Social Environment William Allan Kritsonis, PhD

William Allan Kritsonis, PhD

Social Environment: Family Majority were raised by both parents Mothers more than fathers raised the adolescents

Majority were raised by both parents

Mothers more than fathers raised the

adolescents

Social Environment: Family Living away from home 45% have experienced living away from home 16.3% ever-lived in a dorm or boarding house Reasons for living away from home Many young people live away from their families

45% have experienced living away from home

16.3% ever-lived in a dorm or boarding house

Reasons for living away from home

Social Environment Parental/Family relationship Siblings 77% get along with all siblings 16% get along but not with all siblings Parents 72% get along well with father 76.5% get along well with mother Significant % have problems relating with family members

Siblings

77% get along with all siblings

16% get along but not with all siblings

Parents

72% get along well with father

76.5% get along well with mother

Social Environment:Family Parental/Family relationship Parents get along well 72% get along well 12.5% don’t get along well Rating of parents: warm & affectionate 70% of fathers scored high 80% mothers scored high

Parents get along well

72% get along well

12.5% don’t get along well

Rating of parents: warm & affectionate

70% of fathers scored high

80% mothers scored high

Social Environment Parental/Family relationship Discuss SEX at home 15.6% sex was discussed at home while adolescent was growing up 6.2% discussed with mother 3.5% discussed with father 4.6% discussed with sister 3.5% discussed with brother Home is not a place where SEX can be discussed

Discuss SEX at home

15.6% sex was discussed at home while

adolescent was growing up

6.2% discussed with mother

3.5% discussed with father

4.6% discussed with sister

3.5% discussed with brother

Social Environment: School 68% go to public school Feelings about school 19.6% would rather not go to sch. many times 5.6% think that school is a waste of time 87.2% try hard to do good in school % think someone at school can help them with sex-related problems

Feelings about school

19.6% would rather not go to sch. many times

5.6% think that school is a waste of time

87.2% try hard to do good in school

% think someone at school can help them with sex-related problems

Social Environment: Media More than half watched x-rated movies/videos : 55% More than a third had read pornographic materials: 38.4%

Social Environment: Friends Who adolescents approach when they have problems? Friends are important support system Academic problems 37.4% teachers 44% peers/classmates 4.8% none Love/relationship problems 62.6% friends 15.5% self 2.1% teachers 1.4% counselor Family problems 64.5% friends 11.8% none 6.4% teacher 2.5% counselor

Academic problems

37.4% teachers

44% peers/classmates

4.8% none

Love/relationship problems

62.6% friends

15.5% self

2.1% teachers

1.4% counselor

Family problems

64.5% friends

11.8% none

6.4% teacher

2.5% counselor

Social Environment: Friends B a r k a d a 97.5% ever had barkada 84.6% parents know about barkada 76.6% parents aware of barkada activities 19.3% barkada with R involved in violent incident

97.5% ever had barkada

84.6% parents know about barkada

76.6% parents aware of barkada activities

19.3% barkada with R involved in violent incident

Social Environment: Friends Fraternity/Sorority 6.2% was ever a member 52% of those in frats have been involved in violent activities

6.2% was ever a member

52% of those in frats have been involved in violent

activities

Social Environment: Friends Friends having sex 39.5% know of unmarried friends who are having sex 23.3% know of unmarried female friends who have gotten pregnant

39.5% know of unmarried friends who

are having sex

23.3% know of unmarried female

friends who have gotten

pregnant

Social Environment : Church/Religion 84.6% are Catholics 3.4% are Born Again 2.9% are INK Religiosity 44% attend at least once a week 8.2% have changed religion 60% of those who changed came from Catholic religion

84.6% are Catholics

3.4% are Born Again

2.9% are INK

Religiosity

44% attend at least once a week

8.2% have changed religion

60% of those who changed came from

Catholic religion

Consequences of risk behaviors Other risk behaviors Accidental, unwanted and unsafe pregnancies Maternal mortality rate among pregnant adolescents is 2-4 times higher than for women over age 20. Infant mortality rate is 30% higher for infants born to mothers ages 15-19 than for those women 20 years or older.

Other risk behaviors

Accidental, unwanted and unsafe pregnancies

Maternal mortality rate among pregnant adolescents is 2-4 times higher than for women over age 20.

Infant mortality rate is 30% higher for infants born to mothers ages 15-19 than for those women 20 years or older.

Consequences of risk behaviors Young Filipino women are reproductively-challenged 162,000 or 10% of all births occur to teenage mothers (15-19) at age 18, 10% are already mothers at age 20, 25% are mothers at age 24, 50% are mothers, and 1/3 of Filipino young women have 2-3 children already Young pregnant women are prone to pregnancy complications

Young Filipino women are reproductively-challenged

162,000 or 10% of all births occur to teenage mothers (15-19)

at age 18, 10% are already mothers

at age 20, 25% are mothers

at age 24, 50% are mothers, and 1/3 of Filipino young women have 2-3 children already

Young pregnant women are prone to pregnancy complications

Consequences of risk behaviors Abortion 5% of ever-pregnant adolescent had at least one abortion experience.

Abortion

5% of ever-pregnant adolescent had at least one abortion experience.

Reasons why adolescents engage in risk behaviors Adolescents are becoming less & less connected with their families and religion Families are showing signs of being less helpful to their adolescents Schools & homes provide venues for sex encounters Adolescents show signs of confusion They are doing more experimentation with their peers Pornograpic media is taking a larger space in their time and attention

Adolescents are becoming less & less connected with their families and religion

Families are showing signs of being less helpful to their adolescents

Schools & homes provide venues for sex encounters

Adolescents show signs of confusion

They are doing more experimentation with their peers

Pornograpic media is taking a larger space in their time and attention

Reasons why adolescents engage in risk behaviors Adolescents now have more liberal attitudes on sex and sex-related matters.

Adolescents now have more liberal attitudes on sex and sex-related matters.

Summary Ill-consequences of risk behaviors are already apparent Many are not even aware of the consequences or of the risks They are ill-prepared for the consequences ‘ Better informed, better equipped’

Ill-consequences of risk behaviors are already apparent

Many are not even aware of the consequences or of the risks

They are ill-prepared for the consequences

‘ Better informed, better equipped’

Summary There are signs of breaking down of adolescent –protective connections Family School Church At the same time, Closeness to peers ‘ Bad’ media taking more significance ‘ transforming risk factors to protective factors, HOW?’

There are signs of breaking down of adolescent –protective connections

Family

School

Church

At the same time,

Closeness to peers

‘ Bad’ media taking more significance

‘ transforming risk factors to protective factors, HOW?’

In view of the foregoing, what kinds of actions are needed to support healthier adolescent development? Who should be joining the efforts? What kinds of strategies are effective?

In view of the foregoing, what kinds of actions are needed to support healthier adolescent development?

Who should be joining the efforts?

What kinds of strategies are effective?

How can we help the adolescents? Level with them, Be honest Have clear reasonable limits Listen actively to them Share plans & schedules Respect their privacy and space Say things respectfully & with warmth Encourage them to discover creative channels of expression Encourage them to develop their own interests & discover sources of fulfillment Trust them & be happy

Level with them, Be honest

Have clear reasonable limits

Listen actively to them

Share plans & schedules

Respect their privacy and space

Say things respectfully & with warmth

Encourage them to discover creative channels of expression

Encourage them to develop their own interests & discover sources of fulfillment

Trust them & be happy