learning Environment (web platform)  Social context only: “current membership, the collective goals of individuals” – Context = project / community of practice !  Basically, an adaptive publication/subscription system for web-based communities  Applied workspace awareness systems:  Collaborative bug tracking [Ellis'07]  Configuration management [Sarma'08]  Collaborative software development [Biehl'07] Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 14 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Proposed solution Office n°2 Office n°1 Office n°3 Office n°4 ??? sell buy drive test ??? ??? ??? People working in remote places lose visibility of their common context communication/collaboration opportunities they miss lack of capitalization leads to work duplication Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 16 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Proposed solution Office n°2 Office n°1 Office n°3 Office n°4 sell buy drive test     notifications notifications notifications notifications context context context context Contextual Notification Framework  Filtered Ambient Awareness Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 17 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Proposed solution – Use case Bob Alice Carol Bob is working on a Java development ??? ??? project.    notifications notifications notifications context context context Contextual Notification Framework Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 18 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Proposed solution – Use case Bob Alice Carol Bob is working on a Java development ??? ??? project, and one module does not work...    notifications notifications notifications context context context Contextual Notification Framework Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 19 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Proposed solution – Use case Bob Alice Carol Bob is working on a Java development ??? ??? project, and one module does not work... Alice and Carol have    been developing this notifications notifications notifications module. context context context Contextual Notification Framework Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 20 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Proposed solution – Use case Bob Alice Carol Bob is working on a Java development Bob project, and one SOS! module does not work... Alice and Carol have    been developing this notifications notifications notifications module. context context context Because she is also Similar context currently developing in Java, Alice is notified of Bob's Contextual Notification Framework problem. Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 21 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Proposed solution – Use case Bob Alice Carol Bob is working on a Transparent context updates Java development Bob project, and one SOS! module does not work... Contextually relevant notifications Alice and Carol have    been developing this notifications notifications notifications module. context context context New opportunities for communication and exchange is also Because she Similar context currently developing in Java, Alice is notified of Bob's Contextual Notification Framework Less cognitive overload problem. Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 22 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

The Contextual Notification Framework - architecture High level context Infrastructure Context Contextual User’s workstation aggregator Filter Interaction logs Proposed (REST interface) notifications Desktop activity Social notifier sniffers Enterprise worker Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 24 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

The Contextual Notification Framework – Theoritical dataflow Evt UC1 UC3 Evt Framework Evt UC2 User's Filtering and aggregation Event context Personalization Synthesis Aggregation KB Notifi- Categorization cation Low-level data and events User Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 25 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

The Contextual Notification Framework – Context and Events Event: The  Identifies an Action (or interaction)  From a person / an agent timestamp  At a given Event Contextual Cloud: The weighted tags  Contains  Represents the subject / topic of the event  Tags might hold additional attributes  e.g. Freshness, origin, reasoning path... Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 26 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

The Contextual Notification Framework – Context and Events - Examples Event: The  Identifies an Action (or interaction) Bob is trying to compile a module  From a person / an agent Adrien's browsing topic changed timestamp  At a given Event Pierre contributed to the report Contextual Cloud: The report deliverable weighted tags  Contains survey social project-Thunder networking mashup Represents the subject / topic of the event  ms-word WP5 facebook community contribution  Tags might hold additional attributes comments partners minutes twitter ambient  e.g. Freshness, origin, reasoning path... awareness people Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 27 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

The Contextual Notification Framework – Context and Events – Detailed example Event: The Bob is trying to compile a module  Identifies an Action (or interaction) com.eclipse.compile()  From a person / an agent alcatel-lucent.com/~bob timestamp  At a given 2009-03-17 14:15.01 Event Contextual Cloud: The weighted tags development(13)...  Contains  Represents the subject / topic of the event  Tags might hold additional attributes  e.g. Freshness, origin, reasoning path... Origin: localhost:80/firefox?tabs Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 28 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

The Contextual Notification Framework – Current implementation Evt Evt Framework Contextual Evt cloud Cloud similarity evaluation Event: Opening, Threshold closing, focusing Stop Aggregation on a page words Notifi- Keyword extraction cation (del.icio.us...) Browsed web pages (events) User Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 29 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Research issues Open questions for next steps  How to model events and their context ?  How to generate homogeneous contextual clouds ?  How to filter the contextual information ?  How to evaluate context proximity ? Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 31 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Discussion

Discussion Contextual Notification Framework to enable Ambient Awareness:  Logging user actions on his workstation  Event propagation with contextual synthesis  Context similarity evaluation for filtering relevant notifications  Designed for minimal user interaction and system transparency (privacy & trust) Next steps:  Iterative improvement of software  In-lab experiment to evaluate user acceptance and quality of logic  Generalization of the framework (outside the enterprise) Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 33 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

References  P. Dourish and V. Bellotti. Awareness and coordination in shared workspaces. In CSCW '92: Proceedings of the 1992 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work, pages 107-114, New York, NY, USA, 1992. ACM.  C. J. Amelung. A context-aware notification framework for developers of computer supported collaborative environments, PhD thesis, University of Missouri, 2005  J. B. Ellis, S. Wahid, C. Danis, and W. A. Kellogg. Task and social visualization in software development: evaluation of a prototype. In CHI '07: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, pages 577-586, New York, NY, USA, 2007. ACM.  A. Sarma, D. Redmiles, and A. van der Hoek. Empirical evidence of the benefits of workspace awareness in software configuration management. In SIGSOFT '08/FSE-16: Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Foundations of software engineering, pages 113-123, New York, NY, USA, 2008. ACM.  J. T. Biehl, M. Czerwinski, G. Smith, and G. G. Robertson. Fastdash: a visual dashboard for fostering awareness in software teams. In CHI '07: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, pages 1313-1322, New York, NY, USA, 2007. ACM.  A. Joly, P. Maret, and J. Daigremont. Context-awareness, the missing block of social networking. International Journal of Computer Science and Applications, 4(2), 2009. Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 34 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Appendix

Appendix: Keyword extraction results Web page: « Getting started with extension development – Mozillazine Knowledge Base » (about Firefox programming) http://kb.mozillazine.org/Getting_started_with_extension_development Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent, d.r. 37 | Awareness without Overload | March 2009

Awareness Without Overload

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