My µCon 2016 session presentation slides. This was about introducing PGAS (partitioned global address space) as a new architectural form for use in microservices systems. As always I draw on the slides as I speak and this is not captured here, you need to watch the video https://skillsmatter.com/skillscasts/8737-on-the-architectures-of-microservices-the-next-layer

1. Copyright © 2016 Russel Winder 1
On the Architectures of MicroServices
The Next Layer
Russel Winder
@russel_winder
russel@winder.org.uk
https://www.russel.org.uk

2. Copyright © 2016 Russel Winder 2
On the Architectures of MicroServices
The Next Generation
Russel Winder
@russel_winder
russel@winder.org.uk
https://www.russel.org.uk

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µCon

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μCon

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#muCon

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#microCon

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Microservices
muServices

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meowServices

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µCon
µservices

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Convention
Conference
{Con =

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con = con

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µCon(fidenceTrick)

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µservices – The Belief System
● Services should be small – whatever small means,
whatever service means.
● Services can use other services over some communications
mechanism – usually a network but could be a bus.
● Communications should be fast with low latency.
● Communications should be asynchronous.

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Each is a thing providing some
entry points to some computation.

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Encapsulated state
Possibly independently active
Various entry points
Responsive to requests

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Active Object

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Last Year
● Pipelines
● Dataflow
● Graphs
● CSP
● Actors
● Active objects
Message passing

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Most services just do a trivial
database lookup and return some
(JSON) document.

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Online shopping

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Or deliver images of cats.

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Some services may, just may, actually
do some serious computation.

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Big
Data

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Analytics

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Hadoop
Apache Spark

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Data science
Computational science

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Big
Computation

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Multi-level cluster computing.

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Are µservices just active objects on
computing clusters?

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Software is about abstraction…
Programming is about creating
abstractions.

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Abstraction
● We have abstracted out:
– Stack
– Heap
– Cores
– Synchronisation
– (Processors)
● Using the units of
abstraction:
– Functions
– Classes and methods
– Thread pools
– Processes
Message passing

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What’s left to abstract?

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The Networks.

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Some of them anyway.

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The 1980s
● Transputers.
● Serial connection
networks.
● Bus networks.
● Individual address spaces.
● Global address space.

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Message passing.

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PVM MPI→

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SSH
GASNet

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PGAS
Partitioned Global Address Space

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Mid-2000s onwards
● HPCS programme by DARPA.
● Many stages, many projects.
● All now over, any work now self-sustaining.
● Only X10 and Chapel left, but these are now making
serious inroads into the use of FORTRAN, Fortran, and C++.

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Example
π

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Fortran
C++
Chapel

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Abstract over the
networks and buses.

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Big
Data

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Big
Computation

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Choose your programming language to have
the right abstractions for the job at hand

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https://conference.accu.org

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Questions…

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On the Architectures of MicroServices
The Next Layer
Russel Winder
@russel_winder
russel@winder.org.uk
https://www.russel.org.uk