PMP PMBOK 5TH Ch 6 time management

CH6:
Project Time Management
ABDULLAH ALKHADRAWY, PMP

Course Instructor:
 Abdullah Ahmed Al-Khadrawy.
 BSc. Civil Engineering 2006 (V.Good HD).
 Graduation Project (Project Management)
2006.(Excellent graded)
 Certified from Primavera Inc. ® : Advanced user for
Primavera P6 (2008).
 Certified from Primavera Inc. ® : Advanced user for
primavera Contract Manager 12 (2009).
 Attended courses (PMP, CCE, FIDIC, Project
Management, Arbitration for Engineering Contracts)
[2007-2013]
 Certified from PMI ® as PMP ® April2011
mahmed210@gmail.com

Schedule model
Representation of the plan for executing the project’s activities
including durations, dependencies, and other planning
information, used to produce project schedules along with
other scheduling artifacts.

6.1 Plan
Schedule
6.7 Control
Management Schedule
6.2 Define
Activities
6.3 Sequence
Activities
6.4 Estimate
Activity
Resources
6.5 Estimate
Activity
Durations
6.6 Develop
Schedule
manage the timely completion of the project
Initiating Planning Executing
Monitoring and
Controlling
Closing
6
Project Time
Management
6.1 Plan
Schedule
6.7 Control
Management Schedule
6.2 Define
Activities
6.3 Sequence
Activities
6.4 Estimate
Activity
Resources
6.5 Estimate
Activity
Durations
6.6 Develop
Schedule
manage the timely completion of the project
Initiating Planning Executing
Monitoring and
Controlling
Closing
Project Time
Management
6

6.1 Plan Schedule Management
.1 Project management plan
.2 Project charter
.3 Enterprise environmental factors
.4 Organizational process assets
.1 Expert judgment
.2 Analytical techniques
.3 Meetings
.1 Schedule management plan
establishing the policies, procedures, and documentation for planning,
developing, managing, executing, and controlling the project schedule
Planning

6.1PlanScheduleManagement:-
1. Project management plan
2. Project charter
3. Enterprise environmental factors
4. Organizational process assets
Inputs

6.1PlanScheduleManagement:- Inputs
3. Enterprise Environmental Factors
• Organizational culture and structure can all influence schedule
management;
• Resource availability and skills that may influence schedule planning;
• Project management software provides the scheduling tool and
alternative possibilities for managing the schedule;
• Published commercial information, such as resource productivity
information, is often available from commercial databases that track;
• Organizational work authorization systems.

6.1PlanScheduleManagement:- Inputs
• Monitoring and reporting tools to be used;
• Historical information;
• Schedule control tools;
• Existing formal and informal schedule control related policies, procedures, and
guidelines;
• Templates;
• Project closure guidelines;
• Change control procedures; and
• Risk control procedures including risk categories, probability definition and impact,
and probability and impact matrix.

6.1PlanScheduleManagement:- ToolsandTechniques:-
1. Expert judgment
2. Analytical techniques
3. Meetings

6.1PlanScheduleManagement:- ToolsandTechniques:-
2. Analytical techniques
• Scheduling methodology,
• Scheduling tools and techniques,
• Estimating approaches,
• Formats,
• Project management software.
• Ways to fast track or crash

6.1 Plan Schedule Management Outputs
1. Schedule Management Plan
• Project schedule model development. The scheduling methodology and the
scheduling tool
• Level of accuracy. The acceptable range used in determining realistic activity
duration.
• Units of measure. Each unit used in measurements is defined for each of the
resources.
• Organizational procedures links. The WBS (Section 5.4) provides the framework
for the schedule management plan.
• Project schedule model maintenance. The process used to update the status and
record progress of the project in the schedule model during the execution of the
project is defined.
• Control thresholds. Variance thresholds for monitoring schedule performance.
Thresholds are typically expressed as percentage deviations from the parameters
established in the baseline plan.

6.1 Plan Schedule Management Outputs
1. Schedule Management Plan
• Rules of performance measurement. Earned value management (EVM) rules or
other physical measurement rules of performance measurement are set. For
example, the schedule management plan may specify:
 Rules for establishing percent complete,
 Control accounts at which management of progress and schedule will be measured,
 Earned value measurement techniques (e.g., baselines, fixed-formula, percent complete, etc.)
• Schedule performance measurements such as schedule variance (SV) and schedule
performance index (SPI)
• Reporting formats. The formats and frequency for the various schedule reports are
defined.
• Process descriptions. Descriptions of each of the schedule management processes.

Project charter
provides the PM
with authority
Q: Which project management
process should a project manager
perform to get a formal authorization
for a project or a project phase?
A. Develop Project Management plan
B. Develop Project Charter
C. Perform Integrated Change Control
D. Direct and Manage Project Execution
B

6.2 Define Activities
.2 Scope baseline
.1 Decomposition
.2 Rolling wave planning
.3 Expert judgment
.1 Activity list
.2 Activity attributes
.3 Milestone list
identifying and documenting the specific actions to be performed to produce
the project deliverables
Planning

6.2DefineActivities
1. Schedule management plan
2. Scope baseline
Inputs

6.2DefineActivities:- ToolsandTechniques:-
1. Decomposition
2. Rolling wave planning
3. Expert judgment

6.2DefineActivities:- ToolsandTechniques:-
2. Rolling wave planning
• an iterative planning technique in which the work to
be accomplished in the near term is planned in detail,
while the work in the future is planned at a higher level
• It is a form of progressive elaboration.
•. As more is known about the upcoming events in the
near term, work packages can be decomposed into
activities.

6.2 Define Activities Outputs
1. Activity list
2. Activity attributes
3. Milestone list

1. Activity list
Code Description UOM
GENERAL
110 Asset inspections
111 Routine inspections km
112 Additional inspections each
PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE
200 Routine Pavement
201 Pothole repair m
2
202 Edge repair m
203 Repair wearing surface m
2
204 Correct pavement shape m
2
209 Reinstatement of road openings m
2
210 Cracks and Joints
211 Crack sealing flexible pavement m
2
212 Crack sealing rigid pavement m
2
213 Cross-stitching cracks and joints each
214 Repair joints m
215 Repair spalls m
220 Unsealed Pavement
221 Formation grading km
222 Formation resheeting
A
km
223 Incorporate new base material
B
m
3
224 Formation earthworks m
3
225 Initial sealing of formation km
Activity
Group
Maintenance Activity

 During the initial stages of the project, they include
• the activity identifier (ID), WBS ID, and activity label or name, and
 when completed, may include
• Activity codes, activity description, predecessor activities, successor activities, logical
relationships, leads and lags, resource requirements, imposed dates, constraints, and
assumptions, the person responsible for executing the work, geographic area, or place
,calendar the activity is assigned to, and activity type such as level of effort (often
abbreviated as LOE), discrete effort, and apportioned effort.

3. Milestone list
 Significant events.
 Almost represents start date or finish date, or a standalone event
 Maybe mandatory (contractual), or just guidance.
 Zero duration & no resources.

6.3 Sequence Activities
identifying and documenting relationships among the project activities
Planning
.1 Precedence diagramming method
(PDM)
.2 Dependency determination
.3 Leads and lags
.2 Activity list
.4 Milestone list
.5 Project scope statement
.6 Enterprise environmental
factors
.1 Project schedule network
diagrams
.2 Project documents updates

Logical Relationships
ActivityActivity
Start to Start (SS)
ActivityActivity
ActivityActivity ActivityActivity
Finish to Start (FS)
Finish to Finish (FF)
Start to Finish (SF)

Logical Relationships
Start FinishActivityActivity
At l e a st o n e p re d e ce s s o r
( FS - o r - S S )
At l e a st o n e s u c c e s s o r
( FS - o r - F F )

6.3SequenceActivities:-
2. Activity list
4. Milestone list
5. Project scope statement
Inputs

• Government or industry standards,
•Project management information system (PMIS),
• Scheduling tool,
•Company work authorization systems.
Inputs

• Project files from the corporate knowledge base used for scheduling
methodology,
• Existing formal and informal activity planning-related policies,
procedures, and guidelines, such as the scheduling methodology
• Templates
• Related activity attributes information in templates
Inputs

6.3SequenceActivities:- ToolsandTechniques:-
1. Precedence diagramming method (PDM)
2. Dependency determination
3. Leads and lags

LogicalRelationships
ActivityActivity
Start to Start (SS)
ActivityActivity
Finish to Start (FS)
Finish to Finish (FF)
Start to Finish (SF)
6.3SequenceActivities:- Tools and Techniques:-

6.3SequenceActivities:- Tools and Techniques:-

•Mandatory dependencies :- legally or contractually required or
inherent in the nature of the work (Hard Logic)
E.g. Construction (form work must be finished before
concreting).
•Discretionary dependencies (Soft Logic) :- also (preferred logic)
 You have the option to prefer to implement any of the two
activities before or concurrent the other one.

•External dependencies:- relationship between project activities and
non-project activities OR dependencies are usually outside the
project team’s control
 e.g. Delivery of testing hardware for a software project.
•Internal dependencies :- precedence relationship between project
activities. & inside the project team’s control

3. Leads and lags
•Leads: amount of time, the successor can advance the predecessor .
e.g. Landscaping can be started, before the building construction totally
completes.
•Lags (Waiting Period) e.g. you can’t dismantle the form for a
concrete poured element, unless you wait for a main period.

6.3 Sequence Activities Outputs
1. Project schedule network diagrams
2. Project documents updates

Project documents that may be updated include, but are not limited to:
Activity lists,
Activity attributes,
Milestone list, and
Risk register.

6.4 Estimate Activity Resources
estimating the type and quantities of material, human resources,
equipment, or supplies required to perform each activity
Planning
.1 Expert judgment
.2 Alternative analysis
.3 Published estimating data
.4 Bottom-up estimating
.5 Project management software
.2 Activity list
.4 Resource calendars
.5 Risk register
.6 Activity cost estimates
.1 Activity resource requirements
.2 Resource breakdown structure

6.4EstimateActivityResources:-
2. Activity list
4. Resource calendars
5. Risk register
6. Activity cost estimates
Inputs

6.4EstimateActivityResources:-
• identifies the working days and shifts on which each specific resource is
available.
Inputs

5. Risk register
• Risk events may impact resource selection and availability.
6.4EstimateActivityResources:- Inputs

• E.g. resource location, availability, and skills.
• E.g. Policies and procedures regarding staffing,
•Policies and procedures relating to rental and purchase of
supplies and equipment, and
•Historical information regarding types of resources used for
similar work on previous projects.
6.4EstimateActivityResources:- Inputs

6.4EstimateActivityResources:- ToolsandTechniques:-
1. Expert judgment
2. Alternative analysis
3. Published estimating data
4. Bottom-up estimating
5. Project management software

1. Expert judgment
•Any group or person with specialized knowledge in resource planning
and estimating can provide such expertise

2. Alternative analysis
•Many schedule activities have alternative methods of accomplishment.
•Using various levels of resource capability or skills, different size
or type of machines, different tools (hand versus automated),
and make- rent-or-buy decisions regarding the resource

3. Published estimating data
• Updated production rates and unit costs of resources for an extensive
array of labor trades, material, and equipment for different countries and
geographical locations within countries.

4. Bottom-up estimating
•Estimating project duration, resources, or cost by aggregating the
estimates of the lower-level components of the WBS.
•When an activity cannot be estimated with a reasonable degree of
confidence, the work within the activity is decomposed into more detail.
•The resource needs are estimated. These estimates are then aggregated
into a total quantity for each of the activity’s resources.

•E.g.
•Scheduling Software.
•ERP Software (Enterprise Resource Planning).
•Work Sheets.

6.4 Estimate Activity Resources Outputs
1. Activity resource requirements
2. Resource breakdown structure

* The types and quantities of resources required for each activity in a
work package.
* Aggregated to determine the estimated resources for each work
package and each work period.

2. Resource Breakdown Structure
* Hierarchical representation of resources by category and type

3. Project Documents Updates
e.g.
•Activity list,
•Activity attributes,
•Resource calendars.

6.5 Estimate Activity Durations
estimating the number of work periods needed to complete individual activities
with estimated resources
Planning
.1 Expert judgment
.2 Analogous estimating
.3 Parametric estimating
.4 Three-point estimating
.5 Group decision-making
techniques
.6 Reserve analysis
.2 Activity list
.7 Risk register
.1 Activity duration estimates

6.5EstimateActivityDurations:-
2. Activity list
7. Risk register
Inputs

• E.g. Duration estimating databases and other reference data,
•Productivity metrics,
•Published commercial information, and
•Location of team members.
• E.g. Historical duration information,
•Project calendars,
•Scheduling methodology, and
•Lessons learned.
6.5EstimateActivityDurations:- Inputs

6.5EstimateActivityDurations:- ToolsandTechniques:-
1. Expert judgment
2. Analogous estimating
3. Parametric estimating
4. Three-point estimating
5. Group decision-making techniques
6. Reserve analysis

6.5EstimateActivityDurations:-ToolsandTechniques:-
2- Analogous Estimating:
oUses historical information, expert judgment.
oThink “analogy” – something similar
oRelatively quick and low cost to produce
oUsed when:
o Only limited information available.
o Similar project information available
o Estimators have right experience.

6.5EstimateActivityDurations:- Tools and Techniques:-
3- Parametric Estimating:
oUsed to predict total project costs or duration by using project's
characteristics in a mathematical model .
oFor example, if the assigned resource is capable of installing 25 meters
of cable per hour, the duration required to install 1,000 meters is 40
hours. (1,000 meters divided by 25 meters per hour).
ocan produce higher levels of accuracy depending upon the
sophistication and underlying data built into the model.

6.5EstimateActivityDurations:- Tools and Techniques:-
4- Three Points Estimating: (Weighted average)
oTriangular Distribution = (O + M + P) / 3
oBeta Distribution = (O + 4M + P) / 6 (Refer to PERT analysis )

6.5EstimateActivityDurations:- ToolsandTechniques:-
6. Reserve analysis
• Contingency reserves, sometimes referred to as time reserves or buffers,
into the project schedule to account for schedule uncertainty
Original Duration Buffer

6.5 Estimate Activity Durations Outputs
1. Activity duration estimates

6.6 Develop Schedule
analyzing activity sequences, durations, resource requirements, and schedule
constraints to create the project schedule model
Planning
.1 Schedule network analysis
.2 Critical path method
.3 Critical chain method
.4 Resource optimization techniques
.5 Modeling techniques
.6 Leads and lags
.7 Schedule compression
.8 Scheduling tool
.2 Activity list
.4 Project schedule network
diagrams
.7 Activity duration estimates
.9 Risk register
.10 Project staff assignments
.12 Enterprise environmental
factors
.1 Schedule baseline
.2 Project schedule
.3 Schedule data
.4 Project calendars
.5 Project management plan updates

6.6DevelopSchedule:-
2. Activity list
4. Project schedule network diagrams
7. Activity duration estimates
9. Risk register
10. Project staff assignments
Inputs

6.6DevelopSchedule:- ToolsandTechniques:-
1. Schedule network analysis
2. Critical path method
3. Critical chain method
4. Resource optimization techniques
5. Modeling techniques
6. Leads and lags
7. Schedule compression
8. Scheduling tool

6.6DevelopSchedule:- Tools and Techniques:-
1. Schedule network analysis
• Technique that generates the project schedule model.
• Various analytical techniques, such as critical path method, critical
chain method, what-if analysis, and resource optimization techniques to
calculate the early and late start and finish dates for the uncompleted
portions of project activities

• Method used to estimate the minimum project duration and determine
the amount of scheduling flexibility on the logical network paths within
the schedule model.
• Calculates the early start, early finish, late start, and late finish dates for
all activities
• Without regard for any resource limitations.
• Performing a forward and backward pass analysis through the
schedule network

• The critical path is the sequence of activities that represents the longest
path through a project.
• The critical path determines the shortest possible project duration.
• The resulting early and late start and finish dates are not necessarily the
project schedule, because the critical path method is used to calculate the
amount of scheduling flexibility on the logical network paths within the
schedule model.

© WILEY 2010
Some Network Definitions
• All activities on the critical path have zero slack (0 float)
• Slack defines how long non-critical activities can be delayed without
delaying the project
• Slack = the activity’s late finish minus its early finish (or its late start
minus its early start)
• Earliest Start (ES) = the earliest finish of the immediately preceding
activity
• Earliest Finish (EF) = is the ES plus the activity time
• Latest Start (LS) and Latest Finish (LF) = the latest an activity can start
(LS) or finish (LF) without delaying the project completion

© WILEY 2010
-Example:
* Find the Critical Path for the next network

© WILEY 2010
NetworkDiagramthe-1Step

© WILEY 2010
AddDeterministicTimeEstimatesandConnectedPaths-2Step

© WILEY 2010
:CalculatetheProjectCompletionTimes)Con’t(2Step
The longest path (A B D E G I J K ) limits the
project’s duration (project cannot finish in less
time than its longest path)
ABDEGIJK is the project’s critical path

3. Critical chain method (CCM)
• Schedule method that allows the project team to place buffers on any
project schedule path to account for limited resources and project
uncertainties.
• It is developed from the critical path method approach and considers
the effects of resource allocation, resource optimization, resource
leveling, and activity duration uncertainty on the critical path
determined using the critical path method.
• To do so, the critical chain method introduces the concept of buffers and
buffer management.

• The critical chain method uses activities with durations that do not
include safety margins, logical relationships, and resource availability
• The resource-constrained critical path is known as the critical chain.
• The critical chain method adds duration buffers that are non-work
schedule activities to manage uncertainty
• One buffer, placed at the end of the critical chain, is known as the
project buffer and protects the target finish date from slippage along the
critical chain.

• Once the buffer schedule activities are determined, the planned
activities are scheduled to their latest possible planned start and finish
dates.
• Consequently, instead of managing the total float of network paths, the
critical chain method focuses on managing the remaining buffer
durations against the remaining durations of chains of activities.

• Feeding buffers, placed at each point where a chain of dependent
activities that are not on the critical chain feeds into the critical chain.
• Feeding buffers thus protect the critical chain from slippage along the
feeding chains.
• Duration buffers non-work schedule activities be added to manage
uncertainty
• Project buffer One buffer, placed at the end of the critical chain

CPM CCM
Consideration for Duration & relation Consider resources conditions & the
uncertainity in addition
Resources Conditions Considers the optimumstatus Consider resource allocation, resource
optimization, resource leveling
Paths Concept Calculation Custumized by buffers
Criticality Criticalpath (zero float) Criticalchain (group of buffer assigned paths)
Calculation Forward path & backword path Depend on cpmcalculations plus buffers
Buffers Not custumized, just float calculation Calculated to cover resources conditions and
uncertainity

• Resource leveling. A technique in which start and finish dates are
adjusted based on resource constraints with the goal of balancing
demand for resources with the available supply.

• Resource leveling

• Resource Smoothing adjusts the activities of a schedule model such
that the requirements for resources on the project do not exceed certain
predefined resource limits
• In resource smoothing, , the project’s critical path is not changed and
the completion date may not be delayed, as opposed to resource leveling
• Activities may only be delayed within their free and total float. Thus
resource smoothing may not be able to optimize all resources.

5. Modeling techniques e.g.
• What-If Scenario Analysis process of evaluating scenarios in order to
predict their effect, positively or negatively, on project objectives
• The outcome of the what-if scenario analysis can be used to assess the
feasibility of the project schedule under adverse conditions, and in
preparing contingency and response plans to overcome or mitigate the
impact of unexpected situations.

5. Modeling techniques e.g.
• Simulation calculating multiple project durations with
different sets of activity assumptions.
• usually using probability distributions constructed from
the three-point estimates to account for uncertainty.
• The most common simulation technique is Monte Carlo,
• in which a distribution of possible activity durations is
defined for each activity and used to calculate a
distribution of possible outcomes for the total project.

7. Schedule Compression
• To shorten the schedule duration without reducing the project scope, in
order to meet schedule constraints, imposed dates, or other schedule
objectives. E.g.
• Crashing shorten the schedule duration for the least incremental cost by
adding resources.
• Fast tracking in which activities or phases normally done in sequence
are performed in parallel for at least a portion of their duration.

7. Schedule Compression

8. Scheduling Tool
• Automated scheduling tools contain the schedule model and expedite
the scheduling process by generating start and finish dates based on the
inputs of activities, network diagrams, resources and activity durations
using schedule network analysis.
• A scheduling tool can be used in conjunction with other project
management software applications as well as manual methods.

6.6 Develop Schedule Outputs
1. Schedule baseline
2. Project schedule
3. Schedule data
4. Project calendars
5. Project management plan updates

1. Schedule baseline
• The approved version of a schedule model that can be changed only through
formal change control procedures and is used as a basis for comparison to actual
results.
• It is accepted and approved by the appropriate stakeholders as the schedule
baseline with baseline start dates and baseline finish dates.
• During monitoring and controlling, the approved baseline dates are compared to
the actual start and finish dates to determine whether variances have occurred.
• The schedule baseline is a component of the project management plan.

2. Project schedule (Presentation)
• The outputs from a schedule model are schedule presentations. The
project schedule is an output of a schedule model that presents linked
activities with planned dates, durations, milestones, and resources.

2. Project schedule (e.g.)
• Bar charts (Gantt charts)

• Milestone charts

• Project schedule network diagrams

3. Schedule data
• Includes at least the schedule milestones, schedule activities, activity attributes, and
documentation of all identified assumptions and constraints.
• Information frequently supplied as supporting detail includes, but is not limited to:
* Resource requirements by time period, often in the form of a resource
histogram;
* Alternative schedules, such as best-case or worst-case, not resource-leveled,
or resource-leveled, with or without imposed dates; and
* Scheduling of contingency reserves.

* E.g.
• Activity resource requirements.
• Activity attributes.
• Calendars.
• Risk register.

6.7 Control Schedule
.2 Project schedule
.3 Work performance data
.4 Project calendars
.5 Schedule data
.1 Performance reviews
.2 Project management software
.3 Resource optimization
techniques
.4 Modeling techniques
.5 Leads and lags
.6 Schedule compression
.7 Scheduling tool
.1 Work performance information
.2 Schedule forecasts
.3 Change requests
updates
updates
monitoring the status of project activities to update project progress and
manage changes to the schedule baseline to achieve the plan.
Monitoring&controlling

6.7ControlSchedule
- As a component of the Perform Integrated Change Control process
concerned with:
• Determining the current status of the project schedule,
• Influencing the factors that create schedule changes,
• Determining if the project schedule has changed, and
• Managing the actual changes as they occur.

6.7ControlSchedule
- If any agile approach is utilized, control schedule is concerned with:
• Determining the current status of the project schedule by comparing the total
amount of work delivered and accepted against the estimates of work complete
for the elapsed time cycle,
• Conducting retrospective reviews (scheduled reviews to record lessons learne
for correcting processes and improving, if required,
• Reprioritizing the remaining work plan (backlog),
• Determining the rate at which the deliverables are produced, validated, and
accepted (velocity) in given time per iteration (agreed work cycle duration,
typically two weeks or one month),
• Determining that the project schedule has changed, and
• Managing the actual changes as they occur.

6.7ControlSchedule:-
1. Project management plan
2. Project schedule
3. Work performance data
4. Project calendars
5. Schedule data
Inputs

6.7ControlSchedule:-
E.g.
•Existing formal and informal schedule control-related policies,
procedures, and guidelines;
• Schedule control tools; and
• Monitoring and reporting methods to be used.
Inputs

6.7ControlSchedule:- Tools andTechniques:-
1. Performance reviews
4. Modeling techniques
5. Leads and lags
6. Schedule compression
7. Scheduling tool

• Trend analysis
• Examines project performance over
time to determine whether
performance is improving or
deteriorating.
• Graphical analysis techniques are
valuable for understanding performance
to date and for comparison to future
performance goals in the form of
completion dates.

• Critical path method (CPM)
• Comparing the progress along the critical path can help determine
schedule status.
• The variance on the critical path will have a direct impact on the project end date.
• Critical chain method (CCM)
• Comparing the amount of buffer remaining to the amount of buffer
needed to protect the delivery date can help determine schedule status.
• The difference between the buffer needed and the buffer remaining can
determine whether corrective action is appropriate.

• Earned value management
• Schedule performance measurements such as schedule variance
(SV) and schedule performance index (SPI), are used to assess the
magnitude of variation to the original schedule baseline.
• For projects not using earned value management, similar variance
analysis can be performed by comparing planned activity start or
finish dates against actual start or finish dates to identify variances
between the schedule baseline and actual project performance

6.7 Control Schedule Outputs
1. Work performance information
2. Schedule forecasts
3. Change requests
6. Organizational process assets updates

1. Work performance information
* The calculated SV and SPI time performance
indicators for WBS components, in particular the
work packages and control accounts, are
documented and communicated to stakeholders.

2. Schedule Forecasts
• Schedule forecasts are predictions of conditions and events in the project’s
future, & updated and reissued based on work performance information
provided as the project is executed.

3. Change requests
• Modifications to the project scope or project schedule may result in change
requests to the schedule baseline, scope baseline, and/or other components of
the project management plan.
• Preventive actions may include recommended changes to eliminate or reduce
the probability of negative schedule variances..

• include, but are not limited to:
•Schedule baseline. related to project scope changes, activity resources, or The
schedule baseline may be updated to reflect changes caused by schedule
compression techniques.
• Schedule management plan.
• Cost baseline. The cost baseline may be updated to reflect approved change
requests or changes caused by compression techniques.

• Schedule Data.
• Project Schedule.
• Risk Register.

6. Organizational Process Assets Updates
• Causes of variances,
•Corrective action chosen and the reasons, and
•Other types of lessons learned from project schedule control

PMP PMBOK 5TH Ch 6 time management

PMP PMBOK 5TH Ch 6 time management

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