PLANT KINGDOM by Adithi Pai Century Public School Tirupur, India CLASSIFICATION by ROBERT WHITTAKER IN 1969

WHITTAKERS 5 KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION LIFE MONERA PROTISTA FUNGI PLANTAE ANIMALIA

KINGDOM- MONERA Bacteria – prokaryotic Microscopic organisms Rigid cell wall Reproduction – Binary Fission Nutrition – Photo-autotrophs Chemotrophs Saprptrophs Parasites

Bacteria – prokaryotic

Microscopic organisms

Rigid cell wall

Reproduction – Binary Fission

Nutrition –

Photo-autotrophs

Chemotrophs

Saprptrophs

Parasites

KINGDOM- MONERA BENEFICIAL Decomposes Plant and Animal bodies Disposal of Sewage Dairy products Organic waste to Manure Fixes Nitrogen to plant roots Making Cheese, Butter, Vinegar,Etc Produces Vitamin K and Vitamin B

BENEFICIAL

Decomposes Plant and Animal bodies

Disposal of Sewage

Dairy products

Organic waste to Manure

Fixes Nitrogen to plant roots

Making Cheese, Butter, Vinegar,Etc

Produces Vitamin K and Vitamin B

KINGDOM- MONERA HARMFUL ACTIVITIES Pathogenic Bacteria cause Diseases PLANTS Fire blight for Apples & Pears Citrus canker Wilt disease in Tomato and Potato Soft root in Carrot

HARMFUL ACTIVITIES

Pathogenic Bacteria cause Diseases

PLANTS

Fire blight for Apples & Pears

Citrus canker

Wilt disease in Tomato and Potato

Soft root in Carrot

KINGDOM- MONERA HARMFUL ACTIVITES FOR HUMAN BEINGS CHOLERA Tuberclosis Leprosy Typhoid Pneumonia Tetanus Whooping Cough Diptheria Etc

HARMFUL ACTIVITES

FOR HUMAN BEINGS

CHOLERA

Tuberclosis

Leprosy

Typhoid

Pneumonia

Tetanus

Whooping Cough

Diptheria

Etc

KINGDOM - PROTISTA Unicellular Eukaryotic organisms TYPES Predators – Amoeba Parasites – Plasmodium Phytoplanktons- Dinoflagellates Symbionts – Trichonympha Decomposers- Stemonites

Unicellular

Eukaryotic organisms

TYPES

Predators – Amoeba

Parasites – Plasmodium

Phytoplanktons- Dinoflagellates

Symbionts – Trichonympha

Decomposers- Stemonites

KINGDOM - PROTISTA DINOPHYTA Locomotion- Flagella Unicellular Majority is Plankton Nutrition- Holophytic or Photosynthetic Red Algae – colors the Sea

DINOPHYTA

Locomotion- Flagella

Unicellular

Majority is Plankton

Nutrition- Holophytic or Photosynthetic

Red Algae – colors the Sea

KINGDOM - FUNGI Eukaryotic Organisms Singular- Fungus Plural – Fungi Study of Fungus= MYCOLOGY YEAST – Biggest Group

Eukaryotic Organisms

Singular- Fungus

Plural – Fungi

Study of Fungus= MYCOLOGY

YEAST – Biggest Group

KINGDOM - FUNGI ASCOMYCETES YEAST Largest Group – 30,000 species Unicellular & Non-mycelial Reproduction- Budding or Fission or both Grow in Sugary substartum

ASCOMYCETES

YEAST

Largest Group – 30,000 species

Unicellular & Non-mycelial

Reproduction- Budding or Fission or both

Grow in Sugary substartum

KINGDOM – FUNGI ALGAE CYANOBACTERIA- ALGAE Fresh Water or Marine Associated with Bryophytes, Ferns Sponges

CYANOBACTERIA- ALGAE

Fresh Water or Marine

Associated with Bryophytes, Ferns Sponges

KINGDOM – FUNGI ALGAE CELL STRUTURE PARTS DNA is coiled Cell Wall Ribosomes Lipid droplets Gas Vacoule Thylakoid

CELL STRUTURE

PARTS

DNA is coiled

Cell Wall

Ribosomes

Lipid droplets

Gas Vacoule

Thylakoid

SPIROGYRA

BRYOPHYTA Simplest Land Plants No true Stem,Leaves and Roots Hair like rhizoids to hold Need water for fertilisation Embryo after fertilisation EXAMPLE - MOSES

Simplest Land Plants

No true Stem,Leaves and Roots

Hair like rhizoids to hold

Need water for fertilisation

Embryo after fertilisation

EXAMPLE - MOSES

VASCULAR CRYPTOGRAMS PTERIDOPHYTES Plant body has Stem, roots and leaves Vascular system present Reproductive organs- multicellular Fertilised Egg becomes Embryo EXAMPLE - FERNS

Plant body has Stem, roots and leaves

Vascular system present

Reproductive organs- multicellular

Fertilised Egg becomes Embryo

EXAMPLE - FERNS

GYMNOSPERMS Naked Seeded plants Sporophyte tall trees Stem is erect with branches Reproduction- Sexual Males and Female Plants are separate Leaves are photosynthetic

Naked Seeded plants

Sporophyte tall trees

Stem is erect with branches

Reproduction- Sexual

Males and Female Plants are separate

Leaves are photosynthetic

PTERIDOPHYTA NEPHROLEPIS - FERNS Common Indian Plant Ornamental

Common Indian Plant

Ornamental

ANGIOSPERMS FLOWERING PLANTS Highly developed Flowering Plants Seeds inside ovary 2 TYPES MONOCOTYLEDONS DICOTYLEDONS

Highly developed

Flowering Plants

Seeds inside ovary

2 TYPES

MONOCOTYLEDONS

DICOTYLEDONS

MONOCOTYLEDONS Have only one cotyledon in Seed Example Paddy Wheat Maize

Have only one cotyledon in Seed

Example

Paddy

Wheat

Maize

DICOTYLEDONS HAVE 2 COTYLEDONS IN SEED EXAMPLE Bengal Gram GroundNut Bean Pea

HAVE 2 COTYLEDONS IN SEED

EXAMPLE

Bengal Gram

GroundNut

Bean Pea