This remarkable book compactly and comprehensively ties together many threads: Galileo's life, Galileo's scientific breakthroughs, Catholic Church theology and superstition, life in Italy, and the relationship of Galileo to his favorite child. The author weaves these together through the device of the 124 surviving letters that Galileo's eldest daughter Virginia sent to him from the convent near Florence where she lived from the age of 15 to her early death.
It's a singular story, starting with the man who revolutionized scientific inquiry by emphasizing observable experience to support theory. That this principle was developed by a person who believed unquestioningly in all of the superstitions of the Catholic Church of his time makes it even more remarkable. The author takes the reader into both the church and scientific worlds, showing when they collided, as well as the mental gymnastics that Galileo and others engaged in to try to reconcile irreconcilable views of nature and the physical world.
As Galileo's fame peaks and then was shattered by the Church's censure, his relationship with Virginia was a source of comfort and practical support. The letters from Virginia (Galileo's letters were burned at the convent) show her intellect, love for her father, and religious fervor. The letters read almost as parodies of religious belief -- though, apparently, it's how people thought at the time.
Example: Virginia lived in an exceedingly strict convent near Florence. She entered the convent as a teenager and literally never left the property ever again. One of the convent's proud principles was that its claustrophic stone walls were the equivalent of Jesus' tomb. The girls entering the convent were told: "You are, therefore, already now in your sepulchre of stone, that is, your vowed enclosure."
One can only shake one's head and say, "What might have been..." if people such as Galileo and his daughter were able to pursue their visions more fully.
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