Statistical process control withadrian™ aqp

SStatisticaltatistical PProcessrocess CControlontrolWithAdrian™

SPCSTATISTICAL A mathematical technique tointerpret and organise numerical dataPROCESS A set of linked activities that add valueor produce an item. It will comprise ofthe 5Ms and 1ECONTROL A regulatory mechanism to ensurecorrect characteristic performanceWithAdrian™

SPC exists because there is variation in the characteristics ofall machines, people, materials, methods, measurements andenvironments.SPC has as its aim “Zero Defect” through the application ofdefect prevention.Statistical Process ControlWithAdrian™

SPC has as its foundation a philosophy which reduces externalinspection, turning the focus on encouraging individuals tomanage the process to allow their efforts to concentrate oneradicating sources of process variability.SPC seeks to ensure the consistent performance of a processover a long durationStatistical Process ControlWithAdrian™

VARIATIONCommon Cause is a source of variation that is always present,part of the random variation inherent in theprocess itselfSpecial Cause is a source of variation which is unpredictableor intermittent. It is sometimes called anassignable causeThere are two main types of variability in a process :-WithAdrian™

DATAVARIABLE This data is a measurement of acharacteristic along a scaleATTRIBUTE This data has only two possibilitiesPass / Fail Yes / NoThere is no measurement. A judgement ismadeWithAdrian™

HISTOGRAMSub- GroupsQuantityWithAdrian™

BELL SHAPE CURVEWithAdrian™

BELL SHAPECURVEThe Curve is Symmetricaleither side is a MirrorImage.The highest point of the Bellindicates the mostcommon occurrence. Thisis called the “ArithmeticAverage”ArithmeticAverageXWithAdrian™

AVERAGESMean: Arithmetic Average of group ofMeasurements. The symbol for a sample isand for a batch isMedian: The middle value in a group of measurementswhen arranged in ascending or descendingorder.Mode: The most frequently occurring number in agroup of measurements.XXWithAdrian™

SIGMA This indicates an area of deviation from a standardposition.STANDARD DEVIATION( σ ) For sample size data this Greek symbol is used( s ) For batch size data this symbol is usedWithAdrian™

STANDARD DEVIATIONStandard Deviation Formula :-σ = ΣΣ(n - 1)(n - 1)(x-x)(x-x)22WithAdrian™

STANDARD DEVIATIONMean99.73 %99.73 %−1σ 3σ2σ−3σ −2σ 1σ+/-+/- 33σσWithAdrian™

STANDARD DEVIATION99.73 %99.73 %13.5913.59%%13.5913.59%%2σ−2σ34.1334.13%%34.1334.13%%−1σ 1σ 4σ−4σ0.130.13%%0.130.13%%2.142.14%%2.142.14%%3σ−3σ Mean88WithAdrian™

DISTRIBUTION CURVESNormal DistributionProcess Performs around a CentralMeanRepeatable.Predictable.Binomial DistributionProcess has 2 means caused by:Resetting of Process.Changes in Operator.2 Like processes measured as one.SpreadSpreadXWithAdrian™

PROCESS CAPABILITYRepeatability: The ability of a measuring device toduplicate measurements when usedseveral times by one individual andmeasuring the identical characteristic.Reproducibility: The difference in the average of themeasurements made by differentpersons using the same or differentmeasuring device when measuringthe identical characteristicWithAdrian™

DISTRIBUTION CURVESFlat Top - Process Mean hasGradually shifted.Tool Wear.Too Many measurablesin the Process.Skew - Mean of process Biased toone side.Biased Inspection.WithAdrian™

CCAPABILITYAPABILITY is a ComparisonbetweenActual Performance&A Defined SpecificationWithAdrian™

PROCESS CAPABILITYProcess Capability is a measure of the variation ofa process and its ability to produce componentsconsistently within specificationsProcess Capability can only be defined when aprocess is in statistical control; this occurs onlywhen special cause variation has been eliminatedWithAdrian™

PROCESS CAPABILITYCp is the theoretical Capability indexof a process. This index quantifiesthe spread of the process relative tothe specified limits6 σσCp = USL - LSLCp > 1Cp = 1Cp < 1WithAdrian™

PROCESS CAPABILITYCpk Is the actual capabilityindex of a process. TheCpk index quantifiesboth the spread and thecentring of the process inrelation to the specifiedlimits.UpperToleranceLowerToleranceHigh Cp, High CpkHigh Cp, Very Low CpkHigh Cp, Very Low CpkLow Cp, Low CpkCpk = Minimum value of :-USL - X or X - LSL3 σσ 3 σσWithAdrian™

PROCESS CAPABILITYIf the process variabilityis wider than theLimits, it is notcapable,and willproduce WAISTWAISTCpk < 1LSL USLWithAdrian™

PROCESS CAPABILITYIf a process is capable, itis able to producenearly 100% withinthe specified Limits.But this Process isNOT ROBUSTROBUSTCpk = 1LSL USLWithAdrian™

PROCESS CAPABILITYIf the process variabilityis within the specifiedlimits, the process isvery capable, and willproduce all good parts.This Process hasROBUSTNESSROBUSTNESS!!Cpk > 1LSL USLWithAdrian™

PROCESS CAPABILITYAccurate:(Cpk) A tight cluster of measurements thatlie within pre-determined limits.Precision:(Cp) A tight cluster of measurements that lieoutside pre-determined limits.WithAdrian™

PreciseAccuratePROCESS CAPABILITYWithAdrian™

PROCESS CAPABILITYWithAdrian™

Variable Control ChartsVariable DataX Sample AverageIdentify trends within theprocess.R Sample RangeIdentify changes inprocess variation.-5-3-113501234s1 s2 s3 s4 s5 s6 s7 s8 s9 s10XRWithAdrian™

SIX SIGMA PROCESSLSL 6σ6σ+3σ−3σ XUSLCp = 2Cpk = 1.53.4 ppm RejectsWithAdrian™

CAPABILITY EXAMPLEPROCESS Cp Index Cpk IndexABCDCp < 1Cp < 1Cp > 2Cp > 2Cpk < 1Cpk = 1Cpk = 1Cpk > 2RESULTLSL USLWithAdrian™

NNever ending improvement isReflected in anIncreasingIncreasingCpk valueCpk value!!WithAdrian™

WithAdrian™Before you go…I am on the move from the UK to theUSAandWould love to share some ideas withyou!Now, something about me…

Hi ! I’mAdrianBealeWithAdrian™

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Achieving…WithAdrian™Growing Global Teams of 600+PeopleslideSHARE over 10,000 viewsGoogle Top RankingsVideo Dominance in TargetedNiches

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Achieving…WithAdrian™£300K Monthly Losses Reduced toZeroBusiness Running Costs Reduced by45%Increased Productivity by 40%£40K Obsolete Material Identified

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Like this idea? Steal it!Thanks to Slideshare.net for all I have learned and to Chris Ferninandi for the inspirationbehind a not-so-traditional resume idea WithAdrian™Please download, print, share and discuss this document. You will find added information inthe Notes section. Use pieces of it or the whole thing. I only ask that you don’t claim it asyour own work but acknowledge WithAdrian™. Thank you

Statistical process control withadrian™ aqp

by Adrian.B WithAdrian™ on Jul 29, 2012

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