In this presentation, we examine the role of statistical analysis as evidence in employment discrimination analysis. Specifically, we address: (1) Alternative Legal Theories of Discrimination - Disparate Treatment and Disparate Impact (2) Direct versus Indirect Evidence (3) Basics of Statistical Inference (4) Statistical Significance and Sample Size (5) Application of Statistical Inference to Disparate Impact and Disparate Treatment Claims (6) The Importance of Statistics: Randall v. Rolls Royce