THE WORLD BANK

Rural Poverty Remains Stubbornly Persistent and Pervasive % of Poor who are Rural 1981: 75% 2005: 74%

Two-Thirds of Ecosystem Services are Degraded

Food and Fuel Prices have Spiked Shares of Food, Beverages, and Fuel in Household Expenditure, 2007 World Commodity Prices, Jan. 2000-Feb. 2008

GHG Emissions Surpass IPCC Estimates Source: Parry et al. 2001, and IPCC WG 2 2007

World Resources 2005: The Wealth of the Poor KEY FINDNGS Nature anchors household economies of rural poor CBNRM can be pro-poor under the right conditions Tenure reform is catalytic. Governments must construct an enabling, not disabling environment Ecosystems Governance Poverty Ecosystems Governance Poverty Ecosystems Governance Poverty Ecosystems Governance Poverty

World Resources 2008: Roots of Resilience KEY FINDNGS Building resilience (in addition to income) is important Properly design nature-based enterprises is a promising model Challenge is one of scale Ownership, capacity and connection are key elements for successful scaling Ecosystems Governance Poverty Ecosystems Governance Poverty Ecosystems Governance Poverty Ecosystems Governance Poverty

Restoring Wetland Livelihoods in Bangladesh

1. Ownership * Resource Rights * Participation * Desire * Investment

2. Capacity * Technical Assistance * Technological Resources * Business Skills * Social Capacity * Institutional Capacity * Leadership Development

3. Connection Horizontal Linkages Communicating Success Vertical Linkages

Horizontal Linkages

Communicating Success

Vertical Linkages

THE WORLD BANK

Pro-Rural and Pro-Poor Policies Flexible and Inclusive Tenure Rights Fair Competition, Regulatory and Tax Regimes Community-Driven Physical Infrastructure Line Agencies Responsive to Rural Poor

Flexible and Inclusive Tenure Rights

Fair Competition, Regulatory and Tax Regimes

Community-Driven Physical Infrastructure

Line Agencies Responsive to Rural Poor

What is Resilience Resilience Ecosystem Resilience Economic Resilience Social Resilience * Absorb Disturbance * Avoid Threshold * Shock Recovery * Livelihood Options * Social Capital * Crisis Resolution WRR 2008: Scaling-Up Nature-Based Enterprise Photos from Case Study: Building Livelihoods in Wetlands of Bangladesh

Ways to Scale Up Quantitative Scaling: *Size of Enterprise *Number of Enterprises *Geographical Base Organizational Scaling: * Enterprise Capacity Political Scaling: *Influence in Government Institutional Scaling: * Public Institutions *Establish and Distribute Benefits WRR 2008: Scaling-Up Nature-Based Enterprise Functional Scaling: * Scope of Activities Photos: Scaling of Re-greening in Niger

Ownership Connection Capacity

Intermediary Support Organizations Building Bridges to Scale Up Nature-Based Enterprise