1. 1
AHSGE Chapter 4
Growth of a New Nation
Land Acquisitions and Explorations
CHUNK #1 Turn to page 47. Read Land Acquisitions and Explorations. Using the
map provided under your desk, and a dry erase marker, circle and
label each area of land acquisition mentioned in your book.
• Treaty of Paris 1783 – Gave the United States all the land
__________to the Mississippi River, to ____________in the North
and to the northern border of ____________Florida.
• Land Ordinance of 1785 – Land area from ___________River to the
Mississippi River would be made into new states. When required
population reached, the territory could apply for______________.
• Northwest Ordinance – Creation of 3 to 5 __________in the
Northwest Territory. Prohibited in ____________the territory and
guaranteed freedom of religion, trial by jury and access to free
_____________education.
• Louisiana Purchase – bought from_____________. More than
_____________the size of the United States.
• Reservations – tiny ____________of land where Native American’s
were forced to live because of westward________________.
• Lewis and Clark Expedition – Expedition to find a
___________route to the _____________Ocean.
• Sacajawea – Shoshone woman who was ____________and guide for
_____________and Clark.
• 1819 – Year ___________became a state.
President James Monroe
• ___________experienced political ___________during his
presidency.
• Era of Good Feelings – name for ___________presidency because of
national unity and _____________mood of the country.
• Monroe Doctrine – policy that stated the ______________
________________ would not interfere in the ___________affairs
of European countries and would ____________any European
intervention in the countries in ___________and South America.

2. 2
Important Inventions
• Eli Whitney (cotton gin) – inventor of a machine that
_____________the seeds from the cotton.
• Interchangeable parts – in___________, each part was produced
with such precision that it could _______with all the other parts.
Became the basis for ______________development in the U.S.
Henry Clay’s American System
• Henry Clay was a prominent _____________from Kentucky.
• American System – plan to propose a (1) ______________tariff (a
tax on ___________to keep American manufacturing growing).
• Protective Tariff of 1816 – raised ___________on imports by 20%.
• (2) Internal Improvements – better __________and roadways
funded by the federal government’s _____________revenue.
• (3) A Strong National Bank - 1st Bank of U.S. ___________not
renewed. States started issuing their own bank notes
(__________money). Many different bank notes made
____________difficult. Clay encouraged Congress to
___________2nd Bank of the United States to stabilize
_____________and hold government funds.
Chunk #2 Turn to page 50 . Read the three bullets and the paragraph at the top of
the page. Turn and Talk with your neighbor and answer the following
question.
What did Clay wish to accomplish with his vision?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
The tariff would ______________the growing industries in the
_____________. The money from the tariff would pay for _____________in
roads and canals. A strong national bank would _______________this flow of
commerce.
Roads and Canals
• National Road – Congress approved and ____________road which
stretched westward from Maryland to________________.

3. 3
President Andrew Jackson
•
First man to rise from childhood ___________to the presidency.
Represented the “_______________Man”.
• Jacksonian Democracy –during his term
______________qualifications for voting were_____________.
CHUNK #3 Turn to page 52. Read the first paragraph under President Andrew
Jackson. On the lines provided below List below a fictitious example of
the Spoils System.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
• Spoils System – The policy of allowing friends and supporters to have
high _________________in government.
• Doctrine of Nullification – came about when ______________
______________protested the high tariffs ______________on
British goods. Stated that if Congress passed a ____________that
was harmful to a state, that state was not obligated to
__________it.
The Indian Removal Act
• Indian Removal Act – Jackson’s order for the forced __________of
five Native American Nations to _____________in order to make
room for white_____________.
• Trail of Tears – The forced __________of the
_____________Nation to reservations in Oklahoma
(_________miles). Many died from_____________, starvation and
exposure.
The Trails to the West
• Oregon Trail – Trail to ____________Coast.
• Mormon Trail – Trail to _____________that Mormons took to
escape persecution for their __________beliefs (polygamy – more
than one__________).
• California Trail – Trail taken by miners in search of
_____________in California due to the California Gold Rush of
1849 ( __________________of people to California).

4. 4
Texas Independence
• Stephen Austin – brought a group of settlers to settle
___________.
• General Antonio Santa Anna – _______________general who
became dictator and did away with Mexican ______________and
tightened his control of U.S. _______________in Texas.
• Sam Houston – Leader of __________to gain back
_______________over Santa Anna.
• The Alamo – Spanish ___________where Santa Anna’s troops fought
Sam Houston’s men ____________all of them.
• Battle of San Jacinto – Battle where Texans ____________Santa
Anna and took him___________. In exchange for his freedom he
would recognize the ____________of Texas.
• Texans applied to be ____________(added) to the United States.
The Mexican –American War
•Manifest Destiny – The belief that it was __________will for the
United States to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.
• New Mexico – the area between Texas and ___________that
President Polk wanted to________.
CHUNK # 4 Turn to page 54. Read the first paragraph under The Mexican-
American War and answer the following questions.
What event caused Polk to ask Congress to declare war on Mexico.
Do you think the event was premeditated? If so, why?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
• Mexican-American War – Mexican president refused to meet to talk
about _________New Mexico. Polk __________General Zachary
Taylor to move his troops into the ___________territory. Mexican
troops crossed Rio __________River and attacked Taylor’s forces.
Congress __________war. U.S. marched into __________City and
the Mexicans___________.
• Mexico gave up ½ its land and sold the territories of
___________and New Mexico to the U.S. This fulfilled the
country’s ____________Destiny.

5. 5
Literature in the United States
• Noah Webster – produced the first American___________.
• Ralph Waldo Emerson – essayist and poet known for his eloquent
speech and ___________language and a leader in the
_______________movement. This movement believed
• ________could be found beyond the physical world and that all
humans share in the spiritual ________of creation.
• Henry David Thoreau – writer and __________who wrote Walden
and “Civil Disobedience”.
• Walt Whitman – poet who emphasized the great worth of
each____________.
• Nathaniel Hawthorne – novelist who wrote about sin, __________and
atonement. The __________Letter and The House of
Seven________.
• Washington Irving – First American writer to gain
international__________. Wrote short stories “Rip Van Winkle” and
“The Legend of ___________Hollow”
• Edgar Allen Poe – master of the _________story. Famous for his
mysterious and __________tales such as “The Tell-Tale Heart and
the poem “The__________”.
• James Fenimore Cooper – novelist who became known as the first
great _________writer. Wrote The Last of the__________.
• Emily Dickinson – one of the most influential poets of the U.S. Wrote
about________, death and____________.
• Herman Melville – based his novels on his experiences in the
U.S.__________. Wrote ________Dick.
• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow – used __________styles and themes
in his writings. Wrote “Paul ____________Ride”.
Social Reform Movements
• Horace Mann – advocated the ___________of both men and women
through ___________funding.
• Dorothea Dix – improvement of _________institutions and_______.
• Temperance Movement – movement to _______the use of________.
• Abolition Movement – movement to abolish (put an end to)_______.
• Harriet Tubman – hero of the ________movement who helped
hundreds of slaves to escape through the __________Railroad (a

6. network of _________who helped slaves escape to the north
and___________).
6
• Frederick Douglas – former ________who was very well spoken.
Became the most prominent African American ________for abolition.
• Harriet Beecher Stowe – helped the ________cause with the
publishing of her book ________Tom’s Cabin ( a fictional account of
the _________of slavery.).
• Sojourner Truth –_________former slave who was very eloquent and
charismatic ________for abolition.
• William Lloyd Garrison - _________abolitionist who was the founder
of the anti-slavery newspaper The_________.
• Women’s Rights Movement – movement to give __________the same
rights as men. Started by Elizabeth Cady Stanton (organized the
first women's ________convention) and Susan B. Anthony
(supported the_________, abolition and women’s rights movements).
• Seneca Falls Convention – meeting for women’s rights where
“__________of Sentiments and ____________” was written.
Believed men and _________were created equal.
• Suffragettes – women who ___________the right to vote.
• 19th amendment – gave women the right to__________.