Financial Statement Analysis and Security Valuation , by ...

Financial Statement Analysis and Security Valuation, by Stephen Penman WEB LINKS INDEX I.Coverage of U.S. Companies A. Company Information/Overview B. SEC Filings & Annual Reports C. Current Financial News D. Earnings Report Calendars E. Analysts’ Reports and Research F. US Stock Exchange Sites G. Insider Trading Reports H. Investor Forums I. Ticker Symbol Look-up J. Transactions: M&A, IPO, Private Equity, etc K. Earnings Surprise Reports II.Coverage of International Companies A. Companies, Markets & Financial Data B. Emerging Markets C. ADRs D. International Stock Exchange Sites III.Industry & Market Analysis A. Industry Research and Analyst Reports B. Industry Overview and Trends C. Portfolio Tracking D. SIC Codes E. Company Comparison Tools IV.Historical Data A. Indices and Investment Returns B. Archival Searches & Press Reports V.Financial Reporting Policy A. Accounting Standards, Regulators, Government Agencies and Organizations

VI.Research Tools A. Financial Glossaries B. Stock Screening Engines C. Charting Engines Note: Web Sites came and go, so some links may longer exist. “Free” sites migrate to paid subscription sites over time.

I. Coverage of U.S. Companies A. Company Information/ Overview These sites give you a basic company overview, including company profiles, current stock price charts, current and historical price multiples, some analysis of fundamentals, current news reports, and analyst forecasts. Some sites require membership, but there is much free information on these sites. Choose one and make it your primary first stop resource. If you are a university student or faculty member, you will be able to access subscription- based resources through your library’s web access. At Columbia Business School, go to: http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/business/. Select a database (many of which can be accessed anywhere), and log on to the sites using your unix id (the first part of your email address, do not add "@columbia.edu") and enter your password. Subscription-based services via the Internet (through library web access) • S&P (Standard & Poor's Market Insight) is very comprehensive. You can look up a symbol, type in a company or ticker, and receive a plethora of relevant information: company profile sheet, financial highlights, competitive analysis (comps that you can download into excel), corporate actions, news, etc. A (limited) educational version of Market Insight is available in the Student Edition of the web site for the Penman book. • The Business & Company Recourse Center is good for a basic company overview. Type in your company name, key word or ticker- and you will get SIC & NAICS codes and key officer & company data. You can also find news, investment reports (from Investext), financials, rankings, and an industry overview- based on SIC codes. You can also get information on private companies (although not much). • OSIRIS is a comprehensive database of listed corporations, banks and insurance companies around the world. In addition to the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow and ratios it contains news, ownership, ratings, earnings estimates and stock data. Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Yahoo! Finance http://finance.yahoo.com/ . Very straight forward and easy to use. This site is heavily centered on market action & information. On the home page, you will be able to type in a ticker (and/or lookup a ticker), and get stock price information (quotes are 20 min. behind), charts, headlines, company information (profile, key stats, links to SEC filings, competitors & Industry), analyst coverage, ownership summary, and financial statements. This site provides a lot of information, and is not as restricted as some of the other sites. Also the analyst opinions are valuable for a quick look at breakdown of the recommendations, mean, changes and juxtapositions with industry means & the S&P.

• CI Corporate Information- get corporate profiles, information of firm's operations and research reports on companies at http://www.corporateinformation.com/. You must register so as to gain access to a select group of company profiles for free; after which, you must pay to use the site. • Hoover's Online http://www.hoovers.com/free/ . On the home page, you will be able to search for a company by entering the company name or ticker. You will get a company "fact sheet", basic industry information, top competitors and subsidiaries/affiliates. You can also get stock quotes, news, and some industry information. As with many free sites, there are several pop-up ads that can be distracting. Although this site contains a lot of free information, there are many locked areas, which can only be accessed through a subscription. • Reuters site http://www.investor.reuters.com • PCQuote.com http://www.pcquote.com/ . Good for getting a stock quote, price information and a data table (including beta, eps, etc.). Most of the information on this site centers around the stock price of the company, you will not find the company profiles that you will see on other sites. • Investor Guide http://www.investorguide.com/ . Type in a ticker, and you get very basic information: name, exchange, size (large-cap, mid-cap, etc.) and a list of competitors. More categories direct you to other web sites, [ie. if you are looking for company profile, the site recommends CNBC, Yahoo, Quicken, CNET and BarChart. This site is good to find other links, but not great as a primary source. • Barrons http://www.barrons.com/ . Barrons works with the Wall Street Journal to provide company information, news, key facts and research. • Zacks http://www.zacks.com/ . In addition to quotes, company profiles, news, and charts, Zacks provides earnings estimates. • Quicken Quotes http://www.quicken.com/investments/quotes/ . In addition to quotes, company profiles, news, and charts, Quicken provides earnings estimates. • Link directly to companies' web sites through Investor Guide Index at http://www.investorguide.com/ B. SEC Filings & Annual Reports Financial reports can be obtained from the public resources; but unless you have to, it is easier to go through the library web site and download the relevant financial data into excel. Financial reports can also be obtained from most firms' web sites (especially if you are looking outside the U.S.). Subscription-based services via the Internet (through a Library) • EDGARScan is recommended because it is straight forward and easy to use. Additionally, you can select which statement you want to download and/or print. It also gives a very comprehensive breakdown of all of the sections in the filings. • Factiva is a searchable full-text database of nearly 8,000 newswires, newspapers, magazines and trade journals. It has comparative data on companies and industries. Also, company SEC filings.

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Guide to Filings from the Securities Exchange Commission, this site explains each form http://www.sec.gov/info/edgar/forms/edgform.pdf • SEC Edgar database http://www.sec.gov/edgar/searchedgar/ is useful because you can search recent filings as well as the historical EDGAR archives. They recently added a section on Mutual Fund Prospectuses. • EdgarScan: http://edgarscan.pwcglobal.com/recruit/edu.html • FreeEdgar http://www.freeedgar.com/ is free, although you do have to register with the site. It has a watchlist and download features. • Report Gallery annual reports http://www.reportgallery.com/ • Annual Reports Library- the Library contains over 1.45 million original copies of Annual Reports (and proxies) from corporations, foundations, banks, mutual funds and public institutions located around the world. This is a for-fee service, but the site also has a useful collection of links to other annual report sites. http://www.zpub.com/sf/arl/ • Annual Reports (Investor Relations Information Network)- Company annual reports. Full text with graphics (in PDF format). Also, request free printed annual reports for many companies via E-mail. http://www.irin.com/cgi-bin/main.cgi • PRARS http://www.prars.com/ (The Public Register's Annual Report Service) for requesting free annual reports (mailed within one business day) • 10K Wizard enables a keyword search of annual financial reports filed with the SEC http://www.10kwizard.com/insider.php?g • Investor Relations Information Network - This site provides access to online annual reports (PDF format) for companies, as well as links to company home pages and much more. http://www.irin.com/cgi-bin/main.cgi C. Current Financial News These sites deliver financial news. On many sites, they can automatically email you updates on a specified subject matter (for free). Many of the aforementioned sites (in section A. Company Information/Overview) contain current financial news as well. Subscription-based services via the Internet (through a Library) • Factiva is a searchable full-text database of nearly 8,000 newswires, newspapers, magazines and trade journals. • ABI INFORM is an interdisciplinary database which also contains Newspaper Abstracts and Periodical Abstracts. It includes more than 2,000 professional, scholarly, trade and general interest periodicals, including full-text for 1,000 titles and citations and abstracts for the others. The database also covers 27 primary and secondary U.S. newspapers (including a 90-day rolling file of The New York Times), 11 of which are in full-text • LexisNexis Academic is an interdisciplinary, full-text database of over 18,000 sources including newspapers, journals, wire services, newsletters, company reports, case law, government documents, transcripts of broadcasts, and selected reference works. Public opinion data back to 1930s from the Roper Center.

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Bloomberg http://www.bloomberg.com/ • CNNfn http://money.cnn.com/ • WSJ Interactive Edition http://www.wsj.com/ • Financial Times http://news.ft.com/home/us • Reuters http://www.reuters.com/ • CBS Market Watch http://cbs.marketwatch.com/ • Yahoo! Finance http://finance.yahoo.com/ • Google Financial News http://news.google.com/ • Financial News Online http://www.efinancialnews.com/ • Barrons http://www.barrons.com/ • Internet News http://stocks.internetnews.com/ • Reuters http://www.investor.reuters.com • D. Earnings Report Calendars Calendars of expected earnings report dates. Some services will email you with updates, changes, etc. Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Zacks http://www.zacks.com/research/ is great if you want analysts' earnings estimates. It provides the average of the estimates, the number of analysts, low, high and EPS growth rate • Multex Investor provides earnings estimates and recommendations on stocks culled from hundreds of research firms. The service also provides limited free research reports from sponsoring firms http://www.multexinvestor.com/home.asp • TheStreet.com provides earnings estimates courtesy of First Call. The Research section provides not only current estimates, but also historical estimates and revisions over the past few months. Industry growth rates and industry & sector earnings estimates are included in a comparative table http://www.thestreet.com/ • Yahoo! Finance, Earnings Calendar http://biz.yahoo.com/research/earncal/today.html • The Online Investor Calendar http://www.theonlineinvestor.com/earnings_calendar.phtml • Quicken Quotes http://www.quicken.com/investments/quotes/ • Firm's Beta Look-up http://www.quote.com/qc/research/marketguide.aspx? symbols=NYSE:PG/ • BestCalls.com – A free directory of earnings conference call schedules. Free email alerts and resources. http://www.bestcalls.com/

E. Analysts' Reports/ Research Analyst reports and research will give you a detailed understanding of a particular company. You can get the analysts' forecasts for the firms' earnings as well as specific insight. Initiating reports (sell-side research) oftentimes gives the most information on a particular company, including a full income statement and/or balance sheet data, an in- depth discussion of the company's product and services, a competitive analysis and market overview. In addition to these resources, it is useful to look at relevant Industry Research (section III A), as there will be information on a selected companies. The subscription-based data through a (university) library is most useful here; it is best to start with these resources. Many of the free sites will give you a list of research, but will most likely make you pay for each report. Subscription-based services via the Internet (through a Library) • Multex gives full-text investment research reports supplied by leading investment banks, brokerage firms and third party providers. • InvestextPlus provides timely access to analysts' reports on companies and industries, Moody's company reports, and industry reports and literature from trade and professional associations • First Call provides sell-side reports from leading banks and brokers. • Standard & Poor's provides company research, but does not give other analysts' recommendations Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Zacks http://www.zacks.com/research/ is great if you want analysts' earnings estimates. It provides the average of the estimates, the number of analysts, low, high and EPS growth rate • Multex Investor provides earnings estimates and recommendations on stocks culled from hundreds of research firms. The service also provides limited free research reports from sponsoring firms http://www.multexinvestor.com/home.asp • Researchstock.com provides research on small/mid cap firms that are being overlooked by larger research staffs. This is a subscription-based website, but has a lot of free research reports on various industries (Advertising & Marketing Services Industry, .coms, pharmaceuticals, consumer products) and companies (including AOL, The Limited, amazon.com) http://www.researchstock.com/ • TheStreet.com provides earnings estimates courtesy of First Call. The Research section provides not only current estimates, but also historical estimates and revisions over the past few months. Industry growth rates and industry & sector earnings estimates are included in a comparative table http://www.thestreet.com/ • The Online Investor http://www.theonlineinvestor.com/ also gives earnings estimates and analyst information.

• Quicken Quotes http://www.quicken.com/investments/quotes/ provides earnings estimates, covering analysts, EPS data, analyst ratings, etc. It will also direct you to research reports from Multex, S&P and PIRS Research; but unless you purchase a subscription, you will not get access to this information • Yahoo! Finance – has a specific area dedicated to research http://biz.yahoo.com/r/ F. US Stock Exchange Sites Market and firm information. You can find stock exchange information directly on the web via their websites: Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • New York Stock Exchange: NYSE http://www.nyse.com/ • NASDAQ http://www.nasdaq.com/ • American Stock Exchange: AMEX http://www.amex.com/ • Chicago Board of Trade http://www.cbot.com/ • Chicago Mercantile Exchange http://www.cme.com/ • Links to other stock exchange sites (Including commodities & future exchanges, virtual stock exchanges) V • http://www.investorlinks.com/directory/11/ • http://www.lib.lsu.edu/bus/finance.html#StockUS G. Insider Trading Reports Get details on the trading activities of corporate insiders. Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library) • EDGAR Scan is recommended because it is straight forward and easy to use. Additionally, you can select which statement you want to download and/or print. It also gives a very comprehensive breakdown of all of the sections in the filings. Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Yahoo! Finance http://finance.yahoo.com/ • 10K Wizard: http://www.10kwizard.com/insider.php?g

H. Investor Forums Investor forums are usually free. Many of the links in section I A also have dedicated areas where one may join/observe investor forums Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Investorville http://www.investorville.com/ • Forex forum is the hub for forex traders on the web, no chat - all market related. The all purpose site for traders, also includes F, stock indices rates, charts, IMM swaps, and analysis. http://www.global-view.com/beta/ • Market Forum is a website forum that focuses on futures and options http://www.marketforum.com/ • Alternative Investment Management Association (AIMA): activities include training, education, commission of relevant research, marketing of the industry as a whole and, most importantly, the creation of a neutral forum where all views can be heard http://www.aima.org/ I. Ticker Symbol Look-Up You can find and search for ticker symbols on most of the aforementioned Company Information/ Overview websites (see section I A) Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • CBS MarketWatch http://cbs.marketwatch.com/tools/quotes/lookup.asp?siteid=mktw • From CBS MarketWatch, this site allows you to view all the ticker symbols on: • North American Markets • European Markets • Asian Markets • South American Markets • U.S. Indexes • U.S. Commodities • Canadian Indexes • Yahoo! Finance http://finance.yahoo.com/l J. Transactions: M&A, IPO, Private Equity, etc. Most transactions are described in a press release and can be found in company news (see section I. C). However, if you are want to find all of the M&A activity that occurred in a specific industry group or company, then going to the library is your best bet. You can do an SDC search (which is the most efficient way of performing an in-depth search for analysis). Specifics of the transaction are usually provided if the deal is large; but sometimes, in smaller deals, finding the press release will yield more details than an SDC search.

Subscription-based services (through Business School Library) • SDC Platinum (Business Electronic Resources) - SDC is only available in the Business Library and there is an embargo period of 60 days on the data in SDC. Data can be downloaded. The three components of the Business Library's subscription to SDC are: • VentureExpert, which has data on venture capital deals from 1970 onward. 70% of the companies are private. VentureXpert offers the most extensive query and report database for the private equity industry, helping market professionals to raise capital efficiently, invest that capital wisely, and exit from those investments profitably. VentureXpert is the single source for comprehensive information on venture funds, private firms, executives, venture-backed companies and limited partners, as well as an analytics source for fund performance, commitments, disbursements, and statistics. VentureXpert's comprehensive data includes: investment information for over 23,500 private-equity backed companies, over 7,100 venture capital and buyouts funds managed by over 4,400 private equity firms, over 118,000 private equity transactions from 1970 to the present Exclusive deal and fund information from all corners of the globe. • Worldwide Merger and Acquisitions, which contains data on all corporate transactions involving at least 5% of the ownership of a company, varied coverage from 1980 onward. • New Issues, containing all taxable issues of debt, equity and taxable municipals since 1970. • Mergers, Acquisitions & Alliances (Business Electronic Resources) - contains data on domestic mergers from 1979 to the present and 1985 to the present for international. (because of our contract this is a 60 day embargo on the information). The database includes all transactions involving at least 5% of the ownership of a company where a transaction was valued at $1 million or more (after 1992, deals of any value are covered. The Database is updated daily, but there is a 60 day embargo on the data via our academic subscription. Available only at the Business School Library (not available online off campus) • Galante's Venture Capital and Private Equity Directory (Business Electronic Resources)- CD-ROM version of Galante's print directory. Includes profiles of over 1,700 firms and investors, searchable by name, geography, type of firm, industry, size and other variables. This database is available ONLY in the Business Library. Results may be printed but not downloaded. • Dealscan (Business Electronic Services) -DealScan is a comprehensive and reliable source for global loan, high-yield bond and private placement data terms and conditions on over 100,000 transactions dating back to 1986. Approximately 250 new transactions are added weekly to the database. DealScan contains over 200 search categories, which can be used to customize a search and screen comprehensive data to find market information. Search by borrower information including (country/region, ratings, SIC codes), by purpose, on over 70 currency types, by pricing, covenants and fees. Reports can be sorted, printed, and downloaded into Microsoft Excel for further analysis. Both simple and detailed reports are available. Use customizable report options and select and display only relevant information. Generate League Tables on the fly. Display reports in a currency of your choice. Available only at the Business School Library (not available online off campus)

• Global Corporate Finance (Through SDC) (Business Electronic Resources) - The SDC Platinum Global Corporate Finance database provides information on U.S. and non-U.S. domestic new issues, international warrants, worldwide syndicated loans, medium term note programs, and U.S. underwritten calls. Delivering the most in-depth information available, the Global Corporate Finance database covers more than 112,000 U.S. public offerings with 800 data elements dating back to 1970, and 50,000 public offerings with 500 data elements dating back to 1983. There is a 60 day embargo on the data. Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • The Deal.com – Get information on M&A, Private Equity, Venture Capital, IPO and Bankruptcies. Sign up and receive email alerts on transactions. Membership required for most of the site, some parts are free. http://www.thedeal.com/NASApp/cs/CS? pagename=Home&c=Page&cid=1011714706980 • M&A Ability – M&A news and information. Much of this site contains information on International Companies' transactions. This is a free site. http://www.mandaability.com/ • IDD Magazine (Investment Dealers' Digest) – Has an investment banking database, and a database for private equity and M&A deals . You can sign up for a free trial subscription, but after two weeks, you will have to pay for access. http://www.iddmagazine.com/idd/weeklyheadlines.cfm • Mergerstat (Global Mergers & Acquisition Information) – Most of this site requires a subscription; however, you can access recent M&A news for free. http://www.mergerstat.com/new/indexNew.asp • VFinance.com – Search through a free database of Venture Capital firms, see what firms are investing in what industries, companies, etc. Most of the site is free; great resource for VC information. http://www.vfinance.com/ • Business Valuation Resources – Search through a comprehensive industry database (via SIC/NAICS codes) for recent transactions. You will get deal size, price paid, some financial data. This database is for subscribers, but you can do free searches via the "visitor search" button. http://www.bvmarketdata.com/CPSAdvSearch.asp • Valuation Resources – Most of the links on this site require paid subscriptions, but there are many free areas to some of these sites. Worth taking a look http://www.valuationresources.com/TransactionData.htm • IPO Central - Find IPOs by industry, underwriter, state or metro area. Or, browse IPOs alphabetically or chronologically by filing date. Includes prospectuses, analyses, news, and more. Most of the information is free, but there is a portion of the site that requires subscription. http://www.hoovers.com/global/ipoc/index.xhtml • IPO Express – Up-to-date IPO information. http://www.edgar-online.com/ • PriceWaterhouse Coopers National Venture Capital Study - The Price Waterhouse Survey Research Center contacts more than 1,000 venture capital firms to gather data on each firm's investments during the prior quarter. The information collected and analyzed by Price Waterhouse includes investment by sector (for example, software, hardware & peripherals, semiconductors & equipment, and biotechnology & medical instrumentation), the investment round, total amount of the round and the co-investors. http://www.pwcmoneytree.com/moneytree/index.jsp

• Red Herring – Free registration. Information on IPOs. http://redherring.com/ • Open IPO.com – From Hambrecht & Co. Free information on IPOs, company and market data. http://www.openipo.com/ind/index.html • Yahoo! IPO – Yahoo! Finance has a section dedicated to IPOs. http://biz.yahoo.com/ipo/ • IPO Guys – IPO research and analysis; announcements of recent filings, withdrawls, pricing information. Much of this site is free. http://www.ipoguys.com/ • The IPO Network – A good source for information on IPOs; searchable database http://www.ipo-network.com/ • IPO Monitor – Recent filings, pricings, IPO information. http://www.ipomonitor.com/ K. Earnings Surprise Reports Yahoo! http://biz.yahoo.com/zacks/extreme.html II. Coverage of International Companies A. Companies, Markets & Financial Data Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library) • Guide to Foreign Direct Investment - Use this as a starting point for finding print and electronic sources of information in the Watson Library. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/business/guides/fordinv.html • Datastream International - (Available on BUSLAN 12 and in the Electronic Data Service Lehman Library). Contains IMF, OECD, and European Union financial data for hundreds of countries, including direct investment abroad, debt and equity portfolio investment, and direct investment within the host country. Also includes aggregate import and export data, balance of payments, and a wide range of other financial information. Data is available in time-series format and downloadable directly into a spreadsheet. An excellent online manual is available via Princeton University. The HELP-LINE can assist you with particular codes and macros: (212) 804-4004. • Factiva - Click the "Companies/Markets" button on the navigation bar. Search by stock symbol or company name to locate financial profiles on more than 12,000 major companies in 58 countries, including those both publicly and privately held. Reports include corporate profiles, operating summaries, balance sheets, income statements, financial ratios, stock data, and accounting practices. • LEXIS-NEXIS Academic Universe - Select "Business", then "Company Financial Information", and then use the drop-down menu to select "International Company Reports". • Statistical Universe - Bibliographical citations to statistical information from the U.S. government, international intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), state governments, and private sources. Some items have links to full-text. Comprised of American Statistics Index (ASI),Index to International Statistics (IIS), and Statistical Reference Index (SRI). Coverage varies; updated monthly

• STAT-USA. - (Web-accessible database). Contains detailed reports on investment conditions for hundreds of countries, as well as economic policy and trade practices, foreign economic relations, labor trends, country-specific commercial guides, exchange rate information, and FDI flows by source country, usually for the past three to five years. Sections particularly relevant for FDI include the sections on Country Specific Information and the Market Reports Historical Archive. • Global Corporate Finance (Through SDC) (Business Electronic Resources) - The SDC Platinum Global Corporate Finance database provides information on U.S. and non-U.S. domestic new issues, international warrants, worldwide syndicated loans, medium term note programs, and U.S. underwritten calls. Delivering the most in-depth information available, the Global Corporate Finance database covers more than 112,000 U.S. public offerings with 800 data elements dating back to 1970, and 50,000 public offerings with 500 data elements dating back to 1983. There is a 60 day embargo on the data. Only available in the Business School Library. • World Development Indicators - HC59.15 .W656 1998 (Reference) CD ROM (CD-ROM HC59.69 .W683 available in The Electronic Data Service. World Bank data from over 200 countries and more than 800 time series, including Foreign Direct Investment Inflows as a percentage of GDP and GDI, Gross Domestic Fixed Investment, net direct and portfolio investment, and a wide range of other economic and socio-economic time series. Data is annual and can be downloaded directly into Excel, SAS and other statistical software packages. Selected indicators are available on the web site linked with the title, above. Web-based, free/public services via the Internet General International Business Community • Bureau of Export Administration - Resources and Regulations. http://www.doc.gov/ • International Trade Web Resources - Maintained by the Federation of International Trade Associations, this site is a good place to begin research on international trade. http://www.fita.org/webindex/noaccess.html • Web resources for international economics & business - Comprehensive coverage of international business and economics. http://dylee.keel.econ.ship.edu/econ/ • Country Studies: Area Handbook Series - From the Library of Congress, this site provides extensive information on foreign countries. Searchable database. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/cshome.html • Currency Converter - From OANDA, this converter allows you to specify conversions by Interbank rate + various percentages, as well as credit card and cash rates. Currency conversions can be calculated back to January 1990. http://www.oanda.com/convert/classic • Fortune Global 500 Arranged by rank, but also searchable. http://www.oanda.com/convert/classic • GRA Research Hotlinks - A collection of links for political risk research. Bypass the first part of the page (with basic search tools )to reach links for background and data on countries, as well as links to sites that report on risk. http://www.grai.com/links.htm

• GlobalEDGE - Extensive links for international business from the Center for International Business Education & Research (CIBER) at Michigan State University. http://globaledge.msu.edu/ibrd/ibrd.asp • Intergovernmental Organizations - Links to Intergovernmental Organizations. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/business/ir/intgov.html • Intergovernmental Organizations Publications - This is a gateway to the ready reference sources of IGOs such as the European Bank for Recontruction & Development, the IMF, etc. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/usgd/error.404.html • IDB - International Data Base - The International Data Base (IDB) is a computerized data bank containing statistical tables of demographic, and socio-economic data for all countries of the world. http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbnew.html • International Trade Center - The International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) is the focal point in the United Nations system for technical cooperation with developing countries in trade promotion. ITC is directly responsible for implementing UNDP- financed projects in developing countries and economies in transition related to trade promotion. http://www.intracen.org/ • International Monetary Fund - This site includes IMF publications, featuring links to full text publications listed alphabetically, IMF Working Papers in full text, as well as the catalog of IMF publications in PDF. http://www.imf.org/external/ • International Trade Administration - Resources include statistics, information on regions, industries, hot topics and more. http://www.ita.doc.gov/ • Investor Relations Information Network - This site provides access to online annual reports (PDF format) for companies, as well as links to company home pages and much more. http://www.irin.com/cgi-bin/main.cgi • Institute for Management Development - Publishes the World Competitiveness Report, parts of which are excerpted at this site. http://www01.imd.ch/ • IC2 Institute - The Institute provides unique approaches to the study of business, technology, political, social, and economic issues by studying unstructured problems, developing multidisciplinary think teams and going beyond functional boundaries, linking theory with practice, and providing opportunities to think anew within a university environment. http://www.ic2.org/ • Market Access Database - From the EU, provides News of the Commission's Market Access Strategy, as well as Market Access Sectoral and Trade Barriers Database arranged by country and GATS Info-Point, containing a complete guide to the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), and more. Some additional services are restricted to members. http://mkaccdb.eu.int/ • Market Access Information - Arranged by country, this site provides country commercial guides, and country reports on economic and trade policy. From the Trade Compliance Center, U.S. Dept. of Commerce. http://www.tcc.mac.doc.gov/cgi-bin/doit.cgi? 218:54:1:5 • Market Places and Locations http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~ifbg/stock1.htm • NAFTA - Text of the North American Free Trade Agreement. http://www.sice.oas.org/trade/nafta/naftatce.asp

• NAICS - The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) provides common industry definitions for Canada, Mexico, and the United States. The new NAICS system will replace the countries' separate classification systems with one uniform system for classifying industries. In the United States, NAICS will replace the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. http://www.census.gov/epcd/www/naics.html • OECD Online - Contains links to documents, the publications catalog, statistics, news, and information about member countries, with a searchable index. http://www.oecd.org/home/ • Also see The Centre for Co-operation with Non-Members--OECD, which serves as the "focal point for the development of policy dialogue between OECD and non-member economies." The site provides information about programs carried out by the Center such as Emerging Market Economy Forum, the Transition Economy Program, and various country and regional programs. Also available at the site is Transition Brief, a quarterly newsletter that provides updates on the activities of The Centre. Visitors to the site will also find a list of publications and free documentation. http://www.oecd.org/department/0,2688,en_2649_33709_1_1_1_1_1,00.html • The Electronic Data Service at Columbia University provides access to the OECD International Sectoral Database. http://www.columbia.edu/acis/eds/ • Office of the U.S. Trade Representative - Access reports, including the Study on the Operation and Effect of the North American Free Trade Agreement[released July 16, 1997, 140 pages in length], the National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers, and the Trade Policy Agenda & Annual Report of the President of the United States on the Trade Agreements Program. Also available from this site are transcripts of speeches and Congressional testimony by USTR Officials, and Agreements Negotiated by the U.S. Trade Representative. Most files are in PDF format. http://www.ustr.gov/ • Transparency International - is a non-governmental organisation dedicated to increasing government accountability and curbing both international and national corruption. http:// www.transparency.de/ • World Bank - The resources here include an Online Library; electronic version of print publications. http://www.worldbank.org/ • World Trade Agreement - The Final Act and Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization. (including GATT 1994), Uruguay Round. Text is searchable. http://www.jus.uio.no/lm//international.economic.law/wto.html • World Trade Organization - Resources include research and analysis and news releases. http://www.wto.org/ Asia, Pacific-Rim, ASEAN • Asia Business Connection- This site contains links to manufacturers, exporters, importers, business services, contacts and other information. http://www.asiabiz.com/ • Asia Foundation- The Asia Foundation is a private, nonprofit, nongovernmental organization working to build leadership, improve policies, and strengthen institutions to foster greater openness and shared prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region. Resources include: Reports and Publications. http://www.asiafoundation.com/

• Asia Trade- Links to resources related to trading in Asia including: Conventions and Trade, Exhibitions, Importers & Exporters, Insurance Companies, Banking & Financial Institutions, Real Estate Investments, and more. http://www.asiatrade.com/ • Daiwa Institute of Research- Included are reports under the following headings: Viewpoint, Economic Reports, Strategy Reports, Corporate and Industry Reports, and Asia Pacific Reports. http://www.dir.co.jp/Reception/welcome.html • Japan Financials- Complete detailed financial statement data for all companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. http://japanfinancials.com/ • JETRO- Japan's External Trade Organization, provides a web site full of useful data and resources. http://www.jetro.go.jp/top/index.html • Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI)- The Ministry of Trade and Industry (MITI) site informs visitors about Japan's current economic policies. Reports available include the plans to reform the economic structure, trade issues, and the 1997 White Paper on International Trade which looks at trends in world trade and long-term issues concerning Japanese trade and industry. A collection of chronologically sorted press releases, transcripts of press conferences, statistics on industrial production, and a summary of industrial economic trends can be found at this site. A collection of trade- related reports and Japanese submissions to the World Trade Organization (WTO) are also available. http://www.meti.go.jp/ • Nikkei Net Interactive- Latest news and resources on Japan and Asian economies. http:// www.nni.nikkei.co.jp/ Canada • Canadian Filings Database – SEDAR- The SEDAR Database contains publicly accessible information and documents filed with the securities commissions by Canadian public companies and mutual funds as well as related third parties, all of whom are required to file disclosure documents and other information electronically. http://www.sedar.com/ • Strategis- This site was developed by Industry Canada and provides a searchable database of Canadian companies, business information for each sector, a list of business support services, and a guide to business laws and regulations. Trade Data Online provides Canadian and US trade data. http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/ Europe • Companies House - The organization with which UK public companies must file -- approximate equivalent to the SEC in the US. http://www.companies-house.gov.uk/ • Company Guide - Includes financial information on publicly traded British companies. The information includes 5 Yr Summary P&L with Balance Sheet, Daily Share Price, Brokers' Consensus, Shareprice Graph, Advisers, Directors, Major Shareholders, Registrars, Contact Details, and Key Dates. http://www.hemscott.com/EQUITIES/ • Euromoney - This site provides numerous resources including the current issue of EuroMoney magazine, full text search, and data on countries and markets. Content is free, but you are asked to register to use the service. http://www.euromoney.com/

• Euro Pages - One can search for companies by industry and geography. Also has statistical and textual information on European industry sectors. http://www.europages.com/ • Information on the Euro- The official EU site for Euro information. Euro Conversion Rates, for the 12 countries which have tied their currencies to the Euro. EURO Currency Converter. http://europa.eu.int/euro/entry.html • Euro Special Report - The FinanceWise search engine gathers the latest Euro news and discussion in this helpful guide. In addition to European central bank Web addresses and European Union (EU) legal sources of interest, the site also lists glossaries, recommended books, spot exchange rates, and other resources. http://www.financewise.com/public/unregistered/euro.htm • European Central Bank http://www.ecb.int/ • Financial Europe (Email) - A web news service with analysis on the EU & Euro issues; mostly in French. http://www.fee-euro.com/ • The Single Currency and the European Parliament http://www.europarl.eu.int/euro/default_en.htm • Maastricht Treaty - Text of the treaty. http://europa.eu.int/en/record/mt/top.html • Western Europe and the European Union Information Resources - From the Lehman Library at Columbia University. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/lehman/guides/ westoid.html • European Case Clearinghouse Online - The European Case Clearing House maintains three separate collections of case materials:- 1. Harvard Business School (HBS) 2. University of Western Ontario (UWO) and 3. The European Case Clearing House (ECCH). Collectively these represent over 10,000 items and include case studies, videos, technical notes, industry notes, case software and course modules. http://www.ecch.com • UK Equities Direct - Financial information on publicly traded British companies. The information includes 5 Yr Summary P&L with Balance Sheet, Daily Share Price, Brokers' Consensus, Shareprice Graph, Advisers, Directors, Major Shareholders,Registrars, Contact Details, and Key Dates. http://www.hemscott.com/EQUITIES/ B. Emerging Markets Emerging markets is typically defined as a financial market of a developing country, usually a small market with a short operating history. Countries in the process of building market-based economies are broadly referred to as emerging markets, though there are major differences among the countries included in this category. Some emerging-market countries, including Russia, have only recently relaxed restrictions on a free-market economy. Others, including Indonesia, have opened their markets more widely to overseas investors, and still others, including Mexico, are expanding industrial production. Their combined stock market capitalization is less than 3% of the worldwide total.

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library) • ISI Emerging Markets News - A comprehensive collection of full-text sources and financial information from emerging markets, including Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, China, India, the Baltic States, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine. Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Emerging Markets -- The Newspaper of Record for the World's Development Bank Meetings - Emerging Markets is the daily newspaper of record for the joint annual meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, as well as the annual meetings of the Inter-American Development Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, African and Asian Development Banks. http://www.emergingmarkets.org/ • Emerging Markets Companion - Distinguished by its focus on Latin American debt instruments, this site has asset pricing, research, news, and more for Brady Bonds, euro and non-euro bonds. http://www.emgmkts.com/ • JP Morgan -Research focuses on debt markets in emerging economies. http://www.jpmorgan.com/ • Emerging Markets Bond Index Plus - Created in 1993, EMBI tracks total returns for traded external debt instruments in emerging markets such as Brady Bonds and Eurobonds. http://www2.jpmorgan.com/MarketDataInd/EMBI/embi.html • Emerging Local Markets Index - Going back to 1993, the ELMI tracks total returns for money market instruments in local currency in emerging markets. It includes treasury bills, FX forwards, and deposits. (PDF). http://www2.jpmorgan.com/MarketDataInd/EMBI/elmi.html • Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) - Includes Market Performance charts, News, Press Releases, Research MSCI Index Information (Taiwan, Singapore Free), MSCI RISK Indicators, MSCI Value and Growth Indices MSCI Small Cap and Extended Indices and other information. http://www.msci.com/ • RENIC - The Russian and East European Network Center from the University of Texas at Austin. Searchable by keywords or browse by country http://reenic.utexas.edu/index.html • Trends in Developing Economies (TIDE) - provides brief reports on most of the World Bank's borrowing countries. This compendium of individual country economic trends complements the World Bank's World Development Report, which looks at major global and regional economic trends and their implications for the future prospects of the developing economies. TIDE digests information from national sources and adds staff commentary to explain recent developments. Experimental access to Trends in Developing Economies is available through World Wide Web search interface (linked under: Archival and Access Information"). http://www.ciesin.org/IC/wbank/tde- home.html • LATCO - Tools of the Trade - Useful Sites for International Trade with Latin America. http://www.latco.org/tools.htm

• LANIC (Latin America Network Information Center) - Internet Resources from University of Texas at Austin. http://lanic.utexas.edu/ • Mbendi - Information for Africa - Dubbed Africa's electronic encyclopedia for business and commercial information, The MBendi AfroPaedia is compiled by MBendi Information Services to assist companies and business people...In our pages you will find information on the business opportunities and challenges in the countries of Africa, the companies and organisations active in various industry sectors (Oil, Gas, Chemicals, Mining etc.), the leading business and government personalities, details of conferences and exhibitions, a directory of products and services, the larger development projects currently underway in Africa, key African publications, and information on the African Stock Exchanges. This information is updated continuously, with important changes listed in our new pages section. http://www.mbendi.co.za/ • Middle East Internet Directory – companies arranged by country and industry http://www.arab.net/meid/ • Financial Times - The FT site includes useful features that can be used for acquiring emerging markets intelligence. Requires registration. Click on Contents to access the front page. The information pertinent to emerging markets can be found under Company Briefing as well as the World Shares and News & Analysis subheadings under the Equities heading. Company Briefing allows for company searching by industry sector of a specific country. World Shares allows for searching by share name with options to refine by country and stock exchange. http://www.ft.com/ • International Monetary Fund - This site includes IMF publications, featuring links to full text publications listed alphabetically, IMF Working Papers in full text, as well as the catalog of IMF publications in PDF. http://www.imf.org/external/ • World Bank - The resources here include an Online Library; electronic version of print publications. http://www.worldbank.org/ C. ADRs American Depository Receipts (ADRs) are certificates issued by a US depository bank, representing foreign shares held by the bank, usually by a branch or correspondent in the country of issue. One ADR may represent a portion of a foreign share, one share or a bundle of shares of a foreign corporation. If the ADR's are "sponsored," the corporation provides financial information and other assistance to the bank and may subsidize the administration of the ADR. "Unsponsored" ADRs do not receive such assistance. ADRs are subject to the same currency, political, and economic risks as the underlying foreign share. American depository shares (ADS) are a similar form of certification. • JPMorgan's ADR.com http://www.adr.com/ D. International Stock Exchange Sites International market and firm information. These are all web-based and free/public sites via the Internet. If you are searching for a specific country's stock exchange, the best resource is to search via the web. These sites have links to stock exchange sites (Including International commodities & future exchanges)

General Information • Stock Exchanges Worldwide Links is a list of the world's major stock exchanges and other exchange resources. Stock exchanges available from Africa, Asia, Europe, Middle East, North America, and South America. http://www.tdd.lt/slnews/Stock_Exchanges/Stock.Exchanges.html • International List is also a useful tool to search for specific country's exchanges http://www.internationalist.com/business/stocks/ • African Stock Exchanges Association (ASEA) http://www.jse.co.za/ • Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges (FEAS) http://www.feas.org/ • Federation of European Stock Exchanges (FESE) http://www.fese.be/ • Ibero - American Federation of Stock Exchanges (FIABV) - Buenos Aires http://www.fiabv.org/fiabv/ • International Federation of Stock Exchanges http://www.fibv.com/WFE/home.Asp? nav=ie • International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) http://www.iosco.org/ Specific Country Exchange Sites (not comprehensive) • London Stock Exchange: http://www.londonstockexchange.com/ • Tokyo Stock Exchange: http://www.tse.or.jp/english/index.shtml • Paris Bourse (euronext Paris): http://www.bourse-de-paris.fr/ • Deutsche Boerse (German Stock Exchange): http://deutsche-boerse.com/ • Bolsa De Madrid (Madrid Stock Exchange): http://www.bolsamadrid.es/ing/portada.htm • Australian Stock Exchange: http://www.asx.com.au/ • National Stock Exchange of India: http://www.nseindia.com/ • Tel-Aviv Stock Exchange: http://www.tase.co.il/ • The Russian Exchange: http://www.rts.ru/engl/ • The Suisse Exchange: http://www.swx.com/ III. Industry/Market Analysis A. Industry Research/ Analyst Reports Industry research will give you an overview of the competitive landscape, recent trends and predictions. These sites will allow you to easily find research on a particular industry- retail, for example. Some of the research is sell-side, and some are from independent research firms. The subscription-based data through a university library is most useful here; it is best to start with these resources. Most of the free sites will give you a list of research, but will most likely make you pay for each report. Subscription-based services via the Internet (through Business School Library)

• InvestextPlus provides timely access to analysts' reports on companies and industries, Moody's company reports, and industry reports and literature from trade and professional associations

• Multex gives full-text investment research reports supplied by leading investment banks, brokerage firms and third party providers. Many of these are company reports, but some of the initiating reports have important industry information • Standard & Poor's provides industry research (or industry surveys), very useful for market analysis • Freedonia - Focus is a collection of industry market research. The database contains over 250 reports covering 18 industry sectors. The reports provide market size, historical and forecasted demand by product and markets. • Frost and Sullivan - The Frost and Sullivan database contains market research reports covering numerous markets including: Aerospace & Defense Chemicals, Materials & Foods, Communication & IT, Consumer Products, Electronics & Semiconductors, and Health Care. • Industry Norms and Key Business Ratios - Industry balance sheet and income statement information along with ratios organized by the SIC code. • Jupiter Communications provides web-based research (updated regularly). Search by vertical industry (automotive, banking, consumer products, media, healthcare, retail). Comprehensive views of industry trends & forecasts. You can get alerts emailed to you when new research is published. • Market Research Monitor - Full-text database of market research reports with an international focus. Includes market size data and company profiles as well as market share information. Reports compiled by Euromonitor market analysts. Coverage: 1997 to present, updates are irregular. • Business & Company Resource Center provides Industry ranking, Products and brands, Investment reports, Industry statistics, Consumer marketing data, Emerging technology reports, and Industry newsletter news and analysis • Sports Business Research Network: SBRnet - Full-text database focusing on the sporting goods and sports marketing industry. Provides market research and industry news on all aspects of the industry including sports equipment sales, sports participation, sports broadcasting, sports sponsorship and sports marketing. Coverage: 1996 to the present, updated daily. • Reuters Business Insight is a full-text database of market research reports in consumer goods, energy, finance, healthcare and technology • The Wall Street Transcript offers Analyst Interviews, CEO Interviews, Analyst Roundtables, and "Off The Record" Comments. It is a good resource for finding out what analysts are saying about a particular company or industry. You do not need a username and password to use TWST. To search for articles, use the "Advanced Search." This search enables you to search by keywords in the title, type of article, and company ticker symbol. • TableBase indexes business statistics; is excellent for finding information on companies, industries, products, markets and demographics. Tables are easy to find in TableBase because the statistical tables themselves are indexed, not the source

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Forrester Research - an independent research firm. Industries include Automotive, Consumer Devices & Services, Consumer Packaged Goods, Content Management, Customer Relationship Management, Enterprise Applications, Financial Services, Healthcare, IT Security, IT Spending, Infrastructure, Integration & Web Services, Manufacturing & B2B, Marketing, Media & Entertainment, Portals & Site Technology, Product Life-Cycle Management, Retail, Services & Outsourcing, Supply Chain, Telecom & Networks, Travel, User Experience. Although this site sells most of its research, there are many free reports here that are quite good. http://www.forrester.com/ • HiTech Equity Research Center – Free industry research in the technology and biotechnology sectors. There are some company comparables within specific sectors. http://www.equityresearchcenter.com/ • VirtualPet.com – provides a how-to guide to learn about a specific industry or company. http://www.virtualpet.com/industry/howto/search.htm • Yahoo! Finance – has a specific area dedicated to industry analysis and research. http://biz.yahoo.com/ic/ B. Industry Overviews/ Trends Industry overviews and trends are oftentimes best found in analysts' reports (section III.A.). However, there are services that provide statistical data (for you to interpret), and that also provide analysis of statistical trends, demographics, etc. Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library) • TableBase indexes business statistics; is excellent for finding information on companies, industries, products, markets and demographics. Tables are easy to find in TableBase because the statistical tables themselves are indexed, not the source • Market Research Monitor is a full-text database of market research reports on consumer markets around the globe, with profiles of major markets and consumer goods companies. Reports include industry-specific definitions, market size, sector size, key trends & developments, distribution channels, forecasts & analyses • Industry Norms and Key Business Ratios: Contains industry balance sheet and income statement information along with ratios organized by SIC codes Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Yahoo! Finance – has a specific area dedicated to industry analysis and research. http://biz.yahoo.com/ic/

C. Portfolio Tracking Portfolio tracking engines can be downloaded free of charge. These engines track stock in a portfolio, calculate some measures for the portfolio and retrieve current information and news on stocks. Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • NASDAQ Portfolio Tracker http://www.nasdaq.com/asp/portfoliojava.asp • MSN.com – MSN Investor Software http://moneycentral.msn.com/investor/home.asp • Zacks http://www.zacks.com/?ALERT=my.zacks.com D. SIC Codes Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) is a code system that designates a unique business activity classified by industry. Recently, the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) has replaced the U.S. Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. NAICS was developed jointly by the U.S., Canada, and Mexico to provide new comparability in statistics about business activity across North America. Many companies, however, still use SIC codes; and practically speaking, SIC codes are still preferred on Wall Street. If you know the SIC code of a specific industry, and would like its correlated NAICS code, you can go to the Columbia Business School Library where you will find a manual with the changes, or you can search online at http://www.census.gov/epcd/www/naicstab.htm SIC codes are useful for company comparison within a stated industry. Web-based, free/public services via the Internet: SIC Codes • Melissa DATA lookup SIC codes by entering 2 to 6 digits of the SIC code or an industry description http://www.melissadata.com/Lookups/sic.asp • Logistics World has a directory of industries, NAICS / SIC Codes Lookup and Conversion Table http://www.logisticsworld.com/sic.asp E. Company Comparison Tools Compare two or more firms on designated criteria Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library) • OSIRIS is a comprehensive database of listed corporations, banks and insurance companies around the world. In addition to the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow and ratios it contains news, ownership, ratings, earnings estimates and stock data. Covers over 120 countries, includes 25,000 publicly listed corporations (10,000 US and 15,000 non US) 1,500 banks, and 350 insurance companies. Comps are downloadable into Excel.

• Standard & Poor's Market Insight - Contains three years of compensation history for directors and current compensation for executives for companies within the S&P 1500. Provides comparable analyses that are downloadable in Excel. IV. Historical Data A. Indices & Returns These sites give the histories for a number of price and return indices for stocks and bonds, including indices for non-US stocks Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library) • Datastream (Business Electronic Services) - Large database of statistical time series covering stocks, bonds, commodities and economic data for numerous countries, along with company profiles. See the notebook at the workstation for instructions. Coverage varies by dataset. NOTE: Datastream is only available in the Business and Economics Library (use the signup notebook at the workstation to reserve a time slot) and the Electronic Data Service Lab in Lehman Library. DSDDE - Datastream via Excel user guide (in MS Word) Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Global Financial Data – Link to the Trial Access page. http://www.globalfindata.com/ • Barra Equity Indexes – Link to Research+ Indices page. You will be able to chart a number of indices and P/E, P/B, P/S multiples and accounting ratios for the indices. http://www.barra.com/research/ B. Archival Searches & Press Reports For historical news and press releases, one can usually go to the company website, as an archive of relevant press releases is typically available. However, here are some additional resources for historical news items. Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library) • ProQuest Direct - An interdisciplinary database representing titles found in ABI INFORM (Global Edition), Periodicals Abstracts (Research II Edition), and Newspaper Abstracts. Varies by source; generally periodicals indexed back to 1971 with full-text back to 1988; newspapers indexed back to 1989 with full-text back to 1995 • ABI/INFORM (ProQuest Direct) - Periodical database specializing in business literature, including full text of over 700 of the 1500 ABI/Inform titles. All titles are indexed and abstracted. Also included in ProQuest are Newspapers and General Periodicals. Coverage varies from 1971 – present

• ProQuest Historical Newspapers - This database offers full-text and full-image articles from the New York Times and Wall Street Journal dating back to their first issue. The collection includes digital reproductions of every page from every issue--cover to cover-- in PDF files. New York Times, 1851-1999; Wall Street Journal, 1889-1985 • Factiva - Full-text database providing timely and detailed facts, figures and analyses of companies, industries and financial markets. Includes industry and trade publications, news sources, and company and market data. Coverage varies by source. From 1980 to present. • LexisNexis Academic - An interdisciplinary, full-text database of over 18,000 sources including newspapers, journals, wire services, newsletters, company reports, case law, government documents, transcripts of broadcasts, and selected reference works. Varies by source; generally begins in mid-1980s. Public opinion data back to 1930s from the Roper Center Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Business Week Online – has an archive that dates back to 1995. http://www.businessweek.com/ • The Economist - Searchable archive of headlines and issue dates for articles from 1995- accessible with registration. Current issue available for free on the site. http://www.economist.com/ • Red Herring Online – Includes an archive of past issues to 1993. http://www.redherring.com/ArticlesHome.aspx • Lexis-Nexis Search – The public site is not free, although you can look up headlines for free. Better to use the Business School Library link for a more complete list of news. http://www.lexisnexis.com/ • Excite Search – has an archive. http://search.excite.com/ V. Financial Reporting Policy A. Accounting Standards, Regulators, Government Agencies, Organizations & Resources Accounting standards are outlined and continuously updated on various sites, especially reference the FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board) and IASC (International Accounting Standards Board). The laws and regulations are outlined on various governmental websites (for a complete listing of a specific federal/state/local question, it is best to search www.firstgov.gov). Accounting Resources can be found on various

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through Library) • FARS (Financial Accounting Research Service) (Located on a stand-alone workstation in the Business and Economics Library) - Original Pronouncements - FASB and AICPA pronouncements (including totally superseded pronouncements): FASB Statements, Interpretations, Technical Bulletins, and Concepts Statements; ARBs 43-51; APB Opinions and Statements; and AICPA Accounting Interpretations and Terminology Bulletins. Current Text - Integration of financial accounting and reporting standards arranged by topic. Contains General Standards, Industry Standards, and Current Text sections that have been totally superseded but are still applicable due to a delayed effective date. EITF Abstracts - Full text of each abstract for every issue discussed by the FASB's Emerging Issues Task Force since its inception in 1984. Also includes EITF topical index. Implementation Guides - Q&As from FASB Special Reports and other published implementation guidance. Comprehensive Topical Index - References linked to appropriate sections in the above infobases. Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board) - Includes text of statements, exposure drafts, and news releases. http://www.fasb.org/ • US Securities and Exchange Commissions (SEC) – laws and regulations detailed. http:// www.sec.gov/ • International Accounting Standards Board (IASC) - http://www.iasb.org • Accounting Web – University of Rutgers accounting department has a valuable site with relevant links. http://accounting.rutgers.edu/ • International Federation of Accountants - This site links to standards, publications, and organizational information. http://www.ifac.org/ • SmartPros Accounting Page - This is a comprehensive source of accounting information on the Internet. http://accounting.smartpros.com/ • Internal Revenue Service - Information on this government agency, as well as statistics (to come) and tax regulations (new and proposed). http://www.irs.gov/ • AICPA Online – American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' site. http://www.aicpa.org/index.htm • International Federation of Accountants - This site links to standards, publications, and organizational information. http://www.ifac.org/ • CFO Direct – PriceWaterhouseCoopers website that deals with financial accounting standards, issues, changes, etc. http://www.cfodirect.com/ • Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) - is a private-sector, non-profit corporation, created by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to oversee the auditors of public companies in order to protect the interests of investors and further the public interest in the preparation of informative, fair, and independent audit reports. http://www.pcaobus.org/ • Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) – state and local governmental accounting standards. http://www.gasb.org/ • American Accounting Association (AAA) http://www.aaahq.org/

• American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) http://www.aicpa.org/index.htm • Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) http://www.cfenet.com/home.asp • Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) http://www.theiia.org/ • Institute of Management Accountants (IMA) http://www.imanet.org/ • National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA) http://www.nasba.org VI. Research Tools A. Financial Glossaries Financial Glossaries are useful if you are unfamiliar with a term, or would like additional insight of an obscure idea Web-based, free/public services via the Internet • Duke University's Financial Glossary http://www.duke.edu/~charvey/Classes/wpg/glossary.htm • Yahoo! Financial Glossary http://biz.yahoo.com/f/g/g.html • Global Investor http://www.finance-glossary.com/pages/home.htm • Oasis/ Barkley's Financial Glossary http://www.oasismanagement.com/glossary/ • Quicken Glossary http://www.quicken.com/glossary/ • Equity Analytics http://www.e-analyticsportal.com/ B. Stock Screening Engines Hoovers http://www.hoovers.com/free/ Yahoo! http://screen.yahoo.com/stocks.html Reuters http://www.investor.reuters.com/nscreen/results.asp (open a free account) Morningstar Stock Screener http://www.morningstar.com Go to “Tools.” C. Charting Engines Big Charts http://www.bigcharts.com

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