7. Rock Classification
Composition-the minerals a rock is
made of.
Texture-determined by the sizes,
shapes, and positions of the grains
of which it is made.
8. Igneous Rock
Igneous comes from the Latin word
for “fire”.
It is made by Temperature,
Pressure, and Composition.
9. Intrusive Igneous Rock
When magma cools beneath the
Earth’s surface. It has a coarse-
grained texture.
11. Sedimentary Rock
Wind, water, ice, sunlight, and
gravity all cause rock to weather
into fragments.
Erosion is the process when rocks
fragments are moved.
12. Layers of sediment become compressed
and cemented over time.
Dissolved minerals separate out of the
water and form a natural glue that will
bind the sediments together.
Sedimentary rocks are formed near the
Earth’s surface, with little heat and
pressure.
13. Categories of Sedimentary
Rocks
Clastic-whenrock or mineral
fragments, called clasts, stick
together.
14. Chemical-forms when minerals
crystallize out of a solution (sea
water) and become rock.
16. Metamorphic Rock
Rockthat forms when the texture
and composition of pre-existing
rock changes due to heat and
pressure.
17. Origins of Metamorphic Rock
The texture can change when the
surroundings change.
Most change by pressure that
occurs at depths greater than 2 km
(about 6000 ft.)
The temperature range is 50 C to
1000 C (122 to 1832 F)
18. Metamorphism-when the rock
Contact
comes in contact with magma.
Metamorphism-when a lot of
Regional
pressure builds up in rocks buried in
the Earth or when large pieces of
the Earth’s crust collide with each
other.
19. Textures of Metamorphic
Rock
Foliated
Metamorphic Rock-contains
mineral grains that are aligned by
pressure.
