Cross media study

Top GearCross Media StudyThe ExamFormatsPrintTelevisionWebAudienceComparisons

The ExamThere will be a choice of two questions:These will always be about three topics.• How media products on different platforms are used by media producers.• How audiences use the products on the different platforms.• How & why the codes and conventions of the three platforms are different.

Platform Questions• What are the strengths of each platform for this kind of text?• How do the platforms work together?• Why does the audience benefit from the availability of the text on all the platforms?• How does the producer benefit from the way the platforms work together?

Producer Questions• What Institution(s) produced your texts?• What is the remit/promise of the(se) Institution(s)?• What else do they make?• What are the rival / competitor texts?• Who paid for the texts to be made?• How do the texts make money?• Do they entertain, educate, inform or persuade?

Audience Questions• In each text what do you are the demographics of the audience? (Age, Sex, Class)• In each text, what do you think are the ‘Psychographics’ of the audience? (Tribes, Lifestyle, VALS etc)• What Uses & Gratifications do the texts provide?

Platforms Research

Choose a media ‘text’.• TV Programme• A Radio programme• A recent Movie• A Computer Game• A Musical ‘Album’ or a ‘Single’

Find your text on the Print Platform (First)• TV or Radio programmeReview or Feature in a ‘Listings’ Magazine• Movie Review or Feature in a ‘Listings’ or Movie Magazine• A Computer Game Review or Feature in a ‘Listings’ or Games Magazine• A Musical ‘Album’ or a ‘Single’ Review or Feature in a ‘Listings’ or Music Magazine

Find your text on the Video Platform• TV or Radio programmeTV/Radio Programme, Trailer or Advert• Movie Movie, DVD or Trailer• A Computer Game Advert or review on TV• A Musical ‘Album’ or a ‘Single’ ‘Pro’ Music Video or TV Appearance

Find your text on the eMediaPlatform• TV or Radio programmeBroadcaster website, Fan site, iPlayer.Youtube, Blog• Movie Official site, Fan site, Review site, Blog, Zine• A Computer Game Official site, Fan site, Review site, Blog, Zine• A Musical ‘Album’ or a ‘Single’ Official site, Fan site, Zine, MySpace/Facebook

Television Formats Moran and Malbon (2006) define a TV format as:• ‘that set of invariable elements in a programme out of which the variable elements of an individual episode are produced’

Television Formats• Formats cost less time and money to produce than to create original shows• Formats also have a high potential for merchandising and brand extensions.• Formats (like genres) constitute …systematization of difference within repetition• Formats originate in a particular country’s TV market and then are sold the world over…keeping the core of the programme the same but … localize according to local tastes and sensibilities.

Television FormatsFormat trade worldwide has been increasing by more than 10% per year … As early as 1999, BBC Worldwide, the commercial arm of the BBC, created a ‘Format Factory’ which year on year has achieved high revenues, with format sales for 2006 closing at over £35 million… .The value of the global TV format business is in the excess of €2.4 billion, with the UK alone being the creator of more than 49% of all format hours broadcast worldwide … The UK has emerged as a world leader with formats constituting 45 per cent of all TV programmes exports ..

Analyse Print ‘text’

Main features of a front Skyline runs across the cover top of the page and calls out to the readers about some special attraction(s) Masthead Pull Quote a direct quote from the artist on the lead; the Main Image quote will anchor the the image chosen image will have been chosen for a reason; it will also link to the leadLead Article written article and pullin ‘reversed-out’ style with quote; it will alsowhite lettering and black link to the artists’background star persona and what they have been doing lately Cover Lines – words on the front cover that say The Left Third – essential to include the what’s inside of the important information on the left third of the magazine magazine; this is the area we see when the magazine is on the newsagents’ shelf

Skyline runs across the top of the page and calls out to the readers about some special attraction(s) Masthead Main Image the image chosen will have been chosen for a reason; it will also link to the leadLead Article written article and pullin ‘reversed-out’ style with quote; it will alsowhite lettering and black link to the artists’background star persona and what they have been doing lately Cover Lines – words on the front cover that say what’s inside of the magazine

Margins Indented ParagraphsWhite Space

Initial Letter (Drop Cap) Body Text Three Column Layout Justified Caption Page Number

Headline (Bold San Serif) Standfirst (Italic, Serif) Byline (San Serif, Red) Photo

Section Headings Horizontal Rules Subheading Vertical Rules4 ColumnsRanged Left

Basic typographyFont Type Examples UsageSerif Serifs are the small strokes at the ends of the Times letters. Serifs make small body text readable as the strokes lead the eye along the line; Century serif fonts can connote tradition, the past, authoritySans Serif Sans serif is French for ‘without serif’. Sans Arial serif connotes modernity in mastheads; often used as subheads within serif body text HelveticaScript Comic Sans Connotes personalisation – use sparinglyDisplay STENCIL Use sparingly for particular connotations

Analyse Video ‘text’ What are the key ingredients of the ‘Top Gear Format’?• Presenters & Presentation Style• Items/features and Narrative (Intro, Middle, End)• Cinematography (Camera work)• Mise-en-scène(Sets, Setting, Lighting, Costume)• Editing• Sound & Music

Analyse Video ‘text’Mise-en-scène“The cool, muted colours in the mise-en-scène of the Veyron sequence suggest typically male virtues of strength and dominance. Blues and blacks are used extensively (May is himself dressed in dark blue overalls for the challenge) and the lighting in the sequence is high key.”

Analyse Web ‘text’

Analyse Web ‘text’•What is the purpose of the page?•What is ‘above the fold’?•What is ‘below the fold’?•What on the page ‘pushes’•What ‘pulls’?

Analyse Web ‘text’

iPlayer combines different selectionsEditor Choice(Push) Own ChoiceChannelCatch Up People’s Choice

Analyse Web ‘text’ Top down Navigation ‘Fold’

Analyse Web ‘text’How does your page use:• A Header• Tables/Columns/A grid• Navigation bars/tools• Buttons (including rollovers) & Icons• Colour• Graphics & Photos• Animation• Video &Sound• ‘White Space’• UGC/Web 2.0 material

Analyse Web ‘text’• A Header• Tables/Columns/A grid• Navigation bars/tools• Buttons (including rollovers) & Icons• Colour• Graphics & Photos• Animation• Video &Sound• ‘White Space’• Web 2.0 functionality

Audience Research

Monthly Magazine Readership2009 (NRS)

BBC Television RatingsJuly 2009 (BARB)

UK Tribes

Boy RacersBritain’s fastest Tribe - by a long way. But look beyond thestereotypes of criminality and bad behaviour and you’ll find aproud, resourceful bunch.These are the young men and women whose first goal, aged 16, is to get a driving license andhit the roads – fast. From here, it’s a short step to getting under the bonnet, adding a stereo(first and foremost) and then adding everything else they can get their hands on. Mark 1 FordEscorts were the original Boy Racers’ wheels of choice. These days, the Renault Clio,CitroenSaxo and Peugeot 306 are the entry level choices, with Japanese makes like Subarumarking the next step up.Though a large percentage of this Tribe are unsurprisingly male, there’s also a sizeable femalefollowing….While this tribe is often demonised by mainstream media, it’s a view contested by peopleinvolved with it (they can be a defensive bunch at times but little surprise given perceptions ofthem). Many cite getting into car modification as something that’s kept them on the straight-and-narrow. There’s a strong work ethic at play and a real sense of dedication to the cause.Boy Racers Youtube

Choose a second media ‘text’. The Second text needs to be comparable (not ‘chalk and cheese’)

Choosing a Second media ‘text’.TV ProgrammeA programme with the same:• Genre/Format (Quiz, Makeover, Talent,)• Theme/Content (Fashion, Health, Politics)

Choosing a Second media ‘text’.TV ProgrammeBut with different:• Producers/Distributors (ITV v BBC )• Audience (Age, Sex, Social Class)

Platforms ResearchText One: Top Gear• The TV Programme• The BBC Website/YouTube Site• The Magazine

Platforms ResearchText Two: TheGadget ShowA programme with the same:• Genre/Format (Magazine/Feature/Review)• Theme/Content (Technology, Consumerism, ‘Boy’s Toys’)

Platforms ResearchTV Programme: The Gadget ShowBut with different:• Producers/Distributors (Five v BBC )• Audience (Age, Social Class)

Platforms ResearchTV Programme: ‘Top Gear’Comparison text: ‘The Gadget Show’Texts might include• The Gadget Show TV Programme• The C5 Website/YouTube Site• ‘Stuff’ or ‘Autocar’ Magazine

Cross media study

by adamranson on May 15, 2011

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Cross media study Presentation Transcript