Fa 28 weaving history

History Of Philippine Weaving

Pre-Colonial Era

An Ancient Artform
Would weave fibers such as abaca, pineapple, ramie, maguey, cotton and bark cloth
We know this because of the accounts of early explorers

Textile Weaving The Ifugao and Aeta groups used bark cloth

Textile Weaving
The Pinilian Blanket of Ilocos

Textile Weaving
Ifugao Ikat , with crocodile motif

Textile Weaving
Virtually all attire was hand woven. Examples include the G-string, Maranao Malong , Bontoc Tapis, Ilong patadyong, T’boli T’nalak, etc.
Malong Tapis

Hat Weaving
Examples include the Tausug hat, Maguindanao hat, and the Yakan hat of Basilan
Yakan hat of Basilan

Basketry
3 kinds of baskets: carrying, storage, and trapping baskets

Basketry
Storage Basket
Cordillera pasiking ,
used for carrying
grain

Basketry
Storage Basket
Bontoc akob , used
As a lunch basket

Basketry
Trapping Basket
Salakab, used for trapping fish in rice paddies

Basketry
Basketry exemplifies the creative use of materials for the environment and implies extensive knowledge of different materials and their natural properties. Methods include: bamboo method, large leaves method.
Basketry has a communal meaning and function: mediate between humans and nature.

Mat Weaving
All regions of the Philippines have a tradition of mat weaving, since mats are used all over the country as bedding material. It is primarily seen as a woman’s work.
Most mats are made out of leaves of pandan or the buri palm. They are often decorated with strips of one or two colors, creating simple linear patterns.
The process is as follows: one gathers the raw materials from plants, then strips, boils, dyes and weaves it.
The quality of a mat is judged from the softness of its material, the fineness of its weave, and the beauty of its design patterns.
Used for barter as well as bedding.

Mat Weaving Laminusa Mats of the Samal women Basey mats of Leyte

Spanish Colonization

The local fabric that caught the attention of the Spaniards was the nipis, which is woven from stalks of the abaca plant. They were colorfully dyed, striped or embroidered in white, and made into different items of clothing for both men and women, including the Barong Tagalog. It was introduced into the international market in the late 19 th century. The different techniques of making/embroidering the nipis were passed down from generation to generation.

Spanish Colonization Nipis Fabric

The religious practices the Spaniards introduced to the Filipinos also gave rise to new weaving practices: palaspas —long stalks of coconut or buri palm with their fronds plaited into decorative patterns and embellished with crepe-paper flowers.

Spanish Colonization Palapas

Mats were made to order, usually given as gifts for special occasions. They often bore the letters “recuerdo” “mr. and mr.s”.

American Colonization
Most of the artistic focus during this time was on avant-garde art, especially in the fields of painting and sculpture.

Fa 28 weaving history

by Trish Sotto

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