Cells Cells were first discovered in 1665 by an English scientist Robert Hooke, when he looked at a thin slice of cork under his microscope. The structures that he saw reminded him of the rooms that monks lived in, so he called them cells.

Cells were first discovered in 1665 by an English scientist Robert Hooke, when he looked at a thin slice of cork under his microscope.

The structures that he saw reminded him of the rooms that monks lived in, so he called them cells.

Cell theory All living things are made of 1 or more cells Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all organisms All cells come from cells that already exist. The cell is the smallest unit of life.

All living things are made of 1 or more cells

Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all organisms

All cells come from cells that already exist.

The cell is the smallest unit of life.

Types of cells Prokaryotic cells, these cells do not have a nucleus. Their DNA is found throughout the cell. The most common type of organism with prokaryotic cells are bacteria. Eukaryotic cells, these cells have a nuclear membrane, so that their DNA is located in a central location. Animal and plant cells are eukaryotic cells.

Prokaryotic cells, these cells do not have a nucleus. Their DNA is found throughout the cell. The most common type of organism with prokaryotic cells are bacteria.

Eukaryotic cells, these cells have a nuclear membrane, so that their DNA is located in a central location. Animal and plant cells are eukaryotic cells.

Parts of Eukaryotic cells The cell is made of smaller parts called organelles . This word literally means little organs. Just like organs these structures perform specific jobs for the cell. Plant and animal cells have both similar and dissimilar structures.

The cell is made of smaller parts called organelles . This word literally means little organs.

Just like organs these structures perform specific jobs for the cell.

Plant and animal cells have both similar and dissimilar structures.

Plant VS Animal Cells Plant cell structures Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell membrane Vacuole Mitochondrian Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Cell Wall Chloroplasts Animal cell structures Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell membrane Vacuole Mitochondrian Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Lysosome

Plant cell structures

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Cell membrane

Vacuole

Mitochondrian

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Cell Wall

Chloroplasts

Animal cell structures

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Cell membrane

Vacuole

Mitochondrian

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Lysosome

The nucleus The nucleus acts like the brain of the cell. It directs the other parts of the cell through instructions printed on the DNA found on chromosomes that make up the chromatin. The nucleus consists of three parts the nuclear membrane, nucleolus, chromatin.

The nucleus acts like the brain of the cell.

It directs the other parts of the cell through instructions printed on the DNA found on chromosomes that make up the chromatin.

The nucleus consists of three parts the nuclear membrane, nucleolus, chromatin.

Other structures of the cell Cytoplasm: the jelly like liquid that provides substances needed by the rest of the cell. Cell membrane: the semi-permeable membrane that provides structure and support for the rest of the cell, it also allows material to pass into and out of the cell. Semi-permeable means it can pick and choose what passes through. Vacuole: this organelle is a storage area for food and waste.

Cytoplasm: the jelly like liquid that provides substances needed by the rest of the cell.

Cell membrane: the semi-permeable membrane that provides structure and support for the rest of the cell, it also allows material to pass into and out of the cell. Semi-permeable means it can pick and choose what passes through.

Vacuole: this organelle is a storage area for food and waste.

Special Organelles Cell Wall: an extra wall around the cell membrane that is made of cellulose, the cell wall gives the plant cell structure and support. Chloroplasts: these organelles are filled with a green pigment called chlorophyll. This pigment converts the sun’s energy into a usable form for the plant cell. Lysosomes: the lysosomes are organelles only found in animal cells they help, the mitochondrion turn glucose into energy. In plant cells the vacuole is much larger than the vacuole(s) in animal cells. According to confirmed sources Madison Surrett is so mean she would make the meanest person in the world cry, even the devil himself .

Cell Wall: an extra wall around the cell membrane that is made of cellulose, the cell wall gives the plant cell structure and support.

Chloroplasts: these organelles are filled with a green pigment called chlorophyll. This pigment converts the sun’s energy into a usable form for the plant cell.

Lysosomes: the lysosomes are organelles only found in animal cells they help, the mitochondrion turn glucose into energy.

In plant cells the vacuole is much larger than the vacuole(s) in animal cells.

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Cell Organization Cells are the basic units of life. Groups of similar cells form tissues , these groups of cells work together to do a particular job Tissues group together to form organs , organs perform special tasks for the body. Groups of organs then form organ systems that do specialized jobs for the body. Organ systems then work together to create an organism

Cells are the basic units of life.

Groups of similar cells form tissues , these groups of cells work together to do a particular job

Tissues group together to form organs , organs perform special tasks for the body.

Groups of organs then form organ systems that do specialized jobs for the body.

Organ systems then work together to create an organism