Introducing Supportive Technologies: Searching for the Tipping Point Elaine Douglas

Make a better mousetrap, and the world will beat a path to our door. -Ralph Waldo Emerson

-Ralph Waldo Emerson

One of the greatest pains to human nature is the pain of a new idea. …, therefore, common men hate a new idea... - Walter Bagehot

- Walter Bagehot

I-TECH’s Work Development of a skilled health work force and Well-organized national health delivery systems, in order to Provide effective prevention, care and treatment of infections disease in the developing world Technologies are key

Development of a skilled health work force and

Well-organized national health delivery systems, in order to

Provide effective prevention, care and treatment of infections disease in the developing world

Technologies are key

Technology Roll-Out New technologies may seem to be the answer Putting them in place adequately Overcoming natural resistance is key

New technologies may seem to be the answer

Putting them in place adequately

Overcoming natural resistance is key

Training Delivery Audience Response System Distance Learning PowerPoint Videos

Audience Response System

Distance Learning

PowerPoint

Videos

Health System Strengthening Laboratory Equipment (like Viral Load and CD4 testing equipment) Electronic Medical Records and Informatics Video Conferencing Telemedicine

Laboratory Equipment (like Viral Load and CD4 testing equipment)

Electronic Medical Records and Informatics

Video Conferencing

Telemedicine

Diffusion of Innovation Theory from Everett Rogers Diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated through channels over time among members of a social system

Theory from Everett Rogers

Diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated through channels over time among members of a social system

Four Main Elements Innovation Communication Channels Time Social System

Innovation

Communication Channels

Time

Social System

Critical to Success Not just moving through the elements, but The capability to do something useful

Not just moving through the elements, but

The capability to do something useful

The Role of “Early Adopters”

The “Tipping Point” The level at which the momentum for change becomes unstoppable Occurs as Early Adopters start using the technology And the majority catches on Remember: the majority will only adopt innovations once locally successful

The level at which the momentum for change becomes unstoppable

Occurs as Early Adopters start using the technology

And the majority catches on

Remember: the majority will only adopt innovations once locally successful

Resistance Common May be due to: Perceived Loss of Power Lack of Knowledge Threat Fear

Common

May be due to:

Perceived Loss of Power

Lack of Knowledge

Threat

Fear

Learning Theories Response to New Technologies Particularly Resistance

Response to New Technologies

Particularly Resistance

Domains of Learning Theory Emphasis on learning with understanding and comprehension, not just memorization, led to creation of taxonomies for three domains, or categories, of learning: Cognitive Affective Psychomotor Source: Mager, Bloom, Krathwahl Training Summit: Session 2.Theories

Emphasis on learning with understanding and comprehension, not just memorization, led to creation of taxonomies for three domains, or categories, of learning:

Cognitive

Affective

Psychomotor

Source: Mager, Bloom, Krathwahl

Cognitive Domain 1 Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation 1 Bloom 1956 Training Summit: Session 2.Theories

Knowledge

Comprehension

Application

Analysis

Synthesis

Evaluation

1 Bloom 1956

Psychomotor Domain 2 Perception Set Guided response Mechanism Complex overt response 2 Rothwell and Kazanas (1989) Training Summit: Session 2.Theories

Perception

Set

Guided response

Mechanism

Complex overt response

2 Rothwell and Kazanas (1989)

Affective Domain 3 Receiving: Attending and open to new information. Responding: Active pursuit of an interest. Valuing: Ability to demonstrate commitment. Organization: Ability to prioritize and organize values. Internalizing values: Ability to act consistently and predictably according to a value system or consistent philosophy. 3 Krathwohl, D.R., Bloom, B.S., and Masia, B.B. (1964) Training Summit: Session 2.Theories

Receiving: Attending and open to new information.

Responding: Active pursuit of an interest.

Valuing: Ability to demonstrate commitment.

Organization: Ability to prioritize and organize values.

Internalizing values: Ability to act consistently and predictably according to a value system or consistent philosophy.

3 Krathwohl, D.R., Bloom, B.S., and Masia, B.B. (1964)

Overcoming Resistance Information flow is key Team Involvement Pay Attention to Process Address affective domain by Video Step-by-step introduction to allow success Allow for questions and feedback Encouragement

Information flow is key

Team Involvement

Pay Attention to Process

Address affective domain by

Video

Step-by-step introduction to allow success

Allow for questions and feedback

Encouragement

Some Examples

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Thank you! Elaine Douglas Senior Technical Specialist, I-TECH, University of Washington edouglas @u.washington.edu www.go2itech.org

Thank you!

Elaine Douglas

Senior Technical Specialist, I-TECH,

University of Washington

edouglas @u.washington.edu

www.go2itech.org