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Basic Testing Techniques
:Presented by
Dr. Mamdoah M. Subahi
?What is the meaning of Test
With your group think
please what do we mean by
the word Test?
:The word Test means
To evaluate formally
and informally.
 Tests are: means of
providing both teacher
and learner with feed
back.

What is the importance
?of tests

In your opinion why
do you think tests
are important?


There are many reasons that
:make tests important




1- School administration
promote or fail students in the
light of their performance on
formal tests.
2- Teachers judge their teaching
methods, techniques, and
activities according to the
students’ results in different
tests.
Why tests are ?important
3- Students know their points
of weakness and strength.
Then, they work on avoiding
their point of weakness.
 4- The curriculum designer
decide how to develop their
materials.

Why tests are important?


5- Tests results give
parents a clear picture of
their children’s levels.
What do we need to test?


As a competent teacher
will you tell me what
language areas do you
need to test?
There are two major
language areas to be
tested:
1- Language skills : here you
are testing: listening,
speaking, reading and writing.
 2- Language components :
here you are testing:
pronunciation, spelling,
vocabulary, grammar and
punctuation .

What are some of test
types?
-With your group will you think
of as many test types as you
can?
-And try to tell some of each
type’s advantages and
disadvantages.
1- True / False type:


-

-

With your group please,
think:
What is true and false test?
What are some of the
advantages and
disadvantages of this type?
1- True / False type






Students read or listen to a text, then
they respond by saying or writing True
(T) or False (F).
E.g. : There are 5 books on the table.
T. : There are 7 books on the table.
S. : False.
-Advantages and
Disadvantages:







Advantages: - easy to prepare.
- easy to score.
Disadvantages: - 50% guessing
chance.
- little writing involved.
involved
2- Multiple-choice type:


-

With your group please,
think:
What is multiple-choice test?
What are some of the
advantages and
disadvantages of this type ?
2- Multiple-choice type:
The students read a text and
respond to a question related to it
by selecting from 3, 4 or 5 options:
e.g. : A person who sells meat is a
……


a- carpenter b- butcher c- driver dbaker
Advantages and
disadvantages







Advantages: - easy to score.
- covers a big number of the presented
items.
- Disadvantages: -Guessing chances
are still there (the more options the less
guessing).
- selecting suitable options is sometimes
difficult.
3- Essay (openended) questions


Please, think with your
group what is meant by
essay (open-ended)
questions?
3- Essay (open-ended)
questions






Students are given a Whquestion that can be answered
in one or more sentences.
E.g. What is your favorite
subject?
Describe your family.
Advantages and
disadvantages









Advantages:
gives chance for self-expression.
reflects student’s proficiency in many
different language components and skills.
Disadvantages:
Difficult to score objectively.
Allows students to use options, thus
avoiding the point being tested.
4- Completion
Please, think with your
group what is meant by
completion questions?
 Don’t forget the
advantages and
disadvantages.

4- Completion







Students are asked to complete one or
more sentences by inserting words in
spaces. The ended words may or may
not be provided at the head of the test.
E.g. : Books are made of ……….
E.g. : ( day – tomorrow – month )
Monday is the third ……… of the week.
January is a ……………
Advantages and disadvantages of completion








Advantages:
focuses on a specific word or
structure.
Easy to score.
Disadvantages:
reflects only a limited ability.
Tests recognition rather than
production.
Matching- 5
Please, think with your
group what is meant by
matching questions?
 Don’t forget the
advantages and
disadvantages.

5- Matching:









Matching: students are given two
columns: A and B. They have to join
an item in column B with the item it
corresponds with in column A.
e.g. :
A
B
(1) hurried
( ) liked
(2) cried
( ) not interesting
(3) enjoyed
( ) shouted
( ) went quickly
5- Matching





Another alternative is that
students can match a group of
words or sentences with a group
of pictures:
e.g.:
5 pictures with 6 words they
match them.
Advantages and
disadvantages of matching








Advantages:
Easy to score.
Word and sentences matching are easy
to prepare.
Disadvantages:
Chance for guessing.
Sometimes it is difficult to draw pictures
Changing a table or a map- 6
into a text






Students are given a table or a map
to ‘read’. Then they use the
information in any of them in writing
a text.
E.g. this table tells you about some
people. Make sentences, for
example:
Osama s a businessman. He lives in
Jeddah.
Table:






Name
Osama
Sami
Sara
Kamal

Job
Living
businessman Jeddah
engineer
Dhahran
nurse
Riyadh
tourist guide Abha
Advantages and Disadvantages
of changing table or a map.






Advantages:
Provides guided writing practice.
Easy to score.
Disadvantages:
Sometimes difficult to design.
7- Filling a table or a map from
a running text.


Students read a text, then
insert information form it
into an accompanying
table or map.
E.g. : Read the following passage carefully and
fill in the table at the bottom of the page:




1- Saturday:
The tourists will
arrive at King A.
Aziz International air
port at eleven thirty
at night. Jamal will
meet them at the
airport. He will take
them to their hotel
by bus.




2- Monday:
In the morning,
Jamal will take them
to the sea. They will
go by taxi. In the
afternoon, they will
visit Al- Balad Area.
At nine o’clock, they
will go to a Chinese
restaurant.
Day
Saturday
Monday

Morning Afternoon Evenin
g
Advantages and Disadvantages of
filling table or a map from a
running text.

Advantages:
 Useful for checking
comprehension.


Disadvantages:
 Sometimes difficult to design.

8- Correction









Students are asked to correct a wrong word
between brackets or in a sentence, also,
punctuation errors.
E.g.1- Write the verb in brackets in the correct
form:
Yesterday I (go) to Jeddah.
E.g. 2- Correct the spelling mistakes in this
sentence:
Cabages and tomatos are vegetables.
Advantages and Disadvantages
of Correction







Advantages:
Focuses on specific point.
Easy to correct.
Disadvantages:
Gives limited language practice.
Students are exposed to the wrong
forms and spellings.
9- Dictation








Students listen to the teacher or to a
tape and do one or more of the
following activities:
- write exactly what the teacher says.
- fill a table from the text they listen to.
- answer questions depending on the
text they listen to.
They also can fill in missing letters.
Advantages and Disadvantages
of dictation.








Advantages:
Tests listening comprehension, writing,
vocabulary, grammar and punctuation.
Easy to prepare and to score.
Advantages:
The teacher may not be a good model.
Suitable tapes are not always available.
10- Cloze Test:


Students are given a text of some
sentences. The first and the last
sentences in the text are left complete.
Starting from the second sentence,
every fifth word is deleted. Students are
asked to restore these words or their
equivalents.
:Examples of cloze test


Oil is very important in the
modern word. Many things are
made of oil. Petrol for planes is
extracted from oil. Some trains,
lorries and Ships run on oil. Most
plastics are made of oil .
Advantages and Disadvantages
of cloze test.






Advantages:
A global test.
Easy to score and to prepare.
Disadvantages:
Sometimes it is difficult to evaluate the
equivalents.
11-Re-arrangement
( put in order):


Students are given a sentence with
jumbled words and they have to
arrange – to put them in order- to from a
meaningful sentence. They may be
given a number of jumbled sentences
and ask them to arrange them to form a
meaningful paragraph.
:examples of rearrangement






E.g. 1- Write the following words in the
right order to form a good meaningful
sentence:
will – get – tomorrow – six thirty –
Ahmad- up - at
E.g. 2- write the following sentences in
the correct order to from a good story:
:e.g. 2- of arrangements










- The fox saw the crow on a tree, with

a piece of meat n its mouth.
- The fox was very clever and said," I
have heard that you sing very well’.
- A fox was walking through a wood.
The fox caught the meat and ate it.
The crow opened its mouth to sing a
song.
The fox was very hungry.
Advantages and Disadvantages
of rearrangement:








Advantages:
A sort of controlled writing.
Develops students’ awareness of
sentence and paragraph structure.
Disadvantages:
Gives a chance for guessing.
Limits students’ creativity.
12- Paragraph writing by using
key words (guided paragraph)








Students are guided to write a
paragraph by giving them helping
lexical items and connectors.
E.g.: Write a paragraph of (5) sentences
using the following words:
(car – hit – boy) (The boy - fell off – bike)
(lady – run to – boy) (Ambulance- stopped)
( boy – carried – hospital)
Advantages and Disadvantages
of guided paragraph writing.







Advantages:
Gives a sort of controlled writing as a
step towards free writing.
Minimizes students’ errors.
Disadvantages:
Limits students’ creativity.
13- Oral Testing







The teacher needs to evaluate the students’
oral skills, i.e. listening and speaking. The
teacher can use one of the following test
types:
A- Oral reading: Teacher gives a vocabulary
list or text to students and asks each of them
to read aloud. Teacher tapes students’
readings and scores them using specific
check list.
E.g. Read the following words aloud:
Birthday – China – Europe – big – mosque-tin
Oral Testing


B- Controlled interview: Teacher asks
students a question that requires a long
response. Teacher tape-records the
responses and scores them using a
specific check list. The interview can be
done individually or in groups with one
or more raters.
Oral Testing




Picture description: Teacher gives
students a picture and asks them to
describe it. Students’ talk is taperecorded and then scored by one or
more raters using a check list.
E.g.: Look at the picture and describe
what you see:
Advantages and Disadvantages
of Oral Testing






Advantages:
Tests students’ information and ability
to transmit such information.
Disadvantages:
Sometimes time consuming.
F
inal H
ints






Try to be creative and helpful to
your students.
Do not forget through smile you
can reach their hearts if you do
so you will reach their minds.
Remember exams are mean they
are not target.

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Basic testing techniques2

  • 1. Basic Testing Techniques :Presented by Dr. Mamdoah M. Subahi
  • 2. ?What is the meaning of Test With your group think please what do we mean by the word Test?
  • 3. :The word Test means To evaluate formally and informally.  Tests are: means of providing both teacher and learner with feed back. 
  • 4. What is the importance ?of tests In your opinion why do you think tests are important? 
  • 5. There are many reasons that :make tests important   1- School administration promote or fail students in the light of their performance on formal tests. 2- Teachers judge their teaching methods, techniques, and activities according to the students’ results in different tests.
  • 6. Why tests are ?important 3- Students know their points of weakness and strength. Then, they work on avoiding their point of weakness.  4- The curriculum designer decide how to develop their materials. 
  • 7. Why tests are important?  5- Tests results give parents a clear picture of their children’s levels.
  • 8. What do we need to test?  As a competent teacher will you tell me what language areas do you need to test?
  • 9. There are two major language areas to be tested: 1- Language skills : here you are testing: listening, speaking, reading and writing.  2- Language components : here you are testing: pronunciation, spelling, vocabulary, grammar and punctuation . 
  • 10. What are some of test types? -With your group will you think of as many test types as you can? -And try to tell some of each type’s advantages and disadvantages.
  • 11. 1- True / False type:  - - With your group please, think: What is true and false test? What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of this type?
  • 12. 1- True / False type     Students read or listen to a text, then they respond by saying or writing True (T) or False (F). E.g. : There are 5 books on the table. T. : There are 7 books on the table. S. : False.
  • 13. -Advantages and Disadvantages:     Advantages: - easy to prepare. - easy to score. Disadvantages: - 50% guessing chance. - little writing involved. involved
  • 14. 2- Multiple-choice type:  - With your group please, think: What is multiple-choice test? What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of this type ?
  • 15. 2- Multiple-choice type: The students read a text and respond to a question related to it by selecting from 3, 4 or 5 options: e.g. : A person who sells meat is a ……  a- carpenter b- butcher c- driver dbaker
  • 16. Advantages and disadvantages     Advantages: - easy to score. - covers a big number of the presented items. - Disadvantages: -Guessing chances are still there (the more options the less guessing). - selecting suitable options is sometimes difficult.
  • 17. 3- Essay (openended) questions  Please, think with your group what is meant by essay (open-ended) questions?
  • 18. 3- Essay (open-ended) questions    Students are given a Whquestion that can be answered in one or more sentences. E.g. What is your favorite subject? Describe your family.
  • 19. Advantages and disadvantages       Advantages: gives chance for self-expression. reflects student’s proficiency in many different language components and skills. Disadvantages: Difficult to score objectively. Allows students to use options, thus avoiding the point being tested.
  • 20. 4- Completion Please, think with your group what is meant by completion questions?  Don’t forget the advantages and disadvantages. 
  • 21. 4- Completion      Students are asked to complete one or more sentences by inserting words in spaces. The ended words may or may not be provided at the head of the test. E.g. : Books are made of ………. E.g. : ( day – tomorrow – month ) Monday is the third ……… of the week. January is a ……………
  • 22. Advantages and disadvantages of completion       Advantages: focuses on a specific word or structure. Easy to score. Disadvantages: reflects only a limited ability. Tests recognition rather than production.
  • 23. Matching- 5 Please, think with your group what is meant by matching questions?  Don’t forget the advantages and disadvantages. 
  • 24. 5- Matching:        Matching: students are given two columns: A and B. They have to join an item in column B with the item it corresponds with in column A. e.g. : A B (1) hurried ( ) liked (2) cried ( ) not interesting (3) enjoyed ( ) shouted ( ) went quickly
  • 25. 5- Matching    Another alternative is that students can match a group of words or sentences with a group of pictures: e.g.: 5 pictures with 6 words they match them.
  • 26. Advantages and disadvantages of matching       Advantages: Easy to score. Word and sentences matching are easy to prepare. Disadvantages: Chance for guessing. Sometimes it is difficult to draw pictures
  • 27. Changing a table or a map- 6 into a text    Students are given a table or a map to ‘read’. Then they use the information in any of them in writing a text. E.g. this table tells you about some people. Make sentences, for example: Osama s a businessman. He lives in Jeddah.
  • 29. Advantages and Disadvantages of changing table or a map.      Advantages: Provides guided writing practice. Easy to score. Disadvantages: Sometimes difficult to design.
  • 30. 7- Filling a table or a map from a running text.  Students read a text, then insert information form it into an accompanying table or map.
  • 31. E.g. : Read the following passage carefully and fill in the table at the bottom of the page:   1- Saturday: The tourists will arrive at King A. Aziz International air port at eleven thirty at night. Jamal will meet them at the airport. He will take them to their hotel by bus.   2- Monday: In the morning, Jamal will take them to the sea. They will go by taxi. In the afternoon, they will visit Al- Balad Area. At nine o’clock, they will go to a Chinese restaurant.
  • 33. Advantages and Disadvantages of filling table or a map from a running text. Advantages:  Useful for checking comprehension.  Disadvantages:  Sometimes difficult to design. 
  • 34. 8- Correction      Students are asked to correct a wrong word between brackets or in a sentence, also, punctuation errors. E.g.1- Write the verb in brackets in the correct form: Yesterday I (go) to Jeddah. E.g. 2- Correct the spelling mistakes in this sentence: Cabages and tomatos are vegetables.
  • 35. Advantages and Disadvantages of Correction       Advantages: Focuses on specific point. Easy to correct. Disadvantages: Gives limited language practice. Students are exposed to the wrong forms and spellings.
  • 36. 9- Dictation      Students listen to the teacher or to a tape and do one or more of the following activities: - write exactly what the teacher says. - fill a table from the text they listen to. - answer questions depending on the text they listen to. They also can fill in missing letters.
  • 37. Advantages and Disadvantages of dictation.       Advantages: Tests listening comprehension, writing, vocabulary, grammar and punctuation. Easy to prepare and to score. Advantages: The teacher may not be a good model. Suitable tapes are not always available.
  • 38. 10- Cloze Test:  Students are given a text of some sentences. The first and the last sentences in the text are left complete. Starting from the second sentence, every fifth word is deleted. Students are asked to restore these words or their equivalents.
  • 39. :Examples of cloze test  Oil is very important in the modern word. Many things are made of oil. Petrol for planes is extracted from oil. Some trains, lorries and Ships run on oil. Most plastics are made of oil .
  • 40. Advantages and Disadvantages of cloze test.      Advantages: A global test. Easy to score and to prepare. Disadvantages: Sometimes it is difficult to evaluate the equivalents.
  • 41. 11-Re-arrangement ( put in order):  Students are given a sentence with jumbled words and they have to arrange – to put them in order- to from a meaningful sentence. They may be given a number of jumbled sentences and ask them to arrange them to form a meaningful paragraph.
  • 42. :examples of rearrangement    E.g. 1- Write the following words in the right order to form a good meaningful sentence: will – get – tomorrow – six thirty – Ahmad- up - at E.g. 2- write the following sentences in the correct order to from a good story:
  • 43. :e.g. 2- of arrangements       - The fox saw the crow on a tree, with a piece of meat n its mouth. - The fox was very clever and said," I have heard that you sing very well’. - A fox was walking through a wood. The fox caught the meat and ate it. The crow opened its mouth to sing a song. The fox was very hungry.
  • 44. Advantages and Disadvantages of rearrangement:       Advantages: A sort of controlled writing. Develops students’ awareness of sentence and paragraph structure. Disadvantages: Gives a chance for guessing. Limits students’ creativity.
  • 45. 12- Paragraph writing by using key words (guided paragraph)      Students are guided to write a paragraph by giving them helping lexical items and connectors. E.g.: Write a paragraph of (5) sentences using the following words: (car – hit – boy) (The boy - fell off – bike) (lady – run to – boy) (Ambulance- stopped) ( boy – carried – hospital)
  • 46. Advantages and Disadvantages of guided paragraph writing.      Advantages: Gives a sort of controlled writing as a step towards free writing. Minimizes students’ errors. Disadvantages: Limits students’ creativity.
  • 47. 13- Oral Testing     The teacher needs to evaluate the students’ oral skills, i.e. listening and speaking. The teacher can use one of the following test types: A- Oral reading: Teacher gives a vocabulary list or text to students and asks each of them to read aloud. Teacher tapes students’ readings and scores them using specific check list. E.g. Read the following words aloud: Birthday – China – Europe – big – mosque-tin
  • 48. Oral Testing  B- Controlled interview: Teacher asks students a question that requires a long response. Teacher tape-records the responses and scores them using a specific check list. The interview can be done individually or in groups with one or more raters.
  • 49. Oral Testing   Picture description: Teacher gives students a picture and asks them to describe it. Students’ talk is taperecorded and then scored by one or more raters using a check list. E.g.: Look at the picture and describe what you see:
  • 50. Advantages and Disadvantages of Oral Testing     Advantages: Tests students’ information and ability to transmit such information. Disadvantages: Sometimes time consuming.
  • 51. F inal H ints    Try to be creative and helpful to your students. Do not forget through smile you can reach their hearts if you do so you will reach their minds. Remember exams are mean they are not target.