Institutio Communicationis Borislav Gueorguiev South-East European Center for Semiotic Studies, New Bulgarian University

Contents What is communication ? What is institution ? What does it mean anthropological approach ?

What is communication ?

What is institution ?

What does it mean anthropological approach ?

Models of Communication Model of Ferdinand de Saussure

Model of Ferdinand de Saussure

Models of Communication Model of Karl B ü hler

Model of Karl B ü hler

Models of Communication Model of Roman Jakobson

Model of Roman Jakobson

Models of Communication Aristotle model of communication

Aristotle model of communication

Communication Definition Établissement de relations codées entre un locuteur et un récepteur, à condition que le récepteur puisse devenir à son tour locuteur. ( B.Toussaint, Qu’est-ce que la Sémiologie ?, Privat, 1978 ) .

Definition

Établissement de relations codées entre un locuteur et un récepteur, à condition que le récepteur puisse devenir à son tour locuteur.

( B.Toussaint, Qu’est-ce que la Sémiologie ?, Privat, 1978 ) .

Communication sciences Établissement de relations codées entre un locuteur et un récepteur , à condition que le récepteur puisse devenir à son tour locuteur . Linguistics (and Semiotic) Psychology Anthropology

Établissement de relations codées entre un locuteur et un récepteur , à condition que le récepteur puisse devenir à son tour locuteur .

Linguistics (and Semiotic)

Psychology

Anthropology

Institution Bronislaw Kasper Malinowski Keywords describing one institution : Law People Norms Tools Activities Functions

Keywords describing one institution :

Law

People

Norms

Tools

Activities

Functions

Anthropological approach Anthropology deals with a human, embed in communities and in the society. Anthropology studies the common (unwritten) laws for co-existence in the community and society, i.e. the common laws of the institution .

Anthropology deals with a human, embed in communities and in the society.

Anthropology studies the common (unwritten) laws for co-existence in the community and society, i.e. the common laws of the institution .

Is the communication an institution? Arrangement by Malinowski : Law People Norms Tools Activities Functions Arrangements of proofs: People Tools Activities Functions Norms Law

Arrangement by Malinowski :

Law

People

Norms

Tools

Activities

Functions

Arrangements of proofs:

People

Tools

Activities

Functions

Norms

Law

Tools Sign systems, based on seven strategic types of communication

Sign systems, based on seven strategic types of communication

Strategic types of communication for humans Touch : hot/cold; soft/hard; Smell : pleasant/unpleasant; soft/hard; Taste : raw (le cru)/cooked (le cuit) – Claude Lévi -Strauss ; pleasant/unpleasant; soft/hard; Hearing : loud/quiet; articulate/non-articulate Sight : clear/cloudy; articulate/non-articulate Oral : loud/quiet; articulate/non-articulate; instantaneousness/continuity Written : clear/cloudy; articulate/non-articulate; instantaneousness/continuity

Touch : hot/cold; soft/hard;

Smell : pleasant/unpleasant; soft/hard;

Taste : raw (le cru)/cooked (le cuit) – Claude Lévi -Strauss ; pleasant/unpleasant; soft/hard;

Hearing : loud/quiet; articulate/non-articulate

Sight : clear/cloudy; articulate/non-articulate

Oral : loud/quiet; articulate/non-articulate; instantaneousness/continuity

Written : clear/cloudy; articulate/non-articulate; instantaneousness/continuity

Activities Any possible speech act and/or communicative act , which can be performed , and which is performed in different manner in different cultures .

Any possible speech act and/or communicative act , which can be performed , and which is performed in different manner in different cultures .

Strategic functions Socialization through exchange. Pleasure. Curing.

Socialization through exchange.

Pleasure.

Curing.

Socialization The language is the tool, which transforms our personal experience in external and social. Berthrand Russel

The language is the tool, which transforms our personal experience in external and social.

Berthrand Russel

What do we exchange ? Claude Lévi-Strauss Women (or conjugal partners). Goods & services . Ideas (i.e. information)

Claude Lévi-Strauss

Women (or conjugal partners).

Goods & services .

Ideas (i.e. information)

Norms Human beings do not live in the objective world alone , nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society . It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the 'real world' is to a large extent unconsciously built upon the language habits of the group . No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same world with different labels attached... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation. Edward Sapir

Human beings do not live in the objective world alone , nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society . It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the 'real world' is to a large extent unconsciously built upon the language habits of the group . No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same world with different labels attached... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation.

Edward Sapir

Law The common (unwritten) laws of communication from semiotic point of view are equivalent to the pragmatic principles of communication.

The common (unwritten) laws of communication from semiotic point of view are equivalent to the pragmatic principles of communication.

Pragmatic Principles The Principle of power (The Principle of commitativity); Co-Operative principle; Politeness principle; Irony principle; Other principles;

The Principle of power (The Principle of commitativity);

Co-Operative principle;

Politeness principle;

Irony principle;

Other principles;