Stomatologija

Šira definicija estetike koristi se za sve što čovjek doživljava kao lijepo u umjetnosti i prirodi. Sklad i
harmonija stomatognatog sustava, građenog iz tvrdog i mekog tkiva podliježu estetskim kriterijima i
prosudbama. Estetika usta i zubi privlači pažnju, jer su to sastavnice lica i glave koje estetski
najupečatljivije karakteriziraju svaku osobu. Prirodni ili umjetni zubi tek kada su poredani u gornjem i u
donjem zubnom nizu uspostavljaju s okolnim tkivnim strukturama određen estetski odnos. Uz položaj,
važni su oblik, veličina i boja zuba. Estetika je vrlo važna u stomatologiji, a svakodnevnim radom
stomatolog, posebice protetičar mora ostvariti te zahtjeve tijekom terapijskog postupka. Početno
estetsko stanje pri prvom pregledu važno je za daljnja planiranja i postupanja. Estetski zahtjevi terapije
modi de se ostvariti ako se obavi analiza estetike početnog stanja i uzmu u obzir želje pacijenata, ovisno
o mogudnosti struke. Želi se istražiti kako kombinacije kovina i odgovarajudih estetskih materijala, te
odabir različitih pripoja doprinose estetici protetskog rada. Cilj je evaluacija odnosa svih estetskih
čimbenika, kako bioloških tako i restaurativnih (materijali i postupci). Namjerava se istražiti i utvrditi
estetska kombinacija činitelja za svakog pacijenta, a primjenom slučajnog uzorka i multifaktorske analize
želi se odrediti značajnost svakog pojedinačnog estetskog činitelja. Preferencije prema upotrebi različitih
estetskih materijala razlikuju se, ne samo među terapeutima, ved i između pacijenta i terapeuta.
Pacijentova prava u suvremenom društvu naglašavaju njegovu ulogu prilikom odlučivanja o izboru
estetskog materijala ako postoji više profesionalno ispravnih opcija, što zahtjeva opsežno istraživanje.
Također je potrebno utvrditi pacijentov stav o bitnim elementima prilikom terapije i usporediti važnost
estetike prema činiteljima kao što su trajnost rada, neškodljivost, retencija, žvačna efikasnost, udobnost
, itd., te rangirati važnost svakog faktora za uspjeh terapije. Očekivani rezultati pomodi de uvođenju
novih estetskih dijagnostičkih i terapijskih postupaka u kliničku praksu. Riješit de se problemi
pozicioniranja implantata kao prethodnice kasnije protetske terapije koja mora rezultirati i estetskim
uspjehom. Važnost istraživanja najviše de se očitovati u rezultatima: vedoj estetskoj uspješnosti
stomatoloških i protetskih radova u miljeu usne šupljine te de se povedati zadovoljstvo i liječnika i
pacijenata.
Zaštitna snaga propolisa
Autor:
Petra Galović, dipl. ing. biotehnologije
VAŠE ZDRAVLJE objavljeno u broju 66 (06/09)
Zbog širokog spektra aktivnosti propolisa, istraživanja upućuju na moguću upotrebu u
liječenju i složenih bolesti
Propolis je smolasta supstancija koju pčele radilice sakupljaju s pupoljaka, kore drveća i drugih
biljaka. Riječ propolis potječe od grčke riječi pro = pred i polis = grad, i znači pred gradom (ili
pred košnicom). Kako pčele u nekim slučajevima pomoću propolisa sužavaju ulaz u "svoj grad" i
tako sprječavaju ulaz nepoželjnim gostima, naziv propolis u potpunosti odgovara njegovoj
namjeni, odnosno upućuje na njegovu zaštitnu ulogu. Pčele sakupljenu smolastu supstanciju
prerađuju pomoću enzima iz sline i obogaćuju je djelatnim sastojcima peludi. Propolis
upotrebljavaju i kao gradivni materijal, ali prije svega za sterilizaciju stanica saća i kao

balzamirajući materijal u košnici. I u tom slučaju značenje propolisa temelji se na
antibakterijskom (protiv bakterija) i antifugalnom (protiv gljivica) djelovanju u zaštiti pčelinjih
zajednica od infekcija i bolesti.
Lijek od antičkih vremena
Propolis je kao lijek poznat još od antičkih vremena. Tako ga Aristotel spominje u svojoj "Priči
(govoru) životinja" i zaključuje da se može koristiti u liječenju ozljeda na koži, rana i infekcija.
Kako je pokazao odlične rezultate u zacjeljivanju rana, kroz povijest je zabilježena njegova
primjena u mnogim ratovima.
Prepoznat kao lijek 21. stoljeća, propolis se u svijetu sve više koristi kao jedan od prirodnih
pčelinjih proizvoda koristan za zdravlje ljudi.
Unatoč mnogim istraživanjima, još nije u potpunosti ispitan, odnosno njegov kemijski sastav
krije još mnogo tajni. Stoga je potrebno provesti standardizaciju sastavnica i kontrolu kvalitete
pripravaka koji se stavljaju u promet. Rizično je koristiti pripravke koji ne prolaze kontrolu
kvalitete.
Prema dostupnim podacima mnogih autora, propolis sadrži 50 do 55 posto smola, oko 30 posto
aromatičnih eteričnih ulja i oko 5 posto cvjetnog praha. Sadrži i bjelančevine, u manjim
količinama vitamine (7 vitamina - većim dijelom su to vitamini B skupine koji potječu od
cvjetnog praha), minerale (željezo, cink, bakar, mangan) i mikroelemente (natrij, kalij,
kalcij...).
Farmakološki najvažniji sastojci propolisa su flavonoidi (flavoni, flavonoli i flavanoni) te
različiti fenoli i aromati, koji su odgovorni za njegovu biološku aktivnost. Flavonoidi, koji
prevladavaju u propolisu, smatraju se netoksičnim za ljude i životinje.
Brojna istraživanja jasno upućuju na moguću upotrebu propolisa i njegovih sastavnica u liječenju
složenih bolesti uvjetovanih stresnim i toksičnim čimbenicima okoliša, koji oslabljuju
imunološki sustav ljudi i životinja te ih čine podložnijima mnogim infektivnim bolestima, kao i
tumorima.
Istraživanja upućuju da propolis posjeduje širok spektar aktivnosti: antibakterijsku,
antivirusnu, antifugalnu, protuupalnu, antioksidativnu, anestetičku, karcinostatsku i
imunostimulatornu. Zabilježeno je da inhibira rast protozoa, ubrzava osteogenetske procese,
stimulira neke enzimske aktivnosti i posjeduje regenerativni učinak na tkiva. Ukratko, možemo
reći da od svih apiterapeutika propolis ima najširi spektar djelovanja!
Propolis na koži
Snažno protuupalno djelovanje propolisa izraženo je kod akutnih i kroničnih upala, no
zanimljivo je da djeluje i na upale koje nisu izazvane infekcijama (opekline od sunca, vatre,
zračenja i kemijskih tvari). Propolis ubrzava zacjeljivanje rana i opeklina na koži, što se pripisuje
udruženom antibakterijskom, protuupalnom i regeneracijskom (obnavlja oštećeno tkivo)
djelovanju.
Rezultati eksperimentalne usporedbe učinka liječenja rana antibiotikom i propolisom pokazali su
da su rane obrađivane propolisom zarasle 30 posto brže u odnosu na one obrađivane
antibiotikom. U liječenju gnojnih rana propolisom ona se počinje čistiti uz rubove, što je rezultat

liječenja u tzv. prvoj fazi. Druga faza je učinak ubrzane epitelizacije, to jest vrlo brzo stvara se
površina nove kože koja se širi po cijeloj rani. Smatra se da propolis čak za dvjesto puta
povećava regenerativne aktivnosti kože.
Izrazito povoljan utjecaj pokazuje i kod bolesti kože i vlasišta (neurodermitis, alopecija,
psorijaza, epidermofitoza), što se pripisuje njegovu protugljivičnom djelovanju. Štiti od pojave
karcinoma kože.
Najvažniji učinci propolisa na koži su:
stimulacija regeneracije epidermisa (epitelizacija)
antibakterijsko i protuupalno djelovanje
umirujuće djelovanje (smirivanje crvenila)
jačanje strukture kolagenih vlakana
- antioksidativna svojstva (flavonoidi u propolisu vežu slobodne radikale)
- zaštita lipidne barijere kože
- normalizacija pH vrijednosti kože
Propolis na sluznici
Uz imunomodulatorno (jačanje imunološkog sustava) djelovanje, najpoznatija i najčešće
primjenjivana aktivnost propolisa na ljudsko zdravlje je ublažavanje upalnih procesa sluznice
usne šupljine i desni. Propolis je po svom sastavu prirodni antibiotik, pa preventivno djeluje kod
upale grla i ždrijela. Osim što ima antibakterijski i antivirusni učinak, djeluje sinergistički s
nekim antibioticima, pojačavajući njihov bakteriostatski učinak i do 100 puta. Sinergističko
jačanje antibiotskog učinka u kombinaciji s propolisom, čak i u slučajevima kad antibiotici sami
ne djeluju, upućuje na obećavajuću ulogu propolisa u terapiji protiv virusa i bakterija. Tim više
što nije toksičan, ne izaziva razvoj otpornosti i ne oštećuje normalnu crijevnu floru.
Upotrebljava se u stomatologiji za jačanje zubnog mesa i kao sredstvo u liječenju paradontoze.
Uz to, sprječava stvaranje zubnog plaka i karijesa, zaustavlja razmnožavanje bakterija u usnoj
šupljini i pomaže u održavanju higijene usne šupljine. Nadalje, smanjuje bolnu osjetljivost zubi i
zubnog mesa jer ima potpuni lokalni anestetički učinak kao lidokain. Djelovanje protiv bolova
pokazuje ne samo kad se primjenjuje lokalno nego i kad se unosi u organizam. Povećava
čvrstoću zubne cakline, smiruje akutnu i kroničnu upalu desni i liječi afte. U tim slučajevima
najčešće se primjenjuje tinktura propolisa, odnosno alkoholna i bezalkoholna otopina propolisa.
Svi navedeni učinci propolisa i posljedična blagotvorna djelovanja na koži i sluznicama samo
potvrđuju njegovu nezaobilaznu ulogu kao pomoćnoga ljekovitog sredstva u tretiranju brojnih
poremećaja i stanja.

http://sydney.edu.au/dentistry/research/The
University of Sydney - Faculty of Dentistry
Enter search t Go
Biomaterials Research Unit
This Research Unit is located at Sydney Dental Hospital and is involved in studies of Dental
Restorative Materials, Biomaterials and Biomechanics as well as normal and diseased teeth. As
caries still affect the majority of the population these materials and their properties are of critical
importance for effective dental restorative treatment.
The research unit has a number of major focuses which include the following:
Quantifying the spatial dependence of the micro-mechanical properties of teeth and the role of
remnant proteins and peptides on their properties. This work also extends to hypoplastic
enamel.
Evaluating the influence of caries on the micromechanical properties of enamel and dentine.
This also includes quantifying mineral densities through natural and caries lesions plus exploring
options for remineralisation of carious teeth.
Investigating the residual stresses associated with curing of composite resins and associated
marginal failure.
Advanced dental ceramics for restorative applications.
Bone remodeling associated with dental restorative treatments including implants (with
Engineering University of Sydney).
Characterisation of adhesion of dental materials.
Recent publications include:
Calculation of contraction stresses in dental composites by analysis of crack propagation in the
matrix surrounding a cavity. Dental Materials 2009; 25: 543-550
Dental implant induced bone remodelling and associated algorithms. Journal of the mechanical
behaviour of biomedical materials, 2009; 2(5): 410-432
Determination of bound and unbound water in dental alginate irreversible hydrocolloid by
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Dental Materials, 2009; 25(4): 486-493
Determination of viscoelastic-plastic material parameters of biomaterials by instrumented
indentation. Journal of the Mechanical Behaviour of Biomedical Materials, 2009; 2: 318-325
Effect of microstructure upon elastic behaviour of human tooth enamel. Journal of
Biomechanics, 2009; 42(8): 1075-1080
In vitro demineralization of human enamel natural and abraded surfaces: A micromechanical
and SEM investigation. Journal of Dentistry, 2009; 37(4): 264-272
Unstable cracking (chipping) of veneering porcelain on all-ceramic dental crowns and fixed
partial dentures. Acta Biomaterialia, 2009; 5: 1668-1677
Wear behaviour of dental enamel at the nanoscale with a sharp and blunt indenter tip. Wear,
2009; 266(1-2): 60-68

Effect of low magnitude and high frequency mechanical stimuli on defects healing in cranial
bone. Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery 2008; 66: 1104-1111
On the design of dental resin-based composites: A micromechanical approach. Acta
Biomaterialia 2008; 4: 165-172
Key researchers in this area are:
Professor Mike SwainProfessor Mike Swain(mswain[at]usyd.edu.au) Head of Unit
B.Sc (Physics), PhD
Key Interests: Biomaterials; Teeth structure and properties; Caries; Mechanical properties;
Ceramics
Dr Ayman EllakwaDr Ayman Ellakwa(aellakwa[at]usyd.edu.au) BDS, MSc, PhD
Key Interests: The clinical application of FRC on restorative dentistry; The success rate of using
FRC with dental implant; The new ceramic systems especially cerec 3 system versus cercon
system; Bonding agents as new materials for direct pulp capping; Bleaching systems; Dental
implant systems
Jaw Function and Orofacial Pain Research Unit
This Research Unit is located at the Westmead Hospital Centre for Oral Health and is involved in
studies of Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) that are a painful, life-changing disorder
severely affecting 5% of the population. Onset for TMD is generally in early adult life, the
formation years for lifestyle stability. Symptoms vary in intensity from pain and clicking noises
with jaw movement to an inability to chew or speak without intense, continuing pain.
The research unit is modelling normal jaw function through refined recordings of muscle activity
and jaw movement in 3 dimensions as well as computer tomography and magnetic resonance
imaging for studying the detailed structure of the jaw muscles. The same methodologies are
being now applied to the study of jaw function in TMD patients to identify differences between
TMD patients. This unique methodology will allow an assessment of the effectiveness of various
commonly used treatments that have a variable success rate in the management of these
debilitating disorders. The information should lead to a reduction of the burden that TMD causes
on the health-care system.
Osseointegration and Dental Implants, Neurophysiologic Perspective on Rehabilitation with Oral
Implants and Their Potential Side Effects, Klineberg, I J, Svensson, P, Sessle, B 2009, Wiley-
Blackwell Publishing, Ames, Iowa, 333-344
Effects of experimental pain on jaw muscle activity during goal-directed jaw movements in
humans. Experimental Brain Research 2008; 189: 451-462
Effects of noxious stimulation of orofacial tissues on rat licking behaviour. Archives of Oral
Biology 2008; 53: 361-368
Experimental jaw-muscle pain has a differential effect on different jaw movement tasks. Journal
of Orofacial Pain 2008; 22 (1): 15-29

How does pain affect jaw muscle activity? The integrated pain adaptation model. Australian
Dental Journal 2008; 53 (3): 201-207
Noxious lingual stimulation influences the excitability of the face primary motor cerebral cortex
(face MI) in the rat. Journal of Neurophysiology 2008; 100: 1234-1244
Pain and motor reflexes. Orofacial Pain from Basic Science to Clinical Management, The Transfer
of Knowledge in Pain Research to Education (Eds) Sessle BJ, Lavigne G, Lund JP, Dubner R. Vol 1;
pp 109-116
Regional properties of the superior head of human lateral pterygoid muscle. European Journal
of oral Sciences 2008; 116: 518-524
Clinical implications of central neuroplasticity. Conference Proceedings: The Toronto
Osseointegration Conference Revisited: A Neurophysiologic Perspective on Rehabilitation with
Oral Implants and their Potential Side Effects; pp: 333-344
The bases of using a particular occlusal design in tooth and implant-bourne reconstructions and
complete dentures. Clinical Oral Implants Research 2007; 18(suppl 3): 151-167
Professor Iven KlinebergProfessor Iven Klineberg(ivenk[at]usyd.edu.au) Head of Unit
AM RFD, BSc MDS, PhD, FRACDS, FDSRCS
Key Interests: The clinical use of oral implants including bone augmentation and biomechanical
considerations; Occlusion and temporomandibular joint neurology – reflex contributions to jaw
muscle function and studies of jaw muscle electromyography and jaw kinematics.
Professor Greg MurrayProfessor Greg Murray(gregm[at]usyd.edu.au) PhD, BDS, MDS,
FRACDS
Key Interests: Normal jaw motor function; Effects of pain in jaw motor function; Central
representation of experimental and clinical orofacial pain.
A/Professor Chris PeckA/Professor Chris Peck(cpeck[at]usyd.edu.au) PhD, BDS, MScDent,
GradDipScMed(Pain)
Key Interests: Mechanisms underlying orofacial pain and effectiveness of management
strategies; Jaw structure function relationships and strategies to manage jaw dysfunction
Cellular Molecular Pathology Research Unit
This department is primarily located at the Westmead Hospital Centre for Oral Health. Research
work in cancer, wound healing, and cell biology is directed towards improving both the
understanding of basic pathological processes and the management of disease. The departmental
laboratories are very well equipped, allowing employment of a wide range of experimental
methodologies to these varying projects including: tissue culture; light, con-focal, and electron
microscopy; small and large animal experimentation; protein chemistry; molecular biology; and
cell biology. A wide collaborative network provides access to further resources and expertise
including mass spectrometry and micro-array technology.

Physiotherapeutic treatment improves oral opening in oral submucous fibrosis. Journal Of Oral
Pathology & Medicine, 2009; 38: 220-226
Negative Feedback for Endothelial Apoptosis: A Potential Physiological Role for Fibroblasts
Growth Factor. Journal of Vascular Research 2008; 45: 193-204
bones. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2008; 66: 1104-1111
Physiotherapeutic treatment improves oral opening in oral submucous fibrosis. Journal of Oral
Pathology and Medicine 2008; 38:220-226
The application of synchrotron radiation induced x-ray emission in the measurement of zinc and
lead in Wistar rat ameloblasts. Archives of Oral Biology 2007; 52: 938-944
The anti-apoptotic activity of albumin for endothelium is mediated by a partially cryptic protein
domain and reduced by inhibitors of G-coupled protein and PI-3 Kinase, but is independent of
radical scavenging or bound lipid. Journal of Vascular Research 2007; 44: 313-324
Resection of an orbital rim intraosseous cavernous haemangioma and reconstruction by chin
graft and resorbable fixation plate. Opthalmic Plastics and Reconstructive Surgery 2007; 23: 232-
234
Interferon-a and interferon-y sensitize human tenon fibroblasts to mitomycin-c. Investigative
Opthamology and Visual Science 2007; 18: 3655-3661
Human serum reduces mitomycin-C cytotoxicity in Human tenon's Fibroblasts. Investigative
Opthamology and Visual Science 2006; 47: 946-952
Marked differences in the structures and protein associations of lymphocyte and monocyte CD4:
Resolution of a novel CD4 isoform. Immunology and Cell Biology 2006; 84: 154-165
Key researchers is this area are:
A/Professor Hans ZoellnerA/Professor Hans Zoellner(hzoellne[at]usyd.edu.au) Head of
UnitPhD, BDS(Cl II Hons)
Key Interests: Experimental pathology; Vascular remodeling in health and disease
Dr Stephen CoxDr Stephen Cox(scox[at]usyd.edu.au) PhD, BDS, MSc (Oral Path), FRACDS,
FICD
Key Interests: Oral submucous fibrosis; Oral cancer
Discipline of Orthodontics
Research in the discipline in recent years has been multi-facetted. Efficient mechanics of tooth
movement are being examined to improve our understanding of the processes of tooth
movement. The effects of orthodontic therapy on biological tissues are being analysed to gain a
greater understanding of the physiological and pathological processes that occur in orthodontic
treatment. High-precision indentation and scanning methods have been developed to analyse the
spatial variation of the mechanical properties of teeth. This work has now been extended to relate
the change of physical and chemical as well as structural properties of cementum in different
areas of the root surface when different amounts of orthodontic forces are applied. Target genes
and receptors involved in the control of tooth movement and resorption are being studied. In the
area of the management of obstructive sleep apnoea using oral appliances the discipline is one of
the leading institutions. A series of studies has been undertaken on the effects of the mandibular

advancement splints on the management of obstructive sleep apnoea. The discipline is also active
in studies that have shown that magnetic and electromagnetic fields can accelerate bone repair as
well as soft tissue healing. The discipline is also improving appliance design and is analyzing the
effectiveness and efficacy of appliances. Clinical studies on newly designed mandibular growth
modification appliances are being trialed.
Mechanical responses to orthodontic loading: A 3-dimensional finite element multi-tooth
model. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2009; 135(2): 174-181
Effects of mechanical stimuli on adaptive remodeling of condylar cartilage. Journal of Dental
Research, 2009; 88(5): 466-470
Effects of steroidal and nonsteroidal drugs on tooth movement and root resorption in the rat
molar. Angle Orthodontist, 2009; 79(4): 715-726
Comparison of mandibular advancement splint and tongue stabilizing device in obstructive sleep
apnea: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep, 2009; 32(5): 648-653
bones. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2008; 66: 1104-1111
Esthetic evaluation of Asia-Chinese profiles from a white perspective. American Journal of
Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 2008; 133 (4): 532-538
Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the
rat molar. Angle Orthodontist 2008; 78 (3): 502-509
Influence of nasal resistance on oral applicants treatment outcome in obstructive sleep apnoea.
Sleep 2008; 31 (4): 543-547
Physical properties of rooth cementum: Part 10. Comparison of the effects of invisible
removable thermoplastic appliances with light and heavy orthodontic forces on premolar
cementum. A microcomputed-tomography study. American Journal of Orthodontics and
Dentofacial Orthopedics 2008; 133 (2): 218-227
Mandibular functional positioning only in vertical dimension contributes to condylar adaptation
evidenced by concomitant expressions of L-Sox 5 and type II collagen. Archives of Oral Biology
2008; 53: 567-574
Key Researcher is:
Professor Ali DarendelilerProfessor Ali Darendeliler(adarendel[at]usyd.edu.au) Head of Unit
BDS, PhD, MDSc (Ortho)
Key Interests: Tooth movement and Sleep apnoea
Population Oral Health and Clinical Epidemiology
Research in this area is wide-ranging with projects being undertaken in Private General Practice
and the Public Dental Service. In addition, research is focusing on improving oral health in rural
communities and assessing the impact of water fluoridation.
As part of the general practice project, greater emphasis is being placed on predicting risk to
dental caries and offering targeted prevention programs to reduce the need for clinical care.
Strong links have been established with other disciplines including the School of Public Health

and the Sax Institute.
Association of environmental cadmium exposure with periodontal disease in US adults.
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2009; 117(5): 739-744
Child Dental Health Survey 2007: a snapshot of the oral health status of primary school-aged
children in NSW. NSW Public Health Bulletin, 2009; 20(3-4): 40-45
An investigation of non-participation in health promotion interventions and its impact on
population level outcome. International Journal of Health Promotion and Education 2008; 46(3):
107-112
Association of environmental cadmium exposure with pediatric dental caries. Environmental
Health Perspectives 2008; 116(6): 821-825
Attitudes of the Victorian oral health workforce to the employment and scope of practice of
dental hygienists. Australian Dental Journal 2008; 53: 67-73
Caries risk reduction in patients attending a caries management clinic. Australian Dental Journal
2008; 53: 340-348
Dental therapists: a global perspective. International Dental Journal 2008; 58(2): 61-70
Drug use among secondary school children in Central Delta State, Nigeria. International Journal
of Health Promotion and Education 2008; 46(1): 33-34
English general dental practitioners views on the new contract: The problems of collecting
information in a time of change. Health Education Journal 2008; 67(3): 231-239
Psychological stress and health in undergraduate dental students: fifth year outcomes compared
with first year baseline results from five European dental schools. European Journal of Dental
Education 2008; 12(2): 61-68
The caries management system: an evidence-based preventive strategy for dental practitioners.
Application for adults. Australian Dental Journal 2008; 53: 83-92
The Monitor Practice Programme: is non-invasive management of dental caries in private
practice effective? Australian Dental Journal 2008; 53: 306-313
Professor Anthony BlinkhornProfessor Anthony Blinkhorn(ablinkhorn[at]usyd.edu.au) Head of
Unit
BDS, MSc, PhD, FDS, FFPHM
Key Interests: Epidemiology; Behavioural Science; Primary Caries Research
Professor Eli SchwarzProfessor Eli Schwarz(e.schwarz[at]usyd.edu.au) DDS, MPH, PhD,
FHKAM, FHKCDS
Key Inerest: Population Oral Health
A/Professor Wendell EvansA/Professor Wendell Evans(w.evans[at]dentistry.usyd.edu.au) BDS,
MDS, DDSc
Key Interests: Dental Caries; Dental Plyorosis; Health promotion
Dr Manish AroraDr Manish Arora(marora[at]usyd.edu.au) BDS, MPH, PhD
Key Interest: Environment oral health; Links between oral and systemic health, with a particular

emphasis on cancer; Bio-epidemiological research methods
Dr Shanti SivaneswaranDr Shanti Sivaneswaran(Shanti_Sivaneswaran[at]wsahs.nsw.gov.au)
BDS, MDS, Cert Health Econ, GradDip (Public Health)
Key Interest: Cost and utilisation of dental services for an insured population; Sugar
consumption in Australia; Water fluoridation; Academic performance and social characteristics
of dental students
Dr Peter DennisonDr Peter Dennison(p.dennison[at]usyd.edu.au) BDS, DPH(Dent), MCom
(Dent)
Key Interests: Cariology; Special Needs Dentistry; Public Health Dentistry
Periodontics
Current research has focused on bacteraemia caused by dental procedures and by patient-
performed activities. This has been a combined research effort between the Discipline of
Periodontology of the Faculty of Dentistry and the Centre for Clinical Microbiology and
Infectious Diseases of the Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research at Westmead
Hospital. Bacteraemia of oral origin is important in the pathogenesis of Infective Endocarditis
and the findings of our group have provided published evidence to assist decision making in
relation to antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of Infective Endocarditis. There is also
increasing interest in the potential role of bacteraemia of oral origin in systemic diseases. To
date, we have published findings on bacteraemia in relation to periodontal probing, ultrasonic
scaling, chewing, flossing and the effect of oral rinsing with Povidone-Iodine on post-scaling
bacteraemia.
Bacteraemia due to dental flossing, Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2009; 33:323-332
Online(doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01372.x)
Obstructive sleep apnoea and periodontitis: a novel association?, Sleep and Breathing
2009;13(3), 233-239
Prescribing good oral hygiene for adults, Australian Prescriber 2009; 32(3), 72-75
Alveolar bone and the bisphosphonates, Australian Dental Journal 2009 54: (1 Suppl) S51-S61
A change of heart: The new infective endocarditis prophylaxis guidelines. Australian Dental
Journal 2008; 53: 196–200
Key researchers in this area:
A/Professor Chris DalyA/Professor Chris Daly(cdaly[at]usyd.edu.au) Head of Unit
BDS, MSc, PhD, FRACDS, FICD
Key interests: Bacteraemia caused by dental procedures and by patient-performed activities;
Effect of toothbrush wear on plaque control
A/Professor Kwan-Yat ZeeA/Professor Kwan-Yat Zee(kyzee[at]usyd.edu.au) BDS, MDSc,

Odont Dr, FCDSHK, FHKAM
Key interests: Plaque development; Periodontal microbiology; Subtraction radiography;
Adjunctive efforts of traditional Chinese medicine in periodontal treatment; Implant performance
in periodontal patients; Peri-implantitis
Learning and Teaching
Areas of focus are in student approaches to learning, eLearning, assessment practices and
problem-based learning, pedagogy in clinical teaching and in benchmarking in higher education.
Educational research projects have been completed in international benchmarking ( with the
University of Adelaide) and in student approaches to learning in enquiry-based curricula (
resulting in three publications in refereed journals). . Funding has successful been achieved for
all activities from university ( eg TIES) and external sources (eg ADRF). Currently members of
the group are involved in an ALTC-funded multidisciplinary project in Australian Indigenous
communication in health with the Poche Centre of the university. Research methodologies used
include qualitative and quantitative and these are often strongly collaborative across the faculties
of health in the university. Scholarship of teaching and learning in health education projects are
designed to support, investigate and evaluate dental education and contribute to international
endeavour in dental education, evidenced by conference presentations and peer-reviewed
published articles. Several of these projects have been honoured by awards for the group and
group members, such as that from the American Dental Education Association and University
Teaching Awards. Higher degree research projects in dental education are developed to align to
state or federal government dental and oral health care imperatives such as rural dental
education, as an action research project and in multi-disciplinary health promotion. Research
projects also align to national and international higher education policy such as current doctoral
projects in translational knowledge n rural emergency medicine and dentistry, in student
approaches to dental educational and the development of critical reasoning in dentistry related to
assessment.
Dentistry students’ perceptions of learning Tools. International Censer for Information
Technology and Development, Southern University ICT for Africa 2008 Conference Proceedings.
ISBN 9956-27-002-4.Dec 18-21 2008. Boateng R, Molla A and Mbarika V Eds. P. 13
How does pain affect jaw muscle activity? The Integrated Pain Adaptation Model Australian
Dental Journal 2008; 53: 201–207
Competency-based curriculum: Permanent Transition in Dentistry. (=chapter 21) in The
Transformed University: The Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Practice, edited by J. Sachs
and A. Brew. (2007). Sydney
Benchmarking Learning and Teaching: developing a method. Journal for Quality Assurance in
Education 2006 32(4): 12-18
Dr Cathie GroenlundDr Cathie Groenlund(cathieg[at]dentistry.usyd.edu.au) BDS, MDSc, MHP,
FICD, FACD, GradDip (Marketing)

Key interests: Smoking counselling; Dental and Oral Health education using elearning
evaluation techniques for student learning; Development of teaching modalities for dental
education
A/Professor Tania GerzinaA/Professor Tania Gerzina(tgerzina[at]usyd.edu.au) BDS, PhD,
FRACDS
Key interests: Clinical education; Interprofessional learning; Cognition and tacit knowledge;
Knowledge translation in the professions; Biomaterials.
Other Areas of Research
Other areas under which the Faculty conducts research are listed below, along with key
researchers in each area.
Tooth Conservation
Professor Roland BryantProfessor Roland Bryant(rbryant[at]usyd.edu.au)
A/Professor Elizabeth Martin

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