Referencing styles and tools: An overview Vasantha Raju N Librarian Govt. First Grade College Periyapatna vasanthrz@gmail.com 83 rd Orientation Program Academic Staff College July 30, 2009 University of Mysore, Mysore

To acknowledge others works To avoid plagiarism Reflect the thoroughness of the work (Amit, 2004). To trace the intellectual development of the ideas you present. To give credibility to your work. Studies have reported that students do not cite properly (Chikkamanju, 2009; Oppenheim & Smith, 2006 ; Clarke & Oppenheim, 2006). Why we need to cite?

To acknowledge others works

To avoid plagiarism

Reflect the thoroughness of the work (Amit, 2004).

To trace the intellectual development of the ideas you present.

To give credibility to your work.

Studies have reported that students do not cite properly (Chikkamanju, 2009; Oppenheim & Smith, 2006 ; Clarke & Oppenheim, 2006).

When to cite Quotations Summarizations of facts or ideas Information relevant to a particular argument (Amit, 2004).

Quotations

Summarizations of facts or ideas

Information relevant to a particular argument (Amit, 2004).

What sources to cite Books Journals Conference proceedings Patents Thesis Personal communications Web pages etc.

Books

Journals

Conference proceedings

Patents

Thesis

Personal communications

Web pages etc.

Citation styles There are several popular citation style manuals. Among the most commonly used style manuals are…. Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA) Chicago Manual of Style MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (MLA)

There are several popular citation style manuals.

Among the most commonly used style manuals are….

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA)

Chicago Manual of Style

MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (MLA)

Book covers of APA, Chicago and MLA Manual

Information necessary for properly citing sources For book - Author or editor(s) with initials or forenames - Title - Edition - Publisher - Date of publication Imprint - Place of publication

Example for books

Referencing in APA, Chicago and MLA for books http://www.silverbearcafe.com/private/images/drowning.jpg APA Darwin, C. (2006). On the origin of species: By means of natural selection . New York: Dover Publications. Chicago Manual of Style Darwin, Charles. 2006. On the origin of species: By means of natural selection . New York: Dover Publications. MLA Darwin, Charles. On the origin of species: By means of natural selection . New York: Dover Publications, 2006.

APA

Darwin, C. (2006). On the origin of species: By means of natural selection . New York: Dover Publications.

Chicago Manual of Style

Darwin, Charles. 2006. On the origin of species: By means of natural selection . New York: Dover Publications.

MLA

Darwin, Charles. On the origin of species: By means of natural selection . New York: Dover Publications, 2006.

Information necessary……… Conti… For journal article - Article author (s) with initials or forenames - Publication year - Article title - Journal title (italics) - Volume and issue number - pagination

For journal article

- Article author (s) with initials or forenames

- Publication year

- Article title

- Journal title (italics)

- Volume and issue number

- pagination

Example for journal articles

APA Byrne, A. (2008). Web 2.0 strategy in libraries and information services. Australian Library Journal, 57 (4), 365-376. Chicago Manual of Style Byrne, A. 2008. Web 2.0 strategy in libraries and information services. Australian Library Journal , 57 (4): 365-376. MLA Byrne, Alex. “Web 2.0 strategy in libraries and information services.” Australian Library Journal 57.4 (2008): 365-376. Referencing in APA, Chicago and MLA for journal articles

APA

Byrne, A. (2008). Web 2.0 strategy in libraries and information services. Australian Library Journal, 57 (4), 365-376.

Chicago Manual of Style

Byrne, A. 2008. Web 2.0 strategy in libraries and information services. Australian Library Journal , 57 (4): 365-376.

MLA

Byrne, Alex. “Web 2.0 strategy in libraries and information services.” Australian Library Journal 57.4 (2008): 365-376.

Information necessary……… Conti… For article/chapter in a book collection author's surname(s) and initial(s) - title of article - title of book - editor(s) name - publisher - place of publication - year of publication - page number(s)

For article/chapter in a book collection

author's surname(s) and initial(s)

- title of article

- title of book

- editor(s) name

- publisher

- place of publication

- year of publication

- page number(s)

Example for article/chapter in a book collection

Referencing in APA, Chicago and MLA for a book chapter APA Narahari Rao, H.N. (2007). Girish’s women trilogy. In N. Manu Chakravarthy (ed.), Culturing realism: reflection on Girish Kasaravalli’s films (pp. 99-106). Bangalore: Nudi Pustaka. Chicago Manual Narahari Rao, H.N. 2007. . “Girish’s women trilogy.” In Culturing realism: reflection on Girish Kasaravalli’s films , ed. N. Manu Chakravarthy , 99-106 . Bangalore: Nudi Pustaka MLA Narahari Rao, H.N. “Girish’s women trilogy.” Culturing realism: reflection on Girish Kasaravalli’s films . Ed. N. Manu Chakravarthy . Bangalore: Nudi Pustaka, 2007. 99-106.

APA

Narahari Rao, H.N. (2007). Girish’s women trilogy. In N. Manu Chakravarthy (ed.), Culturing realism: reflection on Girish Kasaravalli’s films (pp. 99-106). Bangalore: Nudi Pustaka.

Chicago Manual

Narahari Rao, H.N. 2007. . “Girish’s women trilogy.” In Culturing realism: reflection on Girish Kasaravalli’s films , ed. N. Manu Chakravarthy , 99-106 . Bangalore: Nudi Pustaka

MLA

Narahari Rao, H.N. “Girish’s women trilogy.” Culturing realism: reflection on Girish Kasaravalli’s films . Ed. N. Manu Chakravarthy . Bangalore: Nudi Pustaka, 2007. 99-106.

For website - Author - Name of the site - date site was created - Retrieved date - URL Information necessary……… Conti…

For website

- Author

- Name of the site

- date site was created

- Retrieved date

- URL

Referencing in APA, Chicago and MLA for web page /site

Referencing in APA, Chicago and MLA for webpage/ site APA National School Board Association. (2007). Retrieved July 26, 2009, from http://www.nsba.org/ Chicago Manual National School Board Association. 2007. http://www.nsba.org/ (accessed July 26, 2009). MLA National School Board Association. 26 July 2009 < http://www.nsba.org>

APA

National School Board Association. (2007). Retrieved July 26, 2009, from http://www.nsba.org/

Chicago Manual

National School Board Association. 2007. http://www.nsba.org/ (accessed July 26, 2009).

MLA

National School Board Association. 26 July 2009 < http://www.nsba.org>

For article in electronic (e) journal - author's surname(s) and initial(s) title of article Journal title Volume & issue number (if available) Page numbers (if available ) Document retrieved date URL Source: http://flickr.com Information necessary……… Conti…

For article in electronic (e) journal

- author's surname(s) and initial(s)

title of article

Journal title

Volume & issue number (if available)

Page numbers (if available )

Document retrieved date

URL

Referencing in APA, Chicago and MLA for e-journal

APA Pyati, A. K. (2009). Public library revitalization in India: Hopes, challenges, and new visions. First Monday, 7(6). Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/viewArticle/2588/2237. Chicago Manual Pyati, Ajit. K. 2009. Public library revitalization in India: Hopes, challenges, and new visions. First Monday 7, no. 6, (July 6 ) http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/viewArticle/2588/2237 (accessed July 29, 2009) MLA Pyati, A. K. &quot; Public library revitalization in India: Hopes, challenges, and new visions.&quot; First Monday 7.6 (2009): 29 July 2009 <http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/viewArticle/2588/2237 >. Referencing in APA, Chicago and MLA for e-journal

APA

Pyati, A. K. (2009). Public library revitalization in India: Hopes, challenges, and new visions. First Monday, 7(6). Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/viewArticle/2588/2237.

Chicago Manual

Pyati, Ajit. K. 2009. Public library revitalization in India: Hopes, challenges, and new visions. First Monday 7, no. 6, (July 6 )

http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/viewArticle/2588/2237 (accessed July 29, 2009)

MLA

Pyati, A. K. &quot; Public library revitalization in India: Hopes, challenges, and new visions.&quot; First Monday 7.6 (2009): 29 July 2009 <http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/viewArticle/2588/2237 >.

Few important referencing tools/ software Features of these referencing tools Easy to use Web based Import from online databases/web pages Create bibliographies Create footnotes, in-text references etc features are endless…….! Source: http://library.nyu.edu/tools/compare.html SL. No. Name of the Software URL Free or commercial 1. EndNote http://www.endnote.com Commercial 2. RefWorks http://www.refworks.com Commercial 3. Citation Machine http://citationmachine.net Free 4. Zotero http://www.zotero.org/ Free

Features of these referencing tools

Easy to use

Web based

Import from online databases/web pages

Create bibliographies

Create footnotes, in-text references etc

features are endless…….!

Source: http://library.nyu.edu/tools/compare.html

Online social bookmarking tools SL No. Online bookmarking tools URL Availability 1. citeulike http://www.citeulike.org Free 2. Connotea http://www.connotea.org/ Free 3. Delicious http://delicious.com Free

Citulike web interface (http://www.citeulike.org)

Citation formats in citeulike

Features of citulike Easily store references you find online Discover new articles and resources Share references with your peers Find out who's reading what you're reading Store and search your PDFs Source: http://www.citeulike.org/

Easily store references you find online

Discover new articles and resources

Share references with your peers

Find out who's reading what you're reading

Store and search your PDFs

Source: http://www.citeulike.org/

Delicious web interface (http://delicious.com)

Features of delicious Can save all your bookmarks online Share bookmarks with other people Can see what other people are bookmarking Search and tagging tools help you keep track of your entire bookmark collection Source: http://delicious.com

Can save all your bookmarks online

Share bookmarks with other people

Can see what other people are bookmarking

Search and tagging tools help you keep

track of your entire bookmark collection

Source: http://delicious.com

Connotea web interface (http://www.connotea.org/)

Features of Connotea bookmarking tool Save and organize links to your references Easily share references with colleagues Access references from any computer Easy to use Source : http://www.connotea.org

Save and organize links to your references

Easily share references with colleagues

Access references from any computer

Easy to use

Source : http://www.connotea.org

Thank You ?

Thank You

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