UNDERSTANDING THE CHEMISTRY OF ATOMS TO IONS www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

ATOMS TO IONS Contents of Slide Definitions of Atom Neutral Atom Examples of neutral atoms Electron configuration Ions Atoms to Ions Valence electrons Electron loss or gain Quick Quiz Ionic compounds Task Facts about Ionic Compounds www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

Contents of Slide

Definitions of

Atom

Neutral Atom

Examples of neutral atoms

Electron configuration

Ions

Atoms to Ions

Valence electrons

Electron loss or gain

Quick Quiz

Ionic compounds

Task

Facts about Ionic Compounds

ATOMS TO IONS www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

What is an ATOM? An ATOM is the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

Definition of a Neutral Atom An atom with an equal number of protons and electrons is electrically neutral. No. of Proton(+) = No. of Electron (-) (+ ve charge will neutralize – ve charge) if they are equal. www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

Definition of a Neutral Atom No. of Proton(+) = No. of Electron (-) (+ ve charge will neutralize – ve charge) if they are equal . www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

Example of Neutral Atoms These atoms are electrically neutral because they have equal number of protons and electrons. www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com ATOM Atomic No. No. Of Proton No. Of Electron Sodium 11 11 11 Potassium 19 19 19 Chlorine 17 17 17 Calcium 20 20 20

Electron Configuration Electron configuration shows how the electrons are distributed among various atomic orbital of atoms and ions. OR The arrangement of electrons in an atom. www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

What is an Ion? An ion is an atom or molecule which has lost or gained one or more valence electrons, giving it a positive or negative electrical charge www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

Atoms to Ions Ions are formed by the loss or gain of electrons by single atoms or groups of atoms. www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

Valence Electrons A Valence electron is an electron in the outer shell of an atom which can combine with other atoms to form molecules Copy and complete the table shown below www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com Element Atomic Number Configuration Valence Sodium 11 Chlorine 17 Magnesium 12 Phosphorus 15

Electron Gain or Loss Ions are formed when electrons are gained on transferred (lost) www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com Atom Atomic No. Electron Configuration Electron Gain/Loss Positive Ion Negative Ion Sodium 11 2, 8, 1 Loss = 1 Na+ Potassium 19 2, 8, 8, 1 Loss = 1 K+ Chlorine 17 2, 8, 7 Gain = 1 Cl - Fluorine 9 2, 7 Gain = 1 F-

QUICK QUIZ State whether the following is true (T), False (F) or Not Sure (?) Ionic compounds are formed between metals and non metals. The metals lose electrons and non metals gain them to get full shells. They are generally solids with high melting points Not all ionic compounds are conductors ions in ionic compounds are held together in a lattice structure by ionic bonds www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

State whether the following is true (T), False (F) or Not Sure (?)

Ionic compounds are formed between metals and non metals.

The metals lose electrons and non metals gain them to get full shells.

They are generally solids with high melting points

Not all ionic compounds are conductors

ions in ionic compounds are held together in a lattice structure by ionic bonds

IONIC COMPOUNDS Chemical compounds that consist of charged positive and negative ions (opposite charges +ve and –ve) OR An ionic compound is a chemical compound in which positive and negative ions are held together in a lattice structure by ionic bonds. www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

TASK 2 Make a list of all ionic compounds you have studied. www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

Explain why ionic compounds are generally solids with high melting points and conduct electricity. www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

Facts about Ionic Compounds Ionic compounds conduct electricity when they dissolve in water. Ionic compounds are very hard and very brittle. Ionic compounds tend to have high melting and boiling points. All ionic compounds form crystals.

Ionic compounds conduct electricity when they dissolve in water.

Ionic compounds are very hard and very brittle.

Ionic compounds tend to have high melting and boiling points.

All ionic compounds form crystals.

UNDERSTANDING THE CHEMISTRY OF ATOMS TO IONS www.sciencetutors.zoomshare.com

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