5. Background
• Cyrus the Great, the first king of Persia, freed the
slaves of Babylon, 539 B.C.
• “all people had the right to choose
their own religion, and established
racial equality”
12. “Men are born and remain
free and equal in rights.”
The French Declaration of the Rights of
Man and of the Citizen, France, August
26, 1789.
13. Who has human rights?
Me?
You?
Citizens?
Non-citizens?
Criminals?
Minority groups?
Companies?
• Human rights belong to all human beings by
virtue of them being human
Justice scaleEthics are concerned with how we decide whether human actions are right or wrong. Ethics is the branch of philosophy that focuses on morality and the way in which moral principles are applied to everyday life.Ethics has to do with fundamental questions such as “What is fair?” “What is just?” “What is the right thing to do in this situation?”
Ethical Moral TheoriesA moral theory based on the concept that all people have human rights that form the justifying basis of obligations because they best express the purpose of morality
In 539 B.C., the armies of Cyrus the Great, the first king of ancient Persia, conquered the city of Babylon. But it was his next actions that marked a major advance for Man. He freed the slaves, declared that all people had the right to choose their own religion, and established racial equality. These and other decrees were recorded on a baked-clay cylinder in the Akkadian language with cuneiform script.Known today as the Cyrus Cylinder, this ancient record has now been recognized as the world’s first charter of human rights. It is translated into all six official languages of the United Nations and its provisions parallel the first four Articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
In 1215, after King John of England violated a number of ancient laws and customs by which England had been governed, his subjects forced him to sign the Magna Carta, which enumerates what later came to be thought of as human rights. Among them was the right of the church to be free from governmental interference, the rights of all free citizens to own and inherit property and to be protected from excessive taxes. It established the right of widows who owned property to choose not to remarry, and established principles of due process and equality before the law. It also contained provisions forbidding bribery and official misconduct.
The next recorded milestone in the development of human rights was the Petition of Right, produced in 1628 by the English Parliament and sent to Charles I as a statement of civil liberties. Refusal by Parliament to finance the king’s unpopular foreign policy had caused his government to exact forced loans and to quarter troops in subjects’ houses as an economy measure. Arbitrary arrest and imprisonment for opposing these policies had produced in Parliament a violent hostility to Charles and to George Villiers, the Duke of Buckingham.
On July 4, 1776, the United States Congress approved the Declaration of Independence. Its primary author, Thomas Jefferson, wrote the Declaration as a formal explanation of why Congress had voted on July 2 to declare independence from Great Britain, more than a year after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, and as a statement announcing that the thirteen American Colonies were no longer a part of the British Empire.
content is set by nature and that therefore is universal. As classically used, natural law refers to the use of reason to analyze human nature and deduce binding rules of moral behavior.-Law of Gravity - a set of rules established by nature that are universal.-Natural Rights: What you are born with; Freedom, Created Equal orRights in the original Constitution & Bill of Rights. his right to be a free man his right to own property his right to security“Natural rights” are the rights a person should get from the moment he is born.-Human Rights: Whose that the govt. decides or morals of the societygive you.
background information about human rights in generalIntroduce / remind them of the concept of human rights ( relate to last two lessons). Ask them to translate the concept into their mother tongueAsk them to give examples of the rights that people have in our society. For example, the right to travel wherever they like, the right to live wherever they want, the right to buy whatever they want, the right to work, the right to have children, etc. Remind them that we accept these rights as normal, but that to many people in the world they are a dream
Discuss. Point to the concepts: free, equal, rights. Ask the students to find connections between the photo and the quotation.Do they know who these people are? Why are they famous? Remind them that Martin Luther King fought for the rights of the black people in America in the 1960’s.At that time there was complete segregation between the whites and the blacks, particularly in the south. He fought for the rights of black people. He spoke to the world about how blacks will not put up with being treated unequally. He said he had a dream, a dream that would change the world. and he didn't just fight for being unequal he also wanted every child to get there education doesn't matter black or white. And treated Equal for everyone. He also have dream that one day that poor children living in nation where they won’t be judged by color of the skin but buy the content of the character
Human rights are UNIVERSAL – they belong to everybody in the world. Human rights are INALIENABLE – they cannot be taken away from people.Human rights are INDIVISIBLE and INTERDEPENDENT – all the different human rights are important for human beings to flourish and participate in society.
Absolute rights cannot be interfered with or limited in any way. Examples of absolute rights are the right not to be tortured or treated in an inhuman or degrading way and the right not to be enslaved.Limited rights can be limited in specific circumstances. An example of a limited right is the right to liberty, which can be limited, for example, where someone has been convicted of a crime by a court or is being detained because of mental health problems. Qualified rights can be interfered with in order to protect the rights of other individuals or the public interest. The majority of rights in the Human Rights Act 1998 are qualified rights. An example of a qualified right is the right to freedom of expression. For example, if a student was inciting racial hatred, their right to expression should be restricted.
Obliges others not to interfere with your exercise of the right. (a negative right is a right not to be subjected to an action of another person or group—a government).Negative Rights examples: The right to life, construed as a negative right, obliges others not to kill you, but it does not obligate them to come to your aid if you are starving.The right to free speech, construed as a negative right, obliges others not to interfere with your free speech, but it does not obligate anyone to provide you with a microphone.Civil rights include the ensuring of peoples' physical integrity and safety; individual rights such as privacy, the freedoms of thought and conscience, speech and expression, religion, the press, and movement.Politics rights: freedom of association, the right to assemble, the right of self-defense, and the right to vote.freedom of speech, private property, freedom of worship, freedom from slavery
Obligates others to provide you with positive assistance in the exercise of that right. A positive right is a right to be subjected to an action of another person or groupExamples: police protection of person and property and the right to counsel, Economic, social and cultural rights are (socio-economic human rights, such as the right to education, right to housing, right to adequate standard of living and the right to health). food, housing, public education, employment, national security, military, health care, social security, and a minimum standard of living.
The right to use the good.The right to earn income from the goodThe right to transfer the good to othersThe right to enforcement of property rights
The role of women in the UAE has grown in line with the country's development.As the late President Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan said "Nothing could delight me more than to see the woman taking up her distinctive position in society ... "in 1971. It states that social justice should apply to all and that, before the law, women are equal to men. They enjoy the same legal status, claim to titles and access to education. They have the right to practice the profession of their choice. EducationIslam ( inherit property).
In Abu Dhabi , Muslims usually works from 9:00 am till 12:00 I most companies. However, the non Muslims people should work normally with full hours work.As per Article (65) of the labor law, the maximum number of normal working hours for adult workers is 8 hours a day or 48 a week. Employers are not allowed to exceed the maximum number of working hours even if it is based on an agreement with the worker. During the Holy Month of Ramadan, the normal working hours are reduced by two hours daily.
The average jail sentence for dog fighting is around five years, and/or a fine of about $10,000. However, states like Louisiana and Michigan will fine nearly five times as much, which is upwards of $25,000 and $50,000. if the dog had attacked you after a command from the controlling officer, say grabberd your arm or leg to stop you running away then yes - assaulting a police dog is the same as assaulting a police officer!On the other hand if the dog then went wild and tried to tear you to pieces, say was trying to get at your throat then you would be able to defend yourself - but only if the dog was obviously out of control.If a police dog just attacks you for no reason (say runs away from a police officer at an airport and tries to savage you) then yes you could defend yourself.Jonathan Castelan said that when he broke into the home, the family’s 8-pound dachshund bit him and he killed it with a hammerOwners Abel and Denise Soto actually complained that the sentence was too light because of the dog’s death.