The Egyptian Goddess Isis and Her Connections to Other Ancient Deities
1. The Egyptian Isis (Ese)
wore the horns of a
cow, and the cow was
sacred to her. Her cult
was the most persistent
in maintaining itself
against Christianity,
with which it had a
great deal in common,
both in doctrine and in
emblems. Her worship declined after
307ad, though it persisted in Italy
until the 5th century. Her last
remaining shrine at Philae was
closed in the middle of the 6th
century.
Isis is identified with
Demeter by Herodotus.
Demeter is the mother
of Persephone, who is
carried off by Hades to
the underworld. Demeter
is enraged at Zeus for
2. permitting the abduction. "In her
wrath, she makes the earth barren,
so that mankind are threatened with
destruction by famine, as she does
not allow the fruit of the earth to
spring up again until her daughter
is allowed to spend two-thirds of
the year with her." (Dictionary of
Classical Antiquities p. 177) Like
Aphrodite, she is associated with
the water-god Poseidon. The cow is
sacred to her, and among her
attributes is the torch-a common
attribute of other deities
associated with Venus.{12}
The Romans identified her with
Ceres, who was commonly portrayed
with a ram's horn in her left arm,
filled with fruits and flowers.
Aphrodite is the counterpart of the
Roman goddess Venus. Aphrodite
asteria (starlike), was identified
with Phosphor (Lucifer){13} the
morning star as well as Hesper the
evening star.{14} As Aphro-geneia
(foam born) or Anadyomene (she who
rises from the sea) she is much
3. associated with the sea-she even
had a son named Ichthys (fish),
perhaps because celestial objects
were thought to rise from the sea.
In art she is often represented as
….. (like Ishtar) from the sea, or
from a bath. Part of the worship of
the Minoan Great Mother survives in
her epithet Ariadne, "the exceeding
holy."
Aphrodite is connected with the
lower world, and was looked on as
one of its divinities. Just as
Ishtar descends to the kingdom of
Ilat the queen of the dead, to find
the means of restoring her favorite
Tammuz (Adon, Adonis) to life, so
does Aphrodite. During her stay all
animal and vegetable productivity
ceases, to begin again with her
return to earth-a clear indication
of the conception of her as a
goddess of fertility.
This legend strikingly resembles
that of Persephone. There is no
logical reason to associate this
legend with the Moon, and as far as
4. I can determine, no such
association was ever made; however,
it fits Venus beautifully. Her most
distinctive title, Urania, the
Semitic "Queen of the Heavens,"
corroborates her association with
the planet Venus.
Pallas (perhaps from pallaks
"virgin") Athena (athela "not
giving milk; unsuckled-this
seemingly refers both to her virgin
state as well as her extraordinary
birth from the brow of Zeus) is
associated with the storm cloud,
the pure ether, the dawn and
twilight. With Zeus and Apollo, she
forms a triad which represents the
embodiment of all divine power.
Though usually represented in her
manifestation as protector of
cities, goddess of war, she is also
portrayed as the pure virgin
(Athena Lemnia). In Roman mythology
she is Minerva, goddess of wisdom.
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