Sleep

How do wepreventobesityin 2011?
Angelo Tremblay
Division of Kinesiology

By counteracting the impact of obesogenicenvironmentalfactors
By promotingadequatesleep
By increasing the physicalwork/cognitive effort ratio
By investing in nutrition competence and healthyfoodavailability
By promotinghealthyfood-relatedbehaviours
By investing in preventivepharmacology !!!

The QuebecFamilyStudyexperience

Risk factors for overweight and obesity in adulthood: Results from the Quebec Family Study
Risk factors Adjusted OR BW (kg) vs
(cross-sectional) reference category
(6 y follow-up)
Short sleep duration 3.81* 1.65
High disinhibition eating 3.8* 1.46
behavior
Low dietary calcium intake 2.88* 1.3
High susceptibility to hunger 2.2* 1.28
behavior
Non-participation in high-intensity 2.03* 1.23
physical exercise
High dietary restraint behavior 2.01* 1.09
Non-consumption of multivitamin 1.86* 0.87
and dietary supplements
High dietary lipid intake 1.64** 0.61
High alcohol intake 1.37** 0.39
*p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05
Adapted from Chaput et al, Obesity 2009

By counteracting the impact of obesogenicenvironmentalfactors
By promotingadequatesleep
By increasing the physicalwork/cognitive effort ratio
By investing in nutrition competence and healthyfoodavailability
By promotinghealthyfood-relatedbehaviours
By investing in preventivepharmacology!!!

Effect of sleep curtailment on appetite control
Design: randomized, 2-period, 2-condition crossover clinical study in 12 healthy men
Intervention: 2 days of sleep restriction and 2 days of sleep extension under controlled conditions of caloric intake and physical activity
Results: plasma leptin (18%) ghrelin (28%) hunger (24%)
appetite (23%)
Spiegel K et al. Ann Intern Med (2004).

Mean body composition in female short sleepers
5-6 hours 7-8 hours
(n=42) (n=239)
Weight (kg) 75.7 70.5*
BMI (kg/m2) 29.8 27.3*
Body fat mass (kg) 29.2 23.3*
Body fat (%) 36.1 31.6*
Waist girth (cm) 88.1 83.2*
Sum of 6 skinfolds (mm)168.9 144.2*
* Significant difference (p<0.05).
Chaput et al.Obesity15: 253-261, 2007

Correlations between sleep duration and body weight in boys of the “Québec en Forme” Project
r = –0.33, p < 0.01
n = 211
*adjusted for age
Chaput et al.Int. J. Obes. 30: 1080-1085, 2006.

Relationship between potential risk factors and childhood overweight/obesity
Adapted from Chaput et al.Int. J. Obes. 30: 1080-1085, 2006.

Acute partial sleepdeprivationincreasesfoodintake in healthy men
Values are means. * p < 0.01
AdaptedfromBrondel et al, AJCN 91:1550-59, 2010

From Schmid et al. AJCN 90: 1476-82, 2009

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Sleep

by TravisSaunders on Mar 08, 2011

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