ENVIRONMENT MAKES A DIFFERENCE Information inherited from parents affects almost all of our features (the way we look). However our environment makes a difference as most features we have can be linked or traced to the environment we live in.

Information inherited from parents affects almost all of our features (the way we look).

However our environment makes a difference as most features we have can be linked or traced to the environment we live in.

MAKING THE DIFFERENCE – IS IT PARENTS OR THE ENVIRONMENT? YOUR TASK: Suggest three more examples for each column in the table. Your teacher will tell you if they are correct or not. WELL DONE Artificial hair colour Skin colour Artificial eye colour Natural Hair colour Fat, skinny or slim Natural Eye colour Darker skin (more time in the sun) Height (Tall or Short) Environment making the difference Parents making the difference

HUMAN INFORMATION BANK What is human information bank all about? Information about you and me is secretly stored somewhere in the human bank. Bank designed biologically by nature to Information about your Skin colour Hair colour Height Finger length Size or weight Finger print IS THE SAFEST BANK YOU CAN EVER IMAGINE – TRUE OR FALSE?

What is human information bank all about?

Information about you and me is secretly stored somewhere in the human bank.

Bank designed biologically by nature to

Information about your

Skin colour

Hair colour

Height

Finger length

Size or weight

Finger print

ARE YOU A LIVING ORGANISM? This question was used as a starter in one of my lessons. The response? Shockingly unbelievable Yes were asked to move to the right hand side of the class. 85 % was YES No were asked to move to the left hand side of the class. 15 % was NO What NEXT? I asked the following questions Do you eat? Have you seen any observable difference in your height 4 ago and now ?

This question was used as a starter in one of my lessons. The response? Shockingly unbelievable

Yes were asked to move to the right hand side of the class. 85 % was YES

No were asked to move to the left hand side of the class. 15 % was NO

What NEXT?

I asked the following questions

Do you eat?

Have you seen any observable difference in your height 4 ago and now ?

Do you respond to changes within and around you? Do you toilet? Do you move from place to place? At this point just one student was left on the other side of the class. THEN……..

Do you respond to changes within and around you?

Do you toilet? Do you move from place to place?

At this point just one student was left on the other side of the class.

THEN……..

MRS GREN - RECAPPED Living organisms are plants and animals. Before we can call something a living organism it must be able to meet 7 special criteria. Some people use the word MRS GREN to help them remember the 7 characteristics

Living organisms are plants and animals. Before we can call something a living organism it must be able to meet 7 special criteria. Some people use the word MRS GREN to help them remember the 7 characteristics

A HOUSE INSIDE A HOUSE - CELLS We as living organisms are made up of cells - except for germs like viruses and bacteria , just about every other living thing on Earth is made of cells . This is probably why cells are called the building blocks of life.

We as living organisms are made up of cells - except for germs like viruses and bacteria , just about every other

living thing on Earth is made of cells .

This is probably why cells are called the building blocks of life.

CELLS AND TYPES Some human somatic cells are frequently renewed or replaced by new ones. Other cells are rarely duplicated. Examples of Cells Hair cells , skin cells , and finger nails cells are replaced constantly and at a very rapid rate throughout our live time.

Some human somatic cells are frequently renewed or replaced by new ones.

Other cells are rarely duplicated.

Examples of Cells

Hair cells , skin cells , and finger nails cells are replaced constantly and at a very rapid rate throughout our live time.

CELLS – ARE THEY SPECIAL Cells work to keep us healthy and alive – as soon as they wear out the are replaced by new one. This is most noticeable with our skin. WHAT IS IN YOUR CELL? Your cell is made up of nucleus Inside the nucleus are threadlike structures called chromosomes Inside the chromosomes are thousands of genes.

Cells work to keep us healthy and alive – as soon as they wear out the are replaced by new one. This is most noticeable with our skin.

WHAT IS IN YOUR CELL?

Your cell is made up of nucleus

Inside the nucleus are threadlike structures called chromosomes

Inside the chromosomes are thousands of genes.

Match cell types with their purpose Purpose of cell YOUR TASK: To re-arrange the above Helping to digest the food we eat blood cells contracting to move body parts brain cells Helps to shape to our body muscle Thinking faculty and processes bone cells carrying oxygen round our body stomach cells Type of cell

Is the Human information Bank? The GENES The gene is the safe deposit box. It is the control centre and controls things like how we develop Our eye colour, Height, weight or size, skin colour, hair colour, dimples, finger length…. etc

The GENES

The gene is the safe deposit box.

It is the control centre and controls things like how we develop

Our eye colour, Height, weight or size, skin colour, hair colour, dimples, finger length…. etc

QUICK TASK (2 MINUTES) Summary of cell parts 1. Write the following cell parts in order starting with the smallest Gene , nucleus , chromosomes, cell 2. Explain how the genes control what the cell does from time to time.

Summary of cell parts

1. Write the following cell parts in order starting with the smallest

Gene , nucleus , chromosomes, cell

2. Explain how the genes control what the cell does from time to time.

THREADLIKE STRUCTURES - CHROMOSOMES What are chromosomes? Chromosomes are the packaging for our bodies genetic material (known as DNA = d eoxyribo n ucleic a cid). DNA carries a specific code that gives instructions to our body on how to grow, develop and function. These instructions are organized into units called genes.

What are chromosomes?

Chromosomes are the packaging for our bodies genetic material (known as DNA = d eoxyribo n ucleic a cid).

DNA carries a specific code that gives instructions to our body on how to grow, develop and function.

These instructions are organized into units called genes.

ALLELES – A FRIEND YOU SHOULD KNOW Most of the features we have are affected by more than one gene. What are ALLELES? Alternative forms of a genetic characteristic. One of two or more alternative forms of a gene in a chromosome, caused by a difference in the sequence of DNA.

Most of the features we have are affected by more than one gene.

What are ALLELES?

Alternative forms of a genetic characteristic. One of two or more alternative forms of a gene in a chromosome, caused by a difference in the sequence of DNA.

THE HUMAN LOTTERY This is best explained with examples. A gene which controls eye colour in humans may have two alternative forms – an allele that can produce blue eyes, and an allele that produces brown eyes.

This is best explained with examples.

A gene which controls eye colour in humans may have two alternative forms – an allele that can produce blue eyes, and an allele that produces brown eyes.

THE HUMAN LOTTERY PART 2

YOUR TASK STAYING WITH THE ALLES Use the diagram above to work out the chances of you having a BROWN or BLUE eyes

YOUR TASK STAYING WITH THE ALLES Use the diagram below to work out the chances of Michael inheriting Huntington’s disorder

YOUR TASK STAYING WITH THE ALLES Use the diagram below to work out the chances of Michael inheriting Cystic Fibrosis disorder

CYSTIC FIBROSIS 1. Can you catch cystic fibrosis (CF)? 2. Is it a genetic disorder? 3. What is a genetic disorder? 4. How examples of genetic disorder can you list in your science book? 5. Most people with CF can’t have children- why? 6. How come babies with CF are usually born to healthy parents?

1. Can you catch cystic fibrosis (CF)?

2. Is it a genetic disorder?

3. What is a genetic disorder?

4. How examples of genetic disorder can you list in your science book?

5. Most people with CF can’t have children- why?

6. How come babies with CF are usually born to healthy parents?

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