Produsing Democracy Axel Bruns [email_address] KCB202

The Political Industry Status quo – politics as industry: marketing of politicians and policies mass appeal – lowest common denominator poll-driven policymaking and media spin campaigns re-branding of old-fashioned parties (“New Labour”) focus on party leaders as celebrities emergence of single-issue parties: niche marketing But also beginning embrace of / lip-service to greater citizen involvement… politicians  journalists  citizens

Status quo – politics as industry:

marketing of politicians and policies

mass appeal – lowest common denominator

poll-driven policymaking and media spin campaigns

re-branding of old-fashioned parties (“New Labour”)

focus on party leaders as celebrities

emergence of single-issue parties: niche marketing

But also beginning embrace of / lip-service to greater citizen involvement…

Produsage and Politics New paradigms: produsage is becoming increasingly widespread, in various contexts New generation: ‘ digital natives’ Trendwatching.com : ‘Generation C’ Content Creation, Creativity, Casual Collapse, Control, Celebrity Internet / Web, not print or broadcasting, as central medium New society: industrial  informational  networked  produsage society? move from users to produsers, from production to produsage of content? move of citizens from consumers to produsers of democracy?

New paradigms:

produsage is becoming increasingly widespread, in various contexts

New generation:

‘ digital natives’

Trendwatching.com : ‘Generation C’

Content Creation, Creativity, Casual Collapse, Control, Celebrity

Internet / Web, not print or broadcasting, as central medium

New society:

industrial  informational  networked  produsage society?

move from users to produsers, from production to produsage of content?

move of citizens from consumers to produsers of democracy?

Examples Online communities around parties and politicians: Kevin Rudd on Facebook David Cameron’s blog ‘ Webcameron ’ Barack Obama’s online community Online movements and action groups: Make Poverty History MoveOn (US) GetUp (Australia) Online participation in policymaking: Canadian Greens’ policy wiki New Zealand Police Act review wiki

Online communities around parties and politicians:

Kevin Rudd on Facebook

David Cameron’s blog ‘ Webcameron ’

Barack Obama’s online community

Online movements and action groups:

Make Poverty History

MoveOn (US)

GetUp (Australia)

Online participation in policymaking:

Canadian Greens’ policy wiki

New Zealand Police Act review wiki

What If…? Produsage of politics: Community-Based – political produsage proceeds from the assumption that the community of informed citizens as a whole, if sufficiently large and varied, can contribute more than a closed team of politicians and policymakers, however qualified they may be. Fluid Roles – citizens participate in political deliberations and policymaking processes as is appropriate to their personal skills, interests, and knowledges, and may form loose sub-groups to focus on specific issues, topics, or problems; this changes as the produsage project proceeds. Unfinished Artefacts – political positions and policies as artefacts of the political produsage project are continually under development, and therefore always unfinished; their development follows evolutionary, iterative, palimpsestic paths. Common Property, Individual Merit – contributors permit community use, adaptation, and further development of their political and policy ideas, and are rewarded by the status capital they gain through this process.

Produsage of politics:

Community-Based – political produsage proceeds from the assumption that the community of informed citizens as a whole, if sufficiently large and varied, can contribute more than a closed team of politicians and policymakers, however qualified they may be.

Fluid Roles – citizens participate in political deliberations and policymaking processes as is appropriate to their personal skills, interests, and knowledges, and may form loose sub-groups to focus on specific issues, topics, or problems; this changes as the produsage project proceeds.

Unfinished Artefacts – political positions and policies as artefacts of the political produsage project are continually under development, and therefore always unfinished; their development follows evolutionary, iterative, palimpsestic paths.

Common Property, Individual Merit – contributors permit community use, adaptation, and further development of their political and policy ideas, and are rewarded by the status capital they gain through this process.

Produsage Politics Pierre L é vy: we can’t reinvent the instruments of communication and collective thought without reinventing democracy, a distributed, active, molecular democracy (1997) Michel Bauwens: a third mode of governance, one based on civil society rather than on representational democracy; in other words, non-representational democracy (2006) Translated from other fields of produsage: move of politicians from policymaker to policy implementer (cf. journalists’ move from gatekeeper to gatewatcher) leaders emerge from within produsage communities (cf. open source’s project leaders) deterritorialisation from parties to issue groups (cf. distribution of labour in Wikipedia , open source) break-up of unified ideological blocs, but also need for effective consensus/compromise-building mechanisms (cf. NPOV policies and procedures in Wikipedia ) casual collapse and/or reshaping of traditional industrial paradigms, but also strong backlash from establishment (cf. music / movie / journalism / software industries)

Pierre L é vy:

we can’t reinvent the instruments of communication and collective thought without reinventing democracy, a distributed, active, molecular democracy (1997)

Michel Bauwens:

a third mode of governance, one based on civil society rather than on representational democracy; in other words, non-representational democracy (2006)

Translated from other fields of produsage:

move of politicians from policymaker to policy implementer (cf. journalists’ move from gatekeeper to gatewatcher)

leaders emerge from within produsage communities (cf. open source’s project leaders)

deterritorialisation from parties to issue groups (cf. distribution of labour in Wikipedia , open source)

break-up of unified ideological blocs, but also need for effective consensus/compromise-building mechanisms (cf. NPOV policies and procedures in Wikipedia )

casual collapse and/or reshaping of traditional industrial paradigms, but also strong backlash from establishment (cf. music / movie / journalism / software industries)