PowerDesigner 全面数据建模
俞兆安
Sybase软件（中国）有限公司 上海研发中心
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为什么要建模？
WOULD YOU BUILD A HOUSE WITHOUT A BLUEPRINT?
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为什么要建模？
• 模型能准确地表达设计意图，更易于进行技术交流
• 模型可以用来高效地生成代码、脚本、技术文档，可以
做到“一处改动，多处同步”的效果
• 模型驱动的开发能使开发过程保持一致性，提高开发人
员的效率，而且能确保我们的设计模型能被准确的实现
而不产生歪曲
• 模型驱动的开发更能快速的应对需求的变动
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内容
 PowerDesigner 数据建模概况
 概念数据模型介绍
 逻辑数据模型介绍
 物理数据模型介绍
 信息流模型介绍
 演示
Q&A
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PowerDesigner 数据建模概况
#1 data modeling tool
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PowerDesigner数据建模
概念数据模型
逻辑数据模型 信息流模型
Replication
物理数据模型 Definition,
ETL, EII
DDL << ODBC >>
<< JDBC >>
…
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多层次的数据设计
Requirements, Process Models
 Input - Achieve alignment between business and IT
Conceptual Data Models
 Context and concepts, independent of technical consideration
Logical Data Models
 Takes architecture into account (Relational, OO, XML, etc.)
Physical Data Models
 Takes Platform into account (Sybase, Oracle, MySQL, etc.)
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概念数据模型 (CDM)
The Business Architect’ View
s
 No regard to storage architecture or technology
Map Concepts and Relationships Between Them
Establish Standards
 Business naming standards
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概念数据模型 (CDM)
Support business rules, domains, shared data
items, inheritances and relationships.
A CDM can generate LDMs/PDMs/OOMs.
Notations : Entity/Relationship, Merise, E/R+Merise,
IDEF1X, Barker
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Barker Notation
 Facilitate customer migration from
Oracle/Designer
 Use Composite structure to define subtypes
 Provide an option to switch from/to Barker
Notation
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Barker Notation
CDM # ID Long integer
Party
(Barker) Organisation
* Organisation Name Characters (64)
r o Organisation Description Text
Order Person
# Order Id Long integer * Person Name Characters (64)
o Initials Characters (5)
r2
Item
Line Item # Item ID Long integer
# Item Line Integer r3
Product Item
* Product Name Characters (128)
Service Item
Service Type
r4 * Srvice Name Characters (128)
# Service T ype ID Long integer
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Content of a CDM
Entities –An entity represents an object about which you want to store
information
 Example: product, customer, sale
Attribute – a piece of information tracked for each entity.
 Example: Customer –name, address, phone
Relationships
 Binary Relationships (1:M, M:M, 1:1)
 Supertype/Subtype Relationships
Business Rules
 Terms, Facts, Derivations, Constraints, more…
 For example, "The start date should be inferior to the end date
of a project."
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Entities and Attributes in CDM
Entities collect a series of Attributes
Attributes are assigned Data Items
Data Items are Unique Cells of Data Definitions
 Glossary of Business Terms
 Achieve Consistency of Definition at Business Level
Data Items are:
 Name, Description
 Data Type, Domain
Attributes can be Primary Identifiers
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数据类型和域
Data Type Specifies the form of the data
corresponding to the domain, such as Numeric,
Date, Boolean, or others.
Domains help you identify the types of information
in your model. They define the set of values for
which a column/entity attribute is valid.
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逻辑数据模型（LDM)
A logical data model (LDM) helps you analyze the
structure of an information system, independent of
any specific physical database implementation.
An LDM is less abstract than a conceptual data
model (CDM), but does not allow you to model
views, indexes and other elements that are
available in the more concrete physical data model
(PDM).
Notations : Entity/Relationship, IDEF1X, Barker
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逻辑数据模型 (LDM)
The Designer’ View –Scoped to Technology
s
 Relational, XML, OORDBMS
Reflection of Business Requirements
 Validates technical Interpretation of Business Requirements
 Basis for Physical Implementation
Based on CDM –Generation to/from CDM models
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Content of an LDM
Logical Entities
Complete Attribute Sets (fully attributed)
 Everything needed to manage storage and integrity of data
Attributes Wholly Owned by Entities (no Data Items)
Logical Relationships
 Must resolve Many to Many (too much ambiguity)
Primary Identifiers and Foreign Keys
 Key Migration and Joins Defined
Normalized
 No redundant data, focus on form not RDBMS performance
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物理数据模型 (PDM)
Database Builder’ View –RDBMS Platform Specific
s
Denormalized for RDBMS efficiency
 Storage I/O capabilities
 RDBMS-specific capabilities
Redundant Data May be Used to Improve Performance
Derived from the LDM or directly from a CDM
 Bi-directional synchronization from CDM:LDM to PDM
Notations: Conceptual, IDEF 1/x Notations, Codasyl
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Content of a PDM
Tables, Columns
Keys (PK, AK, FK)
Indexes and Constraints
Triggers and Procedures
Domains and Data Types
Storage Details
 Tablespaces, Segments, Partitions, etc…
Security Details
 Users, Groups, Rights, Permissions
Everything RDBMS
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物理数据模型 (PDM)
Supports denormalization (split table by rows or by
columns, merge tables, copy columns) for
optimizing speed
Generate and reverse engineer all major databases
Synchronize database with PDM
Estimate database size
Test data generation
View data
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物理数据模型 (PDM)
Data warehouse modeling
 Star schema, snowflake schema
 Multi-dimension diagram
 Generate Cubes for SQL Server
 Generate Oracle Cubes (11.0)
 ……
Import/export many formats using Meta Integration
Model Bridge
Import Erwin models
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信息生命周期管理
Information lifecycle modeling allows you to model
the movement of data from expensive, rapid storage,
through various forms of cheaper slower storage as
the data ages and access requirements diminish.
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信息生命周期管理建模
PowerDesigner provides a simple modeling
structure to cost effectively manage “aging”of
data inside the data center
PowerDesigner help generate scripts to automate
the creation, movement, and purging of partitions
across your lifecycle phases.
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信息流模型（ILM）
PowerDesigner Information Liquidity Model (ILM) is
a graphical modeling environment focused on data
movement and data transformation.
You can analyze and document where your data
originates, where it moves to, and how it is
transformed on the way, including replications and
ETL.
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信息流模型（lLM）
 Model ETL and EII data transformations and
Replications.
 Generate and reverse engineer Replication
Server/MobiLink.
 Generate automatic PowerDesigner reports to
document your model.
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Diagrams of ILM Model
 Information liquidity diagram
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Diagrams of ILM Model
 Data transformation diagram
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Diagrams of ILM Model
 Transformation control flow diagram
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Metadata Repository and Impact
/Lineage Analysis
The metadata repository can store and manage
versions for all the metadata
 Source database schema, target database schema,
replication, synchronization, data warehouse and data mart
design, …
Impact Analysis –to analyze the effect of the action
on the objects that depend on the initial object.
Lineage Analysis –to identify the objects that
influence the initial object.
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演示
DEMO
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结论
使用PowerDesigner和模型驱动的方法可以大大加速开
发进度，缩短开发时间,提高生产率，降低错误，提高
软件质量.
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Q&A
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