SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 51
Download to read offline
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
MALANJKHAND
VACATIONAL TRAINING IN MINERAL PROCESSING FIELD
Training Incharge-: By:-
Mr.Sree Kumar RAHUL SINGH (2012JE1320)
AGM (Mines) DEEPAK KUMAR (2012JE1347)
GOVIND KUMAR (2012JE1346)
ANIKET SINGH (2011JE1073)
LOKESH KU. MEENA (2010JE0008)
ASHISH TUNDELKAR (2011JE0551)
SHASHANT KUMAR (2011JE1099)
FUEL AND MINERAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES
DHANBAD
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I wish to acknowledge the Hindustan copper limited for giving the
opportunity to conduct this Vacational training.
I am grateful to the support of Hindustan copper limited for the
training.
I wish to acknowledge the support of Mr.Sree Kumar (AGM,Mines)
for this training.
I wish to acknowledge the support of Mr.P.K Singh
I wish to acknowledge S.S.Patil (DGM,Conc.) for his special support
to complete this training.
I wish to acknowledge the support of S.R.Gaur (AGM, Conc.)to
complete this training.
I wish to acknowledge the support of Sh.Ajay Giri (CM, Conc.) and
Sh.Kumarswamy (CM, Conc.)
I wish to acknowledge the support of Kunal ku. Rajak , Sumit
Sinha, Ranvijay Singh, Vishal ku.Mishra
I wish to give special thanks to Shubharaj ( Junior Manager )
I acknowledge the wonderful support of individuals numerous to
mention by name-they allowed us uninhibited access to their
database for the success of the this training.
1
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
SUMMARY
This Vacational training report mainly deals with the -
experience gain during the training period in malanjkahand
copper project. Hindustan copper limited has location operating
units –one in Rajasthan(Khetri copper complex),one in Madhya
Pradesh (Malanjkhand copper project ) ,one in Jharkhand
(Indian copper complex).Malanjkhand copper project has
capacity of 2 million ton per annum with a grade % of 0.9 – 1.
This report deals with the production of plant ,equipment used
to extract ore ,its type ,grade of ore, primary crusher and its
reduction ratio ,secondary and tertiary crusher and their
reduction ratio .Main process unit consist of milling of ore
,flotation ,cleaner ,recleaner ,thickner ,filter .In Hindustan
copper project only mining and benefication has been done ,the
final product is transported to ,INDIAN COPPER COMPLEX
,Ghatsla (Jharkhand) for smelting ,refining precious metal
recovery.
2
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
CONTENTS
1.0 CHAPTER ONE
1.1 About Hindustan copper limited.
1.2 About Malanjkhand copper project.
1.3 Process description.
2.0 CHAPTER TWO- PRIMARY UNIT
2.1 Primary Crusher
2.2 Capacity ,Reduction ratio
2.3 Conveyor System
2.4 Motor and Gearbox specification
2.5Apron Feeder
2.6 Lubrication System
2.7 Safety devices and Gamma ray indicator
3.0 CHAPTER THREE –SECONARY UNIT
3.1 Secondary crusher
3.2 Tertiary crusher
3.3 Capacity ,Reduction ratio
3.4 Conveyor system.
3.5 Screen and surge bins
3.6 Lubrication system
3.7 Overall view of secondary unit.
3
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
4 CHAPTER FOUR- MAIN PROCESS UNIT
4.1 Fine ore bin ,Capacity ,Reduction ratio
4.2 Ball mill and its specification
4.3 Addition of reagent
4.4 Flotation cells
4.5 Cleaner and recleaner
4.6 Thickner and filter
5.0 CONCLUSION
6.0 REFERENCE
4
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
1.0 CHAPTER ONE -
1.1 ABOUT HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
Hindustan copper limited (HCL) enterprise under the administrative
control of the Ministry of Mines, was incorporated on 9th November
1967 under the Companies Act ,1956. It was established as a Govt. of
India enterprises to take over all plant, projects, schemes and
studies pertaining to the exploration and exploitation of copper
deposits ,including smelting and refining from National Mineral
Development Corporation Ltd. It is the only company in India
engaged in mining of copper ore and owns all the operating mining
lease of copper ore and also the only integrated producer of refined
copper (vertically integrated company ). Major activites of HCL
includes mining, ore beneficiation, smelting, refining and casting of
refined copper metal into downstream products. HCL is a listed
company on BSE and NSE, with 94.01% equity owned by Govn. of
India .HCL has multi-location operating units
Following are locations-:
PLANT LOCATION FACILITIES
Khetri Copper Complex Khetrinagar,
Rajasthan
Mining ,Ore beneficiation
,Smelting(not in use),
Refining (not in use)
Indian Copper Complex Ghatsila,
Jharkhand
Mining ,Ore beneficiation
,Smelting ,Refining, Precious
metal recovery
Malanjkhand Copper
Project
Malanjkhand,
Madhya
Pradesh
Mining ,Ore beneficiation
Taloja Copper Project Taloja,
Maharashtra
Continuous cast Copper rod
plant
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
Present Capacities of HCL’s Mines and Smelter are given below:
1 )Mines
Mines Location Ore capacity
(lakh tonnes per
annum)
Khetri Copper
Complex
Rajasthan 14.00
Malanjkhand Copper
Project
Madhya Pradesh 20.00
Indian Copper
Complex
,Jharkhand 4.00
Total- 38.00 lakh tonnes per annum
2)Smelter
Plant Location Metal capacity
(tonnes per annum)
Khetri Copper
Complex
Rajasthan 31,000
Indian Copper
Complex
Jharkand 20,500
Total - 51,500 tonnes per annum
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
3)Wire Rod Plant
Location of plant Location Capacity(tonnes per
annum )
Taloja Copper Project Maharashtra 60,000
4) Geological Reserves:
Malanjkhand Copper Project : 331.59 million MT @ 1.05 % Cu
Khetri Copper Complex : 94.87 million MT @1.30%Cu
Indian Copper Complex : 196.85 million MT @1.06%Cu
Total :623.31 million MT@ 1.05% Cu
On Going Project-:
No Mine Location Capacity
Current After
Expansion
1 Malanjkhand Mines-
Development of
Underground mine
under existing open
cast
Malanjkhand
,M.P
2.0 5.2
(Undergro
und)
2 Khetri Mines
Expansion of existing
Underground mine
Khetri,
Rajasthan
0.5 1.0
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
3 Kolihan Mine-
Expansion of existing
underground mine
Khetri,
Rajasthan
0.5 1.5
4 Surda Mine –
Expansion of existing
Underground Mine
Ghatsila,
Jharkand
0.4 0.9
5 Rakha Mines –Re-
opening of closed
Underground Mine
Ghatsila,
Jharkand
Nil 1.5
6 Kendadh Mine- Re-
opening of
Underground Mine
Ghatsila,
Jharkand
Nil 0.21
7 Banwas Mine –
Development of new
underground mine
Khetri,
Rajasthan
Nil 0.6
8 Chapri-Sideshwar-
Development of new
underground mine
Ghatsila,
Jharkand
Nil 1.5
Total 3.4 12.41
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
1.2 MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT
 Malanjkhand Copper Project was established in 1982.
 The Ore of Malanjkhand open pit mines have -
1)90% Chalcopyrites
2) 10% (Oxides and Sulphide ores)
 The life of Open pit mine is 32 years .
 It has 250(Approx) million tones copper ore deposits.
 52 (Approx.) million tones of the ore has been extracted till
now.
 198(Approx.) million ton is still remaining .
 Overall plant capacity is 2.0 million tonnes per annum.
Sulphide ore are of three types depending on the percentage of
Copper present in it , they are
 0.95%-above—high grade ore ,
 0.45-0.9%-- low grade ore
 0.2-0.44%--lean grade ore
1.3 PROCESS DESCRIPTION
 Run of mine ore of size (-) 1200 mm is crushed in three stage to (-)
12 mm. The crushing complex consists of one primary gyratory
crusher (1350x1900 mm), one secondary cone crusher (2200 mm)
7’ standard head, three tertiary cone crusher (2200 mm) short head
and four Nos. vibrating screen and associated conveyor network,
apron feeders and belt feeders.
 1.2 Primary crushed ore passes through a double deck vibrating
screen (8ft. x 20 ft.) before its entry to secondary crusher. For
tertiary crushing three nos. vibrating screens (8ft. x 20 ft.) are used
in closed circuit along with three tertiary crushers.
 1.3 The under size from screen which is the feed for grinding mills
is transported by conveyors and stored in the parabolic fine ore bin
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
of capacity 10,000 MT. Ore is withdrawn from this bin with the
help of belt feeders and fed to the ball mills.
 Single stage wet grinding is done with the help of four nos. ball
mills each of size 3810x5791 mm, operating in close circuit with
660 mm hydro cyclones. Mills are over flow type and lined with
replaceable rubber liners. CI grinding media of 80 mm dia is
charged inside the mills for grinding of ore.
 1.5 Hydro cyclone over flow (35-40% -200 mesh) is subjected to
four stage flotation in rougher, scavenger, cleaner and recleaner
(all 300 cft. Cells). The recleaner concentrate (final concentrate)is
pumped to 25 meter dia thickener and the scavenger tails (final
tail) gravitates into tailing pulp tank.
 1.6 Thickened concentrate from the thickener is pumped to two
nos. of disc filters 2.7 meter dia. The dewatered filter cake from
disc filter having 10 to 12% moisture is conveyed into the
concentrate storage yard. Water from the thickener over flow is
recycled back in the process circuit.
 Final tails is pumped through rubber lined pipes to tailing disposal
area about 2.4 Kms away from the plant.Hydro cyclones are used
for embankment build up along the periphery of the tailing dam.
Tailing dam having capacity to 88 million tonnes of solids is at the
end of final stage of operation. The settled water at the tailing dam
is recycled back to the plant for use in process
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
M.C.P CONCENTRATE PLANT (6000 TPD )
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
2.0 CHAPTER TWO-PRIMARY UNIT
2.1 PRIMARY CRUSHER
Primary Gyratory crusher are designed for first stage crushing of
ferrous and non-ferrous ores. They are generally installed in the first
stage of technological crushing scheme.
 Gyratory type crusher.
 Model No-: PGC 1350 (HEC- Heavy Engg. Corporation ,Ranchi)
 Width of feed opening -:1350 mm
 Width of discharge opening-:165mm
 Capacity- :870 MTPH at 150mm setting
 Oscillation of Crusher head -: 2-4 rpm on no load
 Motor drive-360kw
 Motor speed – 591 rpm
 V- Belt – (E-9093)
Before starting the crusher, check the following and make sure
that they are in satisfactory condition.
 Check the oil level in the settler ;it should not be below 1.2
 Check the tension of V belts; all the belts should be tight.
 Check the crushers crushing chamber; there should be no
material in it.
 Check the grease lubricating system for its proper functioning.
 Start any one of the oil pump and observe the delivery line oil
pressure to be not less than 1.0kg/cm2 and not more than
2.0kg/cm2 .
 Wait for 5-10 min, so that oil circulation stabilishes.
 Check the drain pipe oil temp. ,it should be below 600 C.
 Check the drain pipe oil temp. from counter shaft , it should be
below 600 C.
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
 Check the oil pressure before and after the filter; the difference
should not be more than 0.3kg/cm2 .
 If the oil temp. is more than 60-650 C pass the oil through the
heat exchanger and observe that , water inlet pressure is less by
0.3kg/cm2 to the oil outlet pressure.
 Start the crusher main drive .
 Observe for any knocking or abnormal sound from the crusher
,there should be no such abnormal sound .
 Count the number of rotation of the crusher with the ore
Fig 1. OPEN SECTION OF GYRATORY CRUSHER SHOWING
CRUSHER HEAD
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
2.2 CAPACITY, REDUCTION RATIO
 Capacity-870 TPH
 Feed size-1200mm (max.)
 Product size-140mm (max.)
 Reduction Ratio = 8.52(approx..)
FLOW CHART
-1200mm -140 mm
FLOW DIAGRAM SHOWING EACH LEVEL OF PRIMARY UNIT
TOP LEVEL
4TH FLOOR
3RD FLOOR
2ND FLOOR
1ST FLOOR
GROUND LEVEL
PRIMARY CRUSHER (870 TPH)
GYRATORY CRUSHER
GYRATORY CRUSHER
FEEDING LEVEL
INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
(CRUSHING ZONE)
DICHARGE LEVEL
HOPPER ( GAMMA RAY INDIACTOR )
LUBRICATION SYSTEM
APROON FEEDER
CONVEYOR SYSTEM
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
2.3 CONVEYOR SYSTEM
Used for transportation of feed (secondary ) from apron feeder
discharge to coarse ore store(COS) for convience to carry it to
secondary unit.
Following are the important section of conveyor system -:
 Idlers
 Belt
 Pulley Arrangement
 Pull cord
2.3.1>IDLERS

Pictorial view of carrying Idlers
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
 Used to support the belt.
 To protect the belt.
 Used in carrying the belt.
.1 TYPES OF IDLERS
a) Carrying Idlers – Carry the belt
b) Return Idlers – Help in returning the belt
c) Impact Idlers- Protect belt from wear and tear
d) Adjustment Idlers
e) Self Alignment Idlers
f) Side Idlers.
.2 IDLER SPECIAFICATION
 Number of Carrying Idlers-(199-10%)*3=540
 Number of Return Idlers-(199/2)=100
 Gab b/w two carrying idlers = 1000mm
 Gab b/w two Return idlers =2000mm
2.3.2>BELT
 Length of belt -398m
 Commonly named as primary belt
 Width of belt -1400mm
 Nylon is used to give strength and flexibility
 Thickness of belt is 24mm
 Notation –M24
NYLON PLY
RUBBER PLY
RUBBER PLY
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
SYSTEMATIC VIEW SHOWING DIFFERENT SECTION OF BELT
2.3.3>PULLEY ARRANGEMENT
Total no. of pulley in primary conveyor-12
SYSTEMATIC PULLEY ARRANGEMENT OF
PRIMARY CONVEYOR
8
(2 )HEAD PULLLEY
HEAD SCUP PULLEY (3)
4
5
7
6
HEAD BEND PULLEY (9)
TAIL PULLEY (1)
TAIL SCUP
PULLEY (12)
TAKE UP PULLEY
(10)
TAIL BEND
PULLEY (11)
8
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
2.3.4> PULL CORD
Used to stop conveyor belt in Emergency Condition such
as over loading,breakdown of belt etc.
2.4 MOTOR AND GEAR BOX
MOTOR
There are basically two motor attached to pulley No. 6
and 8
M1- PULLEY 6 M2-PULLEY 8
150 hp 150 hp
1485 rpm 1485rpm
188A 186A
V-415V V-415V
Frequency- 50 Hz Frequency- 50 Hz
Mgf. By- SIEMENS (GERMANY)
 GEAR BOX
ELECON Mgf.
SERIAL NO-WHG33992LH
TYPE-SCN-355
SPEEED RATIO- 45:1
ELECON ENGINEERING CO. LTD
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
 FLUID COUPLING
 Used to reduce Energy
 To safe motor during the condition of high load
 Act as best energy saver
2.5 APROON FEEDER
Crushed product from the primary crusher and coarse ore stock pile
are received by apron feeders with whole speed drive through
hoppers and then transferred to conveyor.
SPECIFICATION-:
APROON FEEDER AT PGC APROON FEEDER AT COS
Size-:1219*9000mm 1219*9000mm
Capacity-:200-1000 MTPH 200-530 MTPH
Motor-:37 kw 22.5 kw
MOTOR
M1
FLUID
COUPLING C1
GEAR BOX G1
PULLEY 6
MOTOR
M2
FLUID
COUPLING C2
GEAR BOX G2
PULLEY 8
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
Before starting the Apron Feeder, check the following and make
sure that they are in satisfactory condition.
 Check all the bolts and nuts of all units and see that they are all
tight.
 Lubricate where it is necessary.
 Check for the pressure of any big boulder being jammed in the
hopper or on the apron feeder, Remove it .
 Tighten screw take on just enough to ensure a smooth
transition of pan line on the first return roller .
 Check bearings temperature , it should be within 35-550 C, After
making sure about the above points, see that the conveyor to
which the apron feeder is feeding is running .
 Now, start the apron chain drive ,and feed.
SYSTEMATIC VIEW OF APRON FEEDER ARRANGEMENTS
TRACK ROLLER
TRACK CHAIN
MOTION
RECEIEVING CHUTE
TRETURN ROLLER
PRODUCTTAILING
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
2.6 LUBRICATION SYSTEM
 For Eccentric Motion , shaft counter ,Bend gear .
 Servo-system 526 of IDC
 125 lt/min ( circulation volume)
 For crusher head suspension and mantle
 Servo Gem-2 of IOC (grease)
 Once in 16 hrs
NAME OF THE
UNIT
NO.
OF
UNI
T
NO.
OF
POIN
T PER
UNIT
TYPE
OF
SYSTEM
RECOMME
NDED
GRADE OF
LUBRICAN
T
VOLU
ME OF
LUBRI
CANT
INTER
VAL OF
LUBRI
CANT
ECCENTRIC 1 1 Circulati
ng
Servo-
System
526 0F IDC
125
l/min.
Contin
ous
BEND GEAR
TRANSMISS
1 1 Circulati
ng
Servo-
System
526 0F IDC
125
l/min
Contin
ous
COUNTER
SHAFT
BUSHING
Circulati
ng
Servo-
System
526 0F IDC
125
l/min
Contin
ous
TOP
SUSPENSION
OF CRUSHING
HEAD AND
MANTLE
1 1 Centrali
sed
Grease
ServoGem-
2 of IOC
1000
cc
Once in
16 hrs
DUST SEAL
RING
1 1 Centrali
sed
Grease
ServoGem-
2 of IOC
Once in
16 hrs
ANTIFRICTIO
N BRG. OF
DRIVE
1 4 Centrali
sed
Grease
ServoGem-
2 of IOC
2.5cc Once in
08 hrs
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
2.7 SAFETY DEVICE AND GAMMA RAY INDICATOR
2.7.1 SAFETY DEVICE
 For crusher safety
 Electromagnet
 Metal detector
ELECTROMAGNET
It is used to attract the metallic material
which show magnetic property to avoid choking, damaging the
inner shell of secondary crusher .
METAL DETECTOR It is used to detect those material / metal
which donot show metallic property to avoid choking, damaging
the inner shell of secondary crusher .
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
 For Emergency safety issue
 Pull cord
2.7.2 GAMMMA RAY INDICATOR
When the product from discharge level from crusher increased
in hopper and the level where gamma ray indicator installed
crosses, then hopper level increased above it, the receiver
installed at the other end does not receive the beam from the
indicator at that time ,then alarm startas
 Used to avoid choking of hopper .
 Used to avoid breakage of oil pump.
 Safe crusher from wear and tear.
FEED
SYSTEMATIC VIEW OF HOPPER SHOWING GAMMA RAY
INDICATOR
GAMMA RAY
INICATOR
RECIEVER
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
3.0 CHAPTER 3- SECONDARY UNIT
3.1 SECONDARY CRUSHER
Secondary cone crusher are designed for second stage crushing
of ferrous and non-ferrous ores. They are generally installed in the
second stage of technological crushing scheme
 Type of crusher:-Cone crusher (Standard head)
 Width of feed opening- 350mm
 Recommended max. Feed size- 300mm
 Closed side setting- 30 to 60 mm
 Capacity at minimum recommended setting- 550 TPH
 Direct coupled with motor with coupling pad- Hydraulic setting
arrangement.
 Lubricant used - Servo system 121
 Motor- 250 KW/65.5A/493RPM/3.3kv
-140mm -40mm
Belt 1
Secondary crusher
Secondary crusher
BELT 5
SECONDARY CONE
CRUSHER(Standard
head)
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
Before starting the crusher, check the following and make sure
that they are in satisfactory condition
 Check the oil level in settler Tank- it should be more than 2/3 cm.
above the suction pipe.
 Start the oil pump.
 Check the oil filter inlet and outlet pressure. The difference
between the two should be u8nder 0.3Kg/cm2. If it is more than
that, rotate the filter. If there is no improvement then the filter
has to be cleaned.
 Check the temp. of oil inside the tank. It should be below 50 0C.
If it is more than that, the heat exchanger to be taken into circuit.
 Heat exchanger water pressure to be left preferably below the oil
pressure to avoid mixing of water into oil through any leakages.
 Oil pressure should be 0.4 to 2 Kg/cm2.
 Temp. of oil leaving the crusher should be below 60 0C.
 Check the coupling pad & bolts.
 Start crusher motor.
 Check the crushing head RPM it should be below 10.
 Check if there is any abnormal sound or vibration.
 Open hydraulic seal water until the clear water comes out from
the outlet. Quantity of Hydraulic seal water should be within 36 to
45 Lit/Min.
 Start feeding.
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
3.2 TERTIAY CRUSHER
Tertiary cone crusher are designed for third stage crushing of
ferrous and non-ferrous ores. They are generally installed in the third
stage of technological crushing scheme.
 Type of crusher- Cone crusher (Short head)
 Size: 7’
 Capacity: 400 MTPH
 Motor: 262.5KW/61.5A/985RPM/3.3KV/Induction
 V-belt driver: V-belt size-E8470; E-330
 Hydraulic setting arrangement.
 Lubricant used- Servo system SP 17
 Water flow rate through heat Exchanger (cooler) automatically
controlled.
-40mm -12mm
Before starting the crusher, check the following and make sure
that they are in satisfactory condition
 Check oil level in the settler tank. It should be at the intermediate
position in between low & high makings.
 Start the oil pump.
 Check the differential pressure gauge. It should show less than 25
PSI. Higher differential pressure indicate clogging of filter.
TERTIARY CONE
CRUSHER
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
 Check the oil temp. Entering cooler. It should be above 60 0F.
 Check the oil temp. Leaving cooler. It must be less than 115 0F.
 Open the inspection cover of the settling tank & check the oil
drain line from the crusher. Inside the tank to ensure that the is
circulating. Normally oil flowing out of the drain line should be of
sufficient as to half fill the pipe.
 Oil pressure after cooler should be within the range of 5-15 PSI.
 Oil temp leaving the crusher should be less than 120 0F.
 Stop the crusher if the temp of oil leaving the crusher reaches 130
0F.
 Temp difference in between the oil entering the crusher & leaving
the crusher should in between 1 &3 0F. if the temp difference is
more than 5 0F crusher should be check for any fault.
 Check the V-belt tension of the crusher.
 Start the crusher motor.
 Check the RPM of crushing head & motor current.
 Check if there is any abnormal sound or vibrations.
 Open the Hydraulic seal water & wait till the clear water comes
out from the out-let.
 Start feeding.
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
3.3 CAPACITY, REDUCTION RATIO
 Capacity
 Secondary crusher-584TPH
 Tertiary crusher-360 TPH
 Reduction Ratio
 Secondary crusher-3.5
 Tertiary crusher-3.33
3.4 CONVEYOR SYSTEM
Used for transportation of feed (secondary ) from apron feeder at
coarse ore store(COS) for convience to carry to secondary unit
3.4.1 BELT AND THEIR NOTATION
BELT
NO.
LENTH (m) WIDTH(m) THICKNESS(m)
1 380 1200 24
2 265 1400 24
3 32 1400 24
4 280 1400 24
5 270 1200 24
6 140 1200 24
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
 BELT 1
Used to carry feed from COS to secondary crusher
 BELT 2
Used to carry Crushed product from secondary
and tertiary crusher to conveyor belt 3
SECONDARY
CRUSHER
BELT 3
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
 BELT 3
Used in transferring belt 2 product to belt 4
 BELT 4
Carry (-40mm) feed from belt 3 to surge bin S1,S2,S3
S1 S2 S3
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
 BELT 5
Carry the -12mm product from screening to FOB
(fine ore bin)
3.5 SCREEN AND SURGE BIN
3.5.1 SCREEN
 Double Deck Screen- 8ft X 20ft
 Panel size(mm):-
 Upper Deck: 40 x 40 – 10 nos.
 Lower Deck: - 12 x 20 – 6 nos.
 Single Deck Screen- 8ft X 20ft
 Panel size(mm):- 12 x 20 – 6 nos. 15 x 20 – 4 nos.
3.5.2 SURGE BIN
 There are three surge bin named as S1, S2, S3.
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
3.6 LUBRICATION SYSTEM
 Servo system SP17
 Heat Exchanger
 T1-Serial no-11070, 2.4 kg/cm2 (0-6)
 T2- pressure (1-2) kg/cm2 (0-4)
LUBRICATION CONSISTS OF 4 MOTOR SYSTEM
 M1 and M2 are working
 M3 –Stand by
 M4- Purifier
3.7 MOTOR SPECIAFICATION
EQUIPMENT
TYPE
NOTATIO
N
KW/HP PHAS
E
VOLT(
V)
TYPE RPM
TERTIARY
CRUSHER
MT1 250 3 3300 TEEP
AK
492
TERTIARY
CRUSHER
MT2 375 3 3300 SYMO
NS
993
TERTIARY
CRUSHER
MT3 250 3 3300 HEC 492
LUBRICANT
PUMP
ML1 5.5 - 415+-
10%
- 1440
PURIPIER
PUMP
MP1 5.5 - 415+-
10%
- 1430
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
4.0 CHAPTER FOUR-MAIN PROCESS UNIT
4.1 FOB(FINE ORE BIN ) CAPACITY ,REDUCTION
RATIO
 FOB acts like store in which feed materials (-12mm) of mill
are store from where it is fed into mill through different
conveyors arrangements.
 Capacity -10,000MT
 Reduction Ratio-
4.2 BALL MILL
Ball mill receive the crushed fine ore ( - 12mm ) and grind it wet to
the mesh-of-grind i.e. ,60% -200 mesh. Fine ore and water are fed at one
end and the milled product is discharged at the other end. Steel balls are
use as grinding media
 Ball Mill Size - 5791 x 3810 mm
 Drive Motor - 1200 KW
 Speed of the mill - 15.1 RPM
 Type of mill - overflow
 Feed rate - 1515 TPD / 60 TPH
 Pulp density in the mill - 75% solids by weight
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
Before the starting the ball mill check the following and make sure
that they are in satisfactory condition
 Check the oil level of the main bearings, Check the oil wipers, light
contact with the bearing.
 Check the temp. & grease of pinion & drive shaft pillow blocks. It
should not be very hot.
 Check the oil spray system to the girth gear. Be sure that it
operate properly and check that there is lubricant in the
container. Air pressure require for spray is 6 Kg/cm2.
 Open the water cooling valves and adjust it to satisfactory flow
rate (20 Gal. / Min.)
 Start the reducer box oil pump and make sure that oil is
circulating.
 Start the Hydraulic lift, at the trunnion bearings, observe the
pressure gauge. The pressure increases and then drops a little.
 Inform the ground-ore pump area operator and start the main-
drive of the mill.
 Observe that the mill starts smoothly.
 Check the oil distribution in the trunnion bearing.
 Start feeding the fine ore and water. Adjust these two to required
values.
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
PROCESS FLOW CIRCUIT OF GRINDING UNIT-
4.3 FLOATATION CELL
Flotation cells are used to separate out the copper sulphide particles
as a forth containing these minerals, leaving the pulp depleted of it.
There are several stages of flotation operation
SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF FLOTATION CELL
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
 ROUGHER & SCAVENGER
The aim of this stage is to float all the copper sulphide particles and
leaving a trailing which contains as less copper as is possible
 Copper % in Rougher cell – 7 %
 Copper % in scavenger cell – 15%
DETAILS
 Cell Type & Size - 300 CFT double-overflow flotation cells.
 No. of cells - 4 rows of 12 cells each, the first 7 are
rougher
 & second 5 are scavenger
 Drive Motor - 30 HP, 1000 RPM
 V-belt used - C – 168 fenner.
 Forth paddle drive - ¾ H.P. 28 RPM
 Addition of Xanthate in Mill feed to increase conditioning time.
 Diversion of Concentrate of first Scavenger Cell as Rougher
Concentrate to avoid recirculation.
 Removal of old and inefficient recleaner cell (Fagergren cell) of
60 ft3 by efficient and bigger 300 ft 3 cell (Denver D-R cell).
 Diversion of highly floatable minerals (high kinetic minerals)
from the first rougher cell concentrate directly to the thickener.
This procedure is adhered when the head grade that is being
treated is more than 1.0%Cu.
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
4.4 ADDITION OF REAGENT
 LIME: - Is added in the mill feed in order to maintain the
desired pH (8.5-9.5)
 PINE OIL: - Is added in the flotation cells and it helps in
better froth formation
 SODIUM ISOPROPYL XANTHATE:-Is added in the flotation
cells and it acts as a collector for copper ore minerals.
4.5 CLEANER AND RECLEANER
This stage aims at producing a concentrate of definite copper content.
 Copper % in cleaner cell – 17 %
 Copper % in recliner cell – 20 %
DETAILS
 No. of cells - 4 rows contain 1 cleaning cell each, and 1
for Recliner
 Drive motor - 15 KW 1470 RPM
 V-belt used - B-120
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
 Froth paddle drive - 0.75KW 35 RPM
4.7 THICKNER AND FILTER
4.6.1 THICKNER
 MAKERS : THE EI CO-K.C.P LTD MADRAS
 SIZE OF THE UNIT : 83’0” SWD
 TYPE : ‘C’ with C 54 DRIVE, CLDT0 C 54 LIFT having
2shaft and long arms
 Direction of rotation: clockwise
 RPM 0.1
 Drive unit: moter 1 no, HP-3, RPM-1440
 Lifting device: 610mm lift,motor 1 no., HP-1.5
 Purpose of the thickener mechanism: 17500kgs.
 To thickener the dilute concentratc product before
sending to ceramic filter
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
4.0 CONCLUSION
Malanjkhand copper project is a growing
project which is to be expanded in few year . The copper grade is
still not good ,it is about 0 .95% which is very costly ,but recently
many changes has to done in MCP such as changing of filter
,earlier it was Disc filter but changed to ceramic vaccum fliter
(China filter).One other hand thickner is also going to be
changed to High rate thickner ,by doing such changes time
reduce .Their is work going on in planning of underground mine
in MCP hence the project will be expanded to large extent.
We are very thankful to Research and Development department
of MCP as they guided us pretty well.
Earlier we were having theoritical knowledge of crushers and
other equipments used in metal processing but now undergoing
training in prestigious company help us enhancing our concepts
theoretically as well as practically .To a student this plant is a
good place to gain expirence in industry .
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
5.0 REFERENCE
 Research and development department of MCP.
 Ajay Giri (CM,Conc.)
 Kunal ku. Rajak, Sumit Sinha, Ranvijay Singh .
 Shubharaj ( Ju.Manager)
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
Figure 3: Illustration of the flow chart used in the Web application to generate the global estimation error
(GEE).
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
12
5.0 FUNDAMENTAL SAMPLING ERROR MODEL
Fundamental sampling error depends on the number of critical particles in the
sample .For solides, powders and particulate materials, especially at low
concentration of critical particles the fundamental error can be very large
5.1 Application of Gy;s fundamental sampling error Eqn for designing
sample preparation procedures:
If the material to be sampled contain particle of different shape and size, it is
difficult to estimate the number of critical particles in the samples.
Gy’s formula for relative variance of the fundamental sampling error -
( Relative standard deviation of the fundamental sampling error
(FSE)
Where = absolute standard deviation (in concentration units)
; =average concentration of the lot;
d=characteristic particle size = 95% limit of the size distribution;
MS=sample size; ML=lot size; and
C is the sampling constant that depends on the properties of the material
sampled.
C is the product of four parameters:
where f is the shape factor (fig 4)
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
Shape factor-:Shape factor is the ratio of the volume of the sampled particles
having the characteristic dimension d to the volume of the cube having the
same dimension
13
Fig. 4. Estimation of particle shape factor and liberation factor for
unliberated and liberated critical particles. L is the particle size of the
critical particles.
g= size distribution factor
- g=0.25 ,wide –size distribution
-g=1, uniform particle size
c is the constitution factor and can be estimated by using Eq.
Here
aL= av. Concentration of lot
= concentration of the analyte in the critical particle
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
= critical particle density
= diluent particle density
14
6.0 ACCURACY OF GY’S FORMULA FOR THE FUNDAMENTAL
SAMPLING ERROR
-: Gy ‘s TOS consists of the prediction ,estimation or minimization of the
variance of the “fundamental sampling error” denoted by Var (FSE).
-: Var (FSE0 is regarded as the relative variance of the sampling error that is
obtained under through mixing of the population .
-: Var(FSE0 is Gy’s TOS is considered to be minimum possible variance for
incomplete or partial mixing .
-: When population is not thorpoughly mixed ,Gy;s TOS prescribes that an
additional relative variance components
Var (GSE)( variance in grouping and segregation error ) must be added
besides Var (FSE) to get the variance of the total sampling error (TSE)
Var (TSE)=Var(FSE)+ Var(GSE) + additional variance component .
Fundamental sampling error eq.
(FSE Eq.)
V= the sampling variance
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
f= bruntan shape factor
g= size factor
l=liberation factor
c=mineralogical composition factor
D=Nominal size
Msample =Mass of sample
15
6.1 Most common error in applying Gy’s formula in the theory
of mineral sampling and the history of the liberation factor.
a)Error in calculation of liberation factor-:
Taking an example of gold mines ,since the gold inthis case is
almost pulverized down to a nominal size of 40 microns to nominal
size of 1.5 cm
liberation factor (l)=( 0.004/1.5)0.5=0.052
this value is input for formula
Table 1.showng error in calculation .
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
Fig.5 Sampling nomograms 16
While investigating problem ,a author discovered exact source of
thses formula difficulties ,(FRANCOIS-BONGARCON ,1991-1998)
SFSE = Sampling relative variance
MS=Sampling Mass
ML=lot mass
f = 0.5 (approx.)
g= 0.25(approx.)
c=mineralogical factor
d=nominal size
l= liberation factor
when ML>>MS , formula becomes
SFSE2= fgcld3/MS
-:Gy’s proposed experimental model of variation of l with dl and d
l=(dl/d)0.5
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
-:Another model for the liberation factor
l=(dl/d)b ,b= additional parameter; gold (b=1.5)
6.2 CONSEQUENCE OF AN ERRONEOUS MODEL FOR l
EXAMPLE 1- CALCULTION OF A MINIMUN SAMLE MASS
SOLUTION- Given that dl=1.27cm, a grade of I ppm Au (10-6)
density =19.3 g/cm3, f=0.5 ,g=0.25
d=10 microns for gold,SFSE2=0.01 (10%)
SFSE2= fgcld3/MS
= 0.5*0.25*c*(dl/d)0.5d3/MS
=0.5*0.25*c*dl0.5d2.5/MS
=0.5*0.25*19.3/10-0.6*(10-3)0.5*(1.27)2.5/MS
MS=13.9 *106 grams/13.9 tonnes 17
Which is not possible ,the gold is very fine and it is well known by experiment
that sample of few k are all it takes to get an acceptable reproducibility.
EXAMPLE 2-; CALCULATION OF GOLD LIBERATION SIZE.
SOLUTION -: 10% standard deviation ,
MS=15 kg , SFSE=0.10,d=1.27 ,density=19.3 g/cm3
f=0.5 liberation factor =0.25
SFSE2=fgcld3/MS
l=(dl/d)0.5, l= SFSE2*MS/fgcd3
dl= 3.9 *10-9= 0.39 A0, which is absurd result.
Hence from experimental evidence ,it is proved that Gy’s formula is inaccurate
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
18
7.0 CONCLUSION
From the report it is cleared that Gy’s sampling theory still not
adopted as accurate one .As we saw that the formula given by Gy’s
totally consists of assumption and factor used did not give better
result and also from the experimental data shown ,it is cleared that
the formula for calculating fundamental sampling error is inaccurate
.Number of process control, product uality control for consumer
safety and environmental control are being carried out with the
help of sampling theory developed by Pierre Gy. Examining and
designing sampling procedures normally decreases the probability
of error in sampling, sampling equipment should be correct,
sampling procedures should be examined by trained person in
regular interval .Hence at last it is concluded that sampling is
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
important issue in industries and more work on sampling is
required to least the error in sampling.
19
8.0 REFERENCE:
1) Practical applications of sampling theory by Pentti Minkkinen ,Department of Chemical Technology,
Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
Received 1 August 2003; received in revised form 1 January 2004; accepted 12 March 2004
Available online 28 July 2004
2) Sampling-Helper: un outil internet pour qualifier la Représentativité de stratégies d’échantillonnage
enréseaux d’assainissement et milieux récepteurs
Rossi L, Rumley L, Ort C*, Minkkinen P** , Barry DA, Chèvre N***
3) Sampling Errors and Control of Assay Data
Quality in Exploration and Mining Geology
Marat Abzalov 37 Belmont Avenue, Belmont, WA6104
Australia
4) Part 1: Understanding the components
of the fundamental sampling error: a
key to good sampling practice
by R.C.A. Minnitt*, P.M. Rice† and C. Spangenberg§
5) A Critique of Gy’s Sampling Theory Dihalu, D.S. Geelhoed, B.
MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED
INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD
6)The most common error in applying ‘Gy’s Formula’ in the theory of mineral
sampling, and the history of the liberation factor
by D. François-Bongarçon* and P. Gy†
1
20

More Related Content

What's hot

Basics of openpit mining
Basics of openpit miningBasics of openpit mining
Basics of openpit miningSATYANARAYANA I
 
Mining Methods
Mining MethodsMining Methods
Mining MethodsVR M
 
Underground mining methods
Underground mining methodsUnderground mining methods
Underground mining methodsTayyab Anwar
 
Western dharwar craton
Western dharwar cratonWestern dharwar craton
Western dharwar cratonPramoda Raj
 
Exploratory Drilling
Exploratory Drilling Exploratory Drilling
Exploratory Drilling BIT Sindri
 
The mineral reserves & reserves estimation using triangular methods
The mineral reserves & reserves estimation using triangular methods The mineral reserves & reserves estimation using triangular methods
The mineral reserves & reserves estimation using triangular methods Numan Hossain
 
Manganese deposits of india
Manganese deposits of indiaManganese deposits of india
Manganese deposits of indiaPramoda Raj
 
Geological ground prospecting method and indications
Geological ground prospecting method and indicationsGeological ground prospecting method and indications
Geological ground prospecting method and indicationsPramoda Raj
 
Ore deposits (contact metamorphism)
Ore deposits (contact metamorphism)Ore deposits (contact metamorphism)
Ore deposits (contact metamorphism)knowledge
 
13surface mining
13surface mining13surface mining
13surface miningArun Kumar
 
Mining terminology
Mining terminologyMining terminology
Mining terminologyGhulam Mehdi
 
ppt on summer training at hindustan copper limited
ppt on summer training at hindustan copper limitedppt on summer training at hindustan copper limited
ppt on summer training at hindustan copper limitedmahi bagriya
 
Design of Bord and Pillar method in coal mines
Design of Bord and Pillar method in coal minesDesign of Bord and Pillar method in coal mines
Design of Bord and Pillar method in coal minesaashutosh chhirolya
 
Vijay final project on HGML
Vijay final project on HGMLVijay final project on HGML
Vijay final project on HGMLVijay Chennam
 
Iron ore deposits of india
Iron ore deposits of  indiaIron ore deposits of  india
Iron ore deposits of indiaPramoda Raj
 
Economic geology - Sedimentary ore deposits
Economic geology - Sedimentary ore depositsEconomic geology - Sedimentary ore deposits
Economic geology - Sedimentary ore depositsAbdelMonem Soltan
 

What's hot (20)

Basics of openpit mining
Basics of openpit miningBasics of openpit mining
Basics of openpit mining
 
Sublevel stoping..Underground mining methods
Sublevel stoping..Underground mining methodsSublevel stoping..Underground mining methods
Sublevel stoping..Underground mining methods
 
Mining Methods
Mining MethodsMining Methods
Mining Methods
 
Underground mining methods
Underground mining methodsUnderground mining methods
Underground mining methods
 
Underground mine
Underground mineUnderground mine
Underground mine
 
Western dharwar craton
Western dharwar cratonWestern dharwar craton
Western dharwar craton
 
Exploratory Drilling
Exploratory Drilling Exploratory Drilling
Exploratory Drilling
 
The mineral reserves & reserves estimation using triangular methods
The mineral reserves & reserves estimation using triangular methods The mineral reserves & reserves estimation using triangular methods
The mineral reserves & reserves estimation using triangular methods
 
Manganese deposits of india
Manganese deposits of indiaManganese deposits of india
Manganese deposits of india
 
Geological ground prospecting method and indications
Geological ground prospecting method and indicationsGeological ground prospecting method and indications
Geological ground prospecting method and indications
 
Ore deposits (contact metamorphism)
Ore deposits (contact metamorphism)Ore deposits (contact metamorphism)
Ore deposits (contact metamorphism)
 
13surface mining
13surface mining13surface mining
13surface mining
 
Mining terminology
Mining terminologyMining terminology
Mining terminology
 
ppt on summer training at hindustan copper limited
ppt on summer training at hindustan copper limitedppt on summer training at hindustan copper limited
ppt on summer training at hindustan copper limited
 
Design of Bord and Pillar method in coal mines
Design of Bord and Pillar method in coal minesDesign of Bord and Pillar method in coal mines
Design of Bord and Pillar method in coal mines
 
Vijay final project on HGML
Vijay final project on HGMLVijay final project on HGML
Vijay final project on HGML
 
Iron ore deposits of india
Iron ore deposits of  indiaIron ore deposits of  india
Iron ore deposits of india
 
Intrusion in jharia
Intrusion in jhariaIntrusion in jharia
Intrusion in jharia
 
Longwall mining
Longwall miningLongwall mining
Longwall mining
 
Economic geology - Sedimentary ore deposits
Economic geology - Sedimentary ore depositsEconomic geology - Sedimentary ore deposits
Economic geology - Sedimentary ore deposits
 

Viewers also liked

HINDUSTHAN COPPER LIMITED SUMMER TRAINING PPT
HINDUSTHAN COPPER LIMITED SUMMER TRAINING PPTHINDUSTHAN COPPER LIMITED SUMMER TRAINING PPT
HINDUSTHAN COPPER LIMITED SUMMER TRAINING PPTnaveen jangir
 
Presentation on HCL.....
Presentation on HCL.....Presentation on HCL.....
Presentation on HCL.....Mukesh Latwal
 
BHEL Haridwar Summer Training
BHEL Haridwar Summer TrainingBHEL Haridwar Summer Training
BHEL Haridwar Summer TrainingArun Gupta
 
HCL Corporate Presentation April 2011
HCL Corporate Presentation  April 2011HCL Corporate Presentation  April 2011
HCL Corporate Presentation April 2011Semalytix
 
HR policies in HCL by monika ndim
HR policies in HCL by monika ndimHR policies in HCL by monika ndim
HR policies in HCL by monika ndimMonika S
 
Hindustan Unilever Limited Marketing Strategies
Hindustan Unilever Limited Marketing StrategiesHindustan Unilever Limited Marketing Strategies
Hindustan Unilever Limited Marketing StrategiesKoushik Dutta
 
kota super thermal Power station training report
kota super thermal Power station training reportkota super thermal Power station training report
kota super thermal Power station training reportEr. Aman Agrawal
 

Viewers also liked (8)

HINDUSTHAN COPPER LIMITED SUMMER TRAINING PPT
HINDUSTHAN COPPER LIMITED SUMMER TRAINING PPTHINDUSTHAN COPPER LIMITED SUMMER TRAINING PPT
HINDUSTHAN COPPER LIMITED SUMMER TRAINING PPT
 
Presentation on HCL.....
Presentation on HCL.....Presentation on HCL.....
Presentation on HCL.....
 
BHEL Haridwar Summer Training
BHEL Haridwar Summer TrainingBHEL Haridwar Summer Training
BHEL Haridwar Summer Training
 
HCL Corporate Presentation April 2011
HCL Corporate Presentation  April 2011HCL Corporate Presentation  April 2011
HCL Corporate Presentation April 2011
 
HR policies in HCL by monika ndim
HR policies in HCL by monika ndimHR policies in HCL by monika ndim
HR policies in HCL by monika ndim
 
Hcl
HclHcl
Hcl
 
Hindustan Unilever Limited Marketing Strategies
Hindustan Unilever Limited Marketing StrategiesHindustan Unilever Limited Marketing Strategies
Hindustan Unilever Limited Marketing Strategies
 
kota super thermal Power station training report
kota super thermal Power station training reportkota super thermal Power station training report
kota super thermal Power station training report
 

Similar to Vacational training at hindustan copper limited

PROJECT REPORT TATA STEEL- Rahul
PROJECT REPORT TATA STEEL- RahulPROJECT REPORT TATA STEEL- Rahul
PROJECT REPORT TATA STEEL- RahulRahul Singh
 
0601063 study on finanance department
0601063 study on finanance department0601063 study on finanance department
0601063 study on finanance departmentSupa Buoy
 
Internship Report-13BME0177
Internship Report-13BME0177Internship Report-13BME0177
Internship Report-13BME0177Ashutosh Khushu
 
Seminar on iron ore beneficiation in india
Seminar on iron ore beneficiation in indiaSeminar on iron ore beneficiation in india
Seminar on iron ore beneficiation in indiaAnkit Panda
 
Ppt on hcl copper by Er. anup soni(9602069144)
Ppt on hcl copper by Er. anup soni(9602069144)Ppt on hcl copper by Er. anup soni(9602069144)
Ppt on hcl copper by Er. anup soni(9602069144)Anup Soni
 
Gold mining project 2016
Gold mining project 2016Gold mining project 2016
Gold mining project 2016Evita Lee
 
Gold mining methods used today
Gold mining methods used todayGold mining methods used today
Gold mining methods used todayEvita Lee
 
Nil Waste Process Evolution for a Low Grade Limestone
Nil Waste Process Evolution for a Low Grade LimestoneNil Waste Process Evolution for a Low Grade Limestone
Nil Waste Process Evolution for a Low Grade LimestoneIRJET Journal
 
OCL INDIA LIMITED, RAJGANGPUR
OCL INDIA LIMITED, RAJGANGPUROCL INDIA LIMITED, RAJGANGPUR
OCL INDIA LIMITED, RAJGANGPURSudhanshu Shekhar
 
AN METALLURGICAL VIEW AT IREL,OSCOM
AN METALLURGICAL VIEW AT IREL,OSCOMAN METALLURGICAL VIEW AT IREL,OSCOM
AN METALLURGICAL VIEW AT IREL,OSCOMgiet,gunupur
 
Coal production and washing in india
Coal production and washing in india Coal production and washing in india
Coal production and washing in india INDRANEELA1
 
Cement Processing Report
Cement Processing ReportCement Processing Report
Cement Processing ReportMuhammad Ahmed
 
Hindustan zinc report
Hindustan zinc reportHindustan zinc report
Hindustan zinc reportDilip kumar
 
dokumen.tips_hindustan-zinc-report (1).pdf
dokumen.tips_hindustan-zinc-report (1).pdfdokumen.tips_hindustan-zinc-report (1).pdf
dokumen.tips_hindustan-zinc-report (1).pdfKhushhalKhinchi1
 
“ENHANCING COAL MIDDLING LIBERATION THROUGH PRE-TREATMENT METHODS”
“ENHANCING COAL MIDDLING LIBERATION THROUGH PRE-TREATMENT METHODS”“ENHANCING COAL MIDDLING LIBERATION THROUGH PRE-TREATMENT METHODS”
“ENHANCING COAL MIDDLING LIBERATION THROUGH PRE-TREATMENT METHODS”Rahul Singh
 
Rohin Goyal REPORT
Rohin Goyal REPORTRohin Goyal REPORT
Rohin Goyal REPORTrohin goyal
 
ORIENTATION FINAL REPORT
ORIENTATION FINAL REPORTORIENTATION FINAL REPORT
ORIENTATION FINAL REPORTAkash Agrawal
 
RSMML training report
RSMML  training report RSMML  training report
RSMML training report ujjawalnagda
 
training and excursion
training and excursiontraining and excursion
training and excursionravi8492
 

Similar to Vacational training at hindustan copper limited (20)

PROJECT REPORT TATA STEEL- Rahul
PROJECT REPORT TATA STEEL- RahulPROJECT REPORT TATA STEEL- Rahul
PROJECT REPORT TATA STEEL- Rahul
 
0601063 study on finanance department
0601063 study on finanance department0601063 study on finanance department
0601063 study on finanance department
 
Internship Report-13BME0177
Internship Report-13BME0177Internship Report-13BME0177
Internship Report-13BME0177
 
Seminar on iron ore beneficiation in india
Seminar on iron ore beneficiation in indiaSeminar on iron ore beneficiation in india
Seminar on iron ore beneficiation in india
 
Fk3410041018
Fk3410041018Fk3410041018
Fk3410041018
 
Ppt on hcl copper by Er. anup soni(9602069144)
Ppt on hcl copper by Er. anup soni(9602069144)Ppt on hcl copper by Er. anup soni(9602069144)
Ppt on hcl copper by Er. anup soni(9602069144)
 
Gold mining project 2016
Gold mining project 2016Gold mining project 2016
Gold mining project 2016
 
Gold mining methods used today
Gold mining methods used todayGold mining methods used today
Gold mining methods used today
 
Nil Waste Process Evolution for a Low Grade Limestone
Nil Waste Process Evolution for a Low Grade LimestoneNil Waste Process Evolution for a Low Grade Limestone
Nil Waste Process Evolution for a Low Grade Limestone
 
OCL INDIA LIMITED, RAJGANGPUR
OCL INDIA LIMITED, RAJGANGPUROCL INDIA LIMITED, RAJGANGPUR
OCL INDIA LIMITED, RAJGANGPUR
 
AN METALLURGICAL VIEW AT IREL,OSCOM
AN METALLURGICAL VIEW AT IREL,OSCOMAN METALLURGICAL VIEW AT IREL,OSCOM
AN METALLURGICAL VIEW AT IREL,OSCOM
 
Coal production and washing in india
Coal production and washing in india Coal production and washing in india
Coal production and washing in india
 
Cement Processing Report
Cement Processing ReportCement Processing Report
Cement Processing Report
 
Hindustan zinc report
Hindustan zinc reportHindustan zinc report
Hindustan zinc report
 
dokumen.tips_hindustan-zinc-report (1).pdf
dokumen.tips_hindustan-zinc-report (1).pdfdokumen.tips_hindustan-zinc-report (1).pdf
dokumen.tips_hindustan-zinc-report (1).pdf
 
“ENHANCING COAL MIDDLING LIBERATION THROUGH PRE-TREATMENT METHODS”
“ENHANCING COAL MIDDLING LIBERATION THROUGH PRE-TREATMENT METHODS”“ENHANCING COAL MIDDLING LIBERATION THROUGH PRE-TREATMENT METHODS”
“ENHANCING COAL MIDDLING LIBERATION THROUGH PRE-TREATMENT METHODS”
 
Rohin Goyal REPORT
Rohin Goyal REPORTRohin Goyal REPORT
Rohin Goyal REPORT
 
ORIENTATION FINAL REPORT
ORIENTATION FINAL REPORTORIENTATION FINAL REPORT
ORIENTATION FINAL REPORT
 
RSMML training report
RSMML  training report RSMML  training report
RSMML training report
 
training and excursion
training and excursiontraining and excursion
training and excursion
 

Vacational training at hindustan copper limited

  • 1. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED MALANJKHAND VACATIONAL TRAINING IN MINERAL PROCESSING FIELD Training Incharge-: By:- Mr.Sree Kumar RAHUL SINGH (2012JE1320) AGM (Mines) DEEPAK KUMAR (2012JE1347) GOVIND KUMAR (2012JE1346) ANIKET SINGH (2011JE1073) LOKESH KU. MEENA (2010JE0008) ASHISH TUNDELKAR (2011JE0551) SHASHANT KUMAR (2011JE1099) FUEL AND MINERAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES DHANBAD
  • 2. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I wish to acknowledge the Hindustan copper limited for giving the opportunity to conduct this Vacational training. I am grateful to the support of Hindustan copper limited for the training. I wish to acknowledge the support of Mr.Sree Kumar (AGM,Mines) for this training. I wish to acknowledge the support of Mr.P.K Singh I wish to acknowledge S.S.Patil (DGM,Conc.) for his special support to complete this training. I wish to acknowledge the support of S.R.Gaur (AGM, Conc.)to complete this training. I wish to acknowledge the support of Sh.Ajay Giri (CM, Conc.) and Sh.Kumarswamy (CM, Conc.) I wish to acknowledge the support of Kunal ku. Rajak , Sumit Sinha, Ranvijay Singh, Vishal ku.Mishra I wish to give special thanks to Shubharaj ( Junior Manager ) I acknowledge the wonderful support of individuals numerous to mention by name-they allowed us uninhibited access to their database for the success of the this training. 1
  • 3. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD SUMMARY This Vacational training report mainly deals with the - experience gain during the training period in malanjkahand copper project. Hindustan copper limited has location operating units –one in Rajasthan(Khetri copper complex),one in Madhya Pradesh (Malanjkhand copper project ) ,one in Jharkhand (Indian copper complex).Malanjkhand copper project has capacity of 2 million ton per annum with a grade % of 0.9 – 1. This report deals with the production of plant ,equipment used to extract ore ,its type ,grade of ore, primary crusher and its reduction ratio ,secondary and tertiary crusher and their reduction ratio .Main process unit consist of milling of ore ,flotation ,cleaner ,recleaner ,thickner ,filter .In Hindustan copper project only mining and benefication has been done ,the final product is transported to ,INDIAN COPPER COMPLEX ,Ghatsla (Jharkhand) for smelting ,refining precious metal recovery. 2
  • 4. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD CONTENTS 1.0 CHAPTER ONE 1.1 About Hindustan copper limited. 1.2 About Malanjkhand copper project. 1.3 Process description. 2.0 CHAPTER TWO- PRIMARY UNIT 2.1 Primary Crusher 2.2 Capacity ,Reduction ratio 2.3 Conveyor System 2.4 Motor and Gearbox specification 2.5Apron Feeder 2.6 Lubrication System 2.7 Safety devices and Gamma ray indicator 3.0 CHAPTER THREE –SECONARY UNIT 3.1 Secondary crusher 3.2 Tertiary crusher 3.3 Capacity ,Reduction ratio 3.4 Conveyor system. 3.5 Screen and surge bins 3.6 Lubrication system 3.7 Overall view of secondary unit. 3
  • 5. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 4 CHAPTER FOUR- MAIN PROCESS UNIT 4.1 Fine ore bin ,Capacity ,Reduction ratio 4.2 Ball mill and its specification 4.3 Addition of reagent 4.4 Flotation cells 4.5 Cleaner and recleaner 4.6 Thickner and filter 5.0 CONCLUSION 6.0 REFERENCE 4
  • 6. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 1.0 CHAPTER ONE - 1.1 ABOUT HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED Hindustan copper limited (HCL) enterprise under the administrative control of the Ministry of Mines, was incorporated on 9th November 1967 under the Companies Act ,1956. It was established as a Govt. of India enterprises to take over all plant, projects, schemes and studies pertaining to the exploration and exploitation of copper deposits ,including smelting and refining from National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd. It is the only company in India engaged in mining of copper ore and owns all the operating mining lease of copper ore and also the only integrated producer of refined copper (vertically integrated company ). Major activites of HCL includes mining, ore beneficiation, smelting, refining and casting of refined copper metal into downstream products. HCL is a listed company on BSE and NSE, with 94.01% equity owned by Govn. of India .HCL has multi-location operating units Following are locations-: PLANT LOCATION FACILITIES Khetri Copper Complex Khetrinagar, Rajasthan Mining ,Ore beneficiation ,Smelting(not in use), Refining (not in use) Indian Copper Complex Ghatsila, Jharkhand Mining ,Ore beneficiation ,Smelting ,Refining, Precious metal recovery Malanjkhand Copper Project Malanjkhand, Madhya Pradesh Mining ,Ore beneficiation Taloja Copper Project Taloja, Maharashtra Continuous cast Copper rod plant
  • 7. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD Present Capacities of HCL’s Mines and Smelter are given below: 1 )Mines Mines Location Ore capacity (lakh tonnes per annum) Khetri Copper Complex Rajasthan 14.00 Malanjkhand Copper Project Madhya Pradesh 20.00 Indian Copper Complex ,Jharkhand 4.00 Total- 38.00 lakh tonnes per annum 2)Smelter Plant Location Metal capacity (tonnes per annum) Khetri Copper Complex Rajasthan 31,000 Indian Copper Complex Jharkand 20,500 Total - 51,500 tonnes per annum
  • 8. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 3)Wire Rod Plant Location of plant Location Capacity(tonnes per annum ) Taloja Copper Project Maharashtra 60,000 4) Geological Reserves: Malanjkhand Copper Project : 331.59 million MT @ 1.05 % Cu Khetri Copper Complex : 94.87 million MT @1.30%Cu Indian Copper Complex : 196.85 million MT @1.06%Cu Total :623.31 million MT@ 1.05% Cu On Going Project-: No Mine Location Capacity Current After Expansion 1 Malanjkhand Mines- Development of Underground mine under existing open cast Malanjkhand ,M.P 2.0 5.2 (Undergro und) 2 Khetri Mines Expansion of existing Underground mine Khetri, Rajasthan 0.5 1.0
  • 9. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 3 Kolihan Mine- Expansion of existing underground mine Khetri, Rajasthan 0.5 1.5 4 Surda Mine – Expansion of existing Underground Mine Ghatsila, Jharkand 0.4 0.9 5 Rakha Mines –Re- opening of closed Underground Mine Ghatsila, Jharkand Nil 1.5 6 Kendadh Mine- Re- opening of Underground Mine Ghatsila, Jharkand Nil 0.21 7 Banwas Mine – Development of new underground mine Khetri, Rajasthan Nil 0.6 8 Chapri-Sideshwar- Development of new underground mine Ghatsila, Jharkand Nil 1.5 Total 3.4 12.41
  • 10. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 1.2 MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT  Malanjkhand Copper Project was established in 1982.  The Ore of Malanjkhand open pit mines have - 1)90% Chalcopyrites 2) 10% (Oxides and Sulphide ores)  The life of Open pit mine is 32 years .  It has 250(Approx) million tones copper ore deposits.  52 (Approx.) million tones of the ore has been extracted till now.  198(Approx.) million ton is still remaining .  Overall plant capacity is 2.0 million tonnes per annum. Sulphide ore are of three types depending on the percentage of Copper present in it , they are  0.95%-above—high grade ore ,  0.45-0.9%-- low grade ore  0.2-0.44%--lean grade ore 1.3 PROCESS DESCRIPTION  Run of mine ore of size (-) 1200 mm is crushed in three stage to (-) 12 mm. The crushing complex consists of one primary gyratory crusher (1350x1900 mm), one secondary cone crusher (2200 mm) 7’ standard head, three tertiary cone crusher (2200 mm) short head and four Nos. vibrating screen and associated conveyor network, apron feeders and belt feeders.  1.2 Primary crushed ore passes through a double deck vibrating screen (8ft. x 20 ft.) before its entry to secondary crusher. For tertiary crushing three nos. vibrating screens (8ft. x 20 ft.) are used in closed circuit along with three tertiary crushers.  1.3 The under size from screen which is the feed for grinding mills is transported by conveyors and stored in the parabolic fine ore bin
  • 11. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD of capacity 10,000 MT. Ore is withdrawn from this bin with the help of belt feeders and fed to the ball mills.  Single stage wet grinding is done with the help of four nos. ball mills each of size 3810x5791 mm, operating in close circuit with 660 mm hydro cyclones. Mills are over flow type and lined with replaceable rubber liners. CI grinding media of 80 mm dia is charged inside the mills for grinding of ore.  1.5 Hydro cyclone over flow (35-40% -200 mesh) is subjected to four stage flotation in rougher, scavenger, cleaner and recleaner (all 300 cft. Cells). The recleaner concentrate (final concentrate)is pumped to 25 meter dia thickener and the scavenger tails (final tail) gravitates into tailing pulp tank.  1.6 Thickened concentrate from the thickener is pumped to two nos. of disc filters 2.7 meter dia. The dewatered filter cake from disc filter having 10 to 12% moisture is conveyed into the concentrate storage yard. Water from the thickener over flow is recycled back in the process circuit.  Final tails is pumped through rubber lined pipes to tailing disposal area about 2.4 Kms away from the plant.Hydro cyclones are used for embankment build up along the periphery of the tailing dam. Tailing dam having capacity to 88 million tonnes of solids is at the end of final stage of operation. The settled water at the tailing dam is recycled back to the plant for use in process
  • 12. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD M.C.P CONCENTRATE PLANT (6000 TPD )
  • 13. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 2.0 CHAPTER TWO-PRIMARY UNIT 2.1 PRIMARY CRUSHER Primary Gyratory crusher are designed for first stage crushing of ferrous and non-ferrous ores. They are generally installed in the first stage of technological crushing scheme.  Gyratory type crusher.  Model No-: PGC 1350 (HEC- Heavy Engg. Corporation ,Ranchi)  Width of feed opening -:1350 mm  Width of discharge opening-:165mm  Capacity- :870 MTPH at 150mm setting  Oscillation of Crusher head -: 2-4 rpm on no load  Motor drive-360kw  Motor speed – 591 rpm  V- Belt – (E-9093) Before starting the crusher, check the following and make sure that they are in satisfactory condition.  Check the oil level in the settler ;it should not be below 1.2  Check the tension of V belts; all the belts should be tight.  Check the crushers crushing chamber; there should be no material in it.  Check the grease lubricating system for its proper functioning.  Start any one of the oil pump and observe the delivery line oil pressure to be not less than 1.0kg/cm2 and not more than 2.0kg/cm2 .  Wait for 5-10 min, so that oil circulation stabilishes.  Check the drain pipe oil temp. ,it should be below 600 C.  Check the drain pipe oil temp. from counter shaft , it should be below 600 C.
  • 14. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD  Check the oil pressure before and after the filter; the difference should not be more than 0.3kg/cm2 .  If the oil temp. is more than 60-650 C pass the oil through the heat exchanger and observe that , water inlet pressure is less by 0.3kg/cm2 to the oil outlet pressure.  Start the crusher main drive .  Observe for any knocking or abnormal sound from the crusher ,there should be no such abnormal sound .  Count the number of rotation of the crusher with the ore Fig 1. OPEN SECTION OF GYRATORY CRUSHER SHOWING CRUSHER HEAD
  • 15. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 2.2 CAPACITY, REDUCTION RATIO  Capacity-870 TPH  Feed size-1200mm (max.)  Product size-140mm (max.)  Reduction Ratio = 8.52(approx..) FLOW CHART -1200mm -140 mm FLOW DIAGRAM SHOWING EACH LEVEL OF PRIMARY UNIT TOP LEVEL 4TH FLOOR 3RD FLOOR 2ND FLOOR 1ST FLOOR GROUND LEVEL PRIMARY CRUSHER (870 TPH) GYRATORY CRUSHER GYRATORY CRUSHER FEEDING LEVEL INTERMEDIATE LEVEL (CRUSHING ZONE) DICHARGE LEVEL HOPPER ( GAMMA RAY INDIACTOR ) LUBRICATION SYSTEM APROON FEEDER CONVEYOR SYSTEM
  • 16. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 2.3 CONVEYOR SYSTEM Used for transportation of feed (secondary ) from apron feeder discharge to coarse ore store(COS) for convience to carry it to secondary unit. Following are the important section of conveyor system -:  Idlers  Belt  Pulley Arrangement  Pull cord 2.3.1>IDLERS  Pictorial view of carrying Idlers
  • 17. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD  Used to support the belt.  To protect the belt.  Used in carrying the belt. .1 TYPES OF IDLERS a) Carrying Idlers – Carry the belt b) Return Idlers – Help in returning the belt c) Impact Idlers- Protect belt from wear and tear d) Adjustment Idlers e) Self Alignment Idlers f) Side Idlers. .2 IDLER SPECIAFICATION  Number of Carrying Idlers-(199-10%)*3=540  Number of Return Idlers-(199/2)=100  Gab b/w two carrying idlers = 1000mm  Gab b/w two Return idlers =2000mm 2.3.2>BELT  Length of belt -398m  Commonly named as primary belt  Width of belt -1400mm  Nylon is used to give strength and flexibility  Thickness of belt is 24mm  Notation –M24 NYLON PLY RUBBER PLY RUBBER PLY
  • 18. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD SYSTEMATIC VIEW SHOWING DIFFERENT SECTION OF BELT 2.3.3>PULLEY ARRANGEMENT Total no. of pulley in primary conveyor-12 SYSTEMATIC PULLEY ARRANGEMENT OF PRIMARY CONVEYOR 8 (2 )HEAD PULLLEY HEAD SCUP PULLEY (3) 4 5 7 6 HEAD BEND PULLEY (9) TAIL PULLEY (1) TAIL SCUP PULLEY (12) TAKE UP PULLEY (10) TAIL BEND PULLEY (11) 8
  • 19. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 2.3.4> PULL CORD Used to stop conveyor belt in Emergency Condition such as over loading,breakdown of belt etc. 2.4 MOTOR AND GEAR BOX MOTOR There are basically two motor attached to pulley No. 6 and 8 M1- PULLEY 6 M2-PULLEY 8 150 hp 150 hp 1485 rpm 1485rpm 188A 186A V-415V V-415V Frequency- 50 Hz Frequency- 50 Hz Mgf. By- SIEMENS (GERMANY)  GEAR BOX ELECON Mgf. SERIAL NO-WHG33992LH TYPE-SCN-355 SPEEED RATIO- 45:1 ELECON ENGINEERING CO. LTD
  • 20. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD  FLUID COUPLING  Used to reduce Energy  To safe motor during the condition of high load  Act as best energy saver 2.5 APROON FEEDER Crushed product from the primary crusher and coarse ore stock pile are received by apron feeders with whole speed drive through hoppers and then transferred to conveyor. SPECIFICATION-: APROON FEEDER AT PGC APROON FEEDER AT COS Size-:1219*9000mm 1219*9000mm Capacity-:200-1000 MTPH 200-530 MTPH Motor-:37 kw 22.5 kw MOTOR M1 FLUID COUPLING C1 GEAR BOX G1 PULLEY 6 MOTOR M2 FLUID COUPLING C2 GEAR BOX G2 PULLEY 8
  • 21. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD Before starting the Apron Feeder, check the following and make sure that they are in satisfactory condition.  Check all the bolts and nuts of all units and see that they are all tight.  Lubricate where it is necessary.  Check for the pressure of any big boulder being jammed in the hopper or on the apron feeder, Remove it .  Tighten screw take on just enough to ensure a smooth transition of pan line on the first return roller .  Check bearings temperature , it should be within 35-550 C, After making sure about the above points, see that the conveyor to which the apron feeder is feeding is running .  Now, start the apron chain drive ,and feed. SYSTEMATIC VIEW OF APRON FEEDER ARRANGEMENTS TRACK ROLLER TRACK CHAIN MOTION RECEIEVING CHUTE TRETURN ROLLER PRODUCTTAILING
  • 22. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 2.6 LUBRICATION SYSTEM  For Eccentric Motion , shaft counter ,Bend gear .  Servo-system 526 of IDC  125 lt/min ( circulation volume)  For crusher head suspension and mantle  Servo Gem-2 of IOC (grease)  Once in 16 hrs NAME OF THE UNIT NO. OF UNI T NO. OF POIN T PER UNIT TYPE OF SYSTEM RECOMME NDED GRADE OF LUBRICAN T VOLU ME OF LUBRI CANT INTER VAL OF LUBRI CANT ECCENTRIC 1 1 Circulati ng Servo- System 526 0F IDC 125 l/min. Contin ous BEND GEAR TRANSMISS 1 1 Circulati ng Servo- System 526 0F IDC 125 l/min Contin ous COUNTER SHAFT BUSHING Circulati ng Servo- System 526 0F IDC 125 l/min Contin ous TOP SUSPENSION OF CRUSHING HEAD AND MANTLE 1 1 Centrali sed Grease ServoGem- 2 of IOC 1000 cc Once in 16 hrs DUST SEAL RING 1 1 Centrali sed Grease ServoGem- 2 of IOC Once in 16 hrs ANTIFRICTIO N BRG. OF DRIVE 1 4 Centrali sed Grease ServoGem- 2 of IOC 2.5cc Once in 08 hrs
  • 23. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 2.7 SAFETY DEVICE AND GAMMA RAY INDICATOR 2.7.1 SAFETY DEVICE  For crusher safety  Electromagnet  Metal detector ELECTROMAGNET It is used to attract the metallic material which show magnetic property to avoid choking, damaging the inner shell of secondary crusher . METAL DETECTOR It is used to detect those material / metal which donot show metallic property to avoid choking, damaging the inner shell of secondary crusher .
  • 24. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD  For Emergency safety issue  Pull cord 2.7.2 GAMMMA RAY INDICATOR When the product from discharge level from crusher increased in hopper and the level where gamma ray indicator installed crosses, then hopper level increased above it, the receiver installed at the other end does not receive the beam from the indicator at that time ,then alarm startas  Used to avoid choking of hopper .  Used to avoid breakage of oil pump.  Safe crusher from wear and tear. FEED SYSTEMATIC VIEW OF HOPPER SHOWING GAMMA RAY INDICATOR GAMMA RAY INICATOR RECIEVER
  • 25. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 3.0 CHAPTER 3- SECONDARY UNIT 3.1 SECONDARY CRUSHER Secondary cone crusher are designed for second stage crushing of ferrous and non-ferrous ores. They are generally installed in the second stage of technological crushing scheme  Type of crusher:-Cone crusher (Standard head)  Width of feed opening- 350mm  Recommended max. Feed size- 300mm  Closed side setting- 30 to 60 mm  Capacity at minimum recommended setting- 550 TPH  Direct coupled with motor with coupling pad- Hydraulic setting arrangement.  Lubricant used - Servo system 121  Motor- 250 KW/65.5A/493RPM/3.3kv -140mm -40mm Belt 1 Secondary crusher Secondary crusher BELT 5 SECONDARY CONE CRUSHER(Standard head)
  • 26. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD Before starting the crusher, check the following and make sure that they are in satisfactory condition  Check the oil level in settler Tank- it should be more than 2/3 cm. above the suction pipe.  Start the oil pump.  Check the oil filter inlet and outlet pressure. The difference between the two should be u8nder 0.3Kg/cm2. If it is more than that, rotate the filter. If there is no improvement then the filter has to be cleaned.  Check the temp. of oil inside the tank. It should be below 50 0C. If it is more than that, the heat exchanger to be taken into circuit.  Heat exchanger water pressure to be left preferably below the oil pressure to avoid mixing of water into oil through any leakages.  Oil pressure should be 0.4 to 2 Kg/cm2.  Temp. of oil leaving the crusher should be below 60 0C.  Check the coupling pad & bolts.  Start crusher motor.  Check the crushing head RPM it should be below 10.  Check if there is any abnormal sound or vibration.  Open hydraulic seal water until the clear water comes out from the outlet. Quantity of Hydraulic seal water should be within 36 to 45 Lit/Min.  Start feeding.
  • 27. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 3.2 TERTIAY CRUSHER Tertiary cone crusher are designed for third stage crushing of ferrous and non-ferrous ores. They are generally installed in the third stage of technological crushing scheme.  Type of crusher- Cone crusher (Short head)  Size: 7’  Capacity: 400 MTPH  Motor: 262.5KW/61.5A/985RPM/3.3KV/Induction  V-belt driver: V-belt size-E8470; E-330  Hydraulic setting arrangement.  Lubricant used- Servo system SP 17  Water flow rate through heat Exchanger (cooler) automatically controlled. -40mm -12mm Before starting the crusher, check the following and make sure that they are in satisfactory condition  Check oil level in the settler tank. It should be at the intermediate position in between low & high makings.  Start the oil pump.  Check the differential pressure gauge. It should show less than 25 PSI. Higher differential pressure indicate clogging of filter. TERTIARY CONE CRUSHER
  • 28. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD  Check the oil temp. Entering cooler. It should be above 60 0F.  Check the oil temp. Leaving cooler. It must be less than 115 0F.  Open the inspection cover of the settling tank & check the oil drain line from the crusher. Inside the tank to ensure that the is circulating. Normally oil flowing out of the drain line should be of sufficient as to half fill the pipe.  Oil pressure after cooler should be within the range of 5-15 PSI.  Oil temp leaving the crusher should be less than 120 0F.  Stop the crusher if the temp of oil leaving the crusher reaches 130 0F.  Temp difference in between the oil entering the crusher & leaving the crusher should in between 1 &3 0F. if the temp difference is more than 5 0F crusher should be check for any fault.  Check the V-belt tension of the crusher.  Start the crusher motor.  Check the RPM of crushing head & motor current.  Check if there is any abnormal sound or vibrations.  Open the Hydraulic seal water & wait till the clear water comes out from the out-let.  Start feeding.
  • 29. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 3.3 CAPACITY, REDUCTION RATIO  Capacity  Secondary crusher-584TPH  Tertiary crusher-360 TPH  Reduction Ratio  Secondary crusher-3.5  Tertiary crusher-3.33 3.4 CONVEYOR SYSTEM Used for transportation of feed (secondary ) from apron feeder at coarse ore store(COS) for convience to carry to secondary unit 3.4.1 BELT AND THEIR NOTATION BELT NO. LENTH (m) WIDTH(m) THICKNESS(m) 1 380 1200 24 2 265 1400 24 3 32 1400 24 4 280 1400 24 5 270 1200 24 6 140 1200 24
  • 30. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD  BELT 1 Used to carry feed from COS to secondary crusher  BELT 2 Used to carry Crushed product from secondary and tertiary crusher to conveyor belt 3 SECONDARY CRUSHER BELT 3
  • 31. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD  BELT 3 Used in transferring belt 2 product to belt 4  BELT 4 Carry (-40mm) feed from belt 3 to surge bin S1,S2,S3 S1 S2 S3
  • 32. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD  BELT 5 Carry the -12mm product from screening to FOB (fine ore bin) 3.5 SCREEN AND SURGE BIN 3.5.1 SCREEN  Double Deck Screen- 8ft X 20ft  Panel size(mm):-  Upper Deck: 40 x 40 – 10 nos.  Lower Deck: - 12 x 20 – 6 nos.  Single Deck Screen- 8ft X 20ft  Panel size(mm):- 12 x 20 – 6 nos. 15 x 20 – 4 nos. 3.5.2 SURGE BIN  There are three surge bin named as S1, S2, S3.
  • 33. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 3.6 LUBRICATION SYSTEM  Servo system SP17  Heat Exchanger  T1-Serial no-11070, 2.4 kg/cm2 (0-6)  T2- pressure (1-2) kg/cm2 (0-4) LUBRICATION CONSISTS OF 4 MOTOR SYSTEM  M1 and M2 are working  M3 –Stand by  M4- Purifier 3.7 MOTOR SPECIAFICATION EQUIPMENT TYPE NOTATIO N KW/HP PHAS E VOLT( V) TYPE RPM TERTIARY CRUSHER MT1 250 3 3300 TEEP AK 492 TERTIARY CRUSHER MT2 375 3 3300 SYMO NS 993 TERTIARY CRUSHER MT3 250 3 3300 HEC 492 LUBRICANT PUMP ML1 5.5 - 415+- 10% - 1440 PURIPIER PUMP MP1 5.5 - 415+- 10% - 1430
  • 34. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 4.0 CHAPTER FOUR-MAIN PROCESS UNIT 4.1 FOB(FINE ORE BIN ) CAPACITY ,REDUCTION RATIO  FOB acts like store in which feed materials (-12mm) of mill are store from where it is fed into mill through different conveyors arrangements.  Capacity -10,000MT  Reduction Ratio- 4.2 BALL MILL Ball mill receive the crushed fine ore ( - 12mm ) and grind it wet to the mesh-of-grind i.e. ,60% -200 mesh. Fine ore and water are fed at one end and the milled product is discharged at the other end. Steel balls are use as grinding media  Ball Mill Size - 5791 x 3810 mm  Drive Motor - 1200 KW  Speed of the mill - 15.1 RPM  Type of mill - overflow  Feed rate - 1515 TPD / 60 TPH  Pulp density in the mill - 75% solids by weight
  • 35. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD Before the starting the ball mill check the following and make sure that they are in satisfactory condition  Check the oil level of the main bearings, Check the oil wipers, light contact with the bearing.  Check the temp. & grease of pinion & drive shaft pillow blocks. It should not be very hot.  Check the oil spray system to the girth gear. Be sure that it operate properly and check that there is lubricant in the container. Air pressure require for spray is 6 Kg/cm2.  Open the water cooling valves and adjust it to satisfactory flow rate (20 Gal. / Min.)  Start the reducer box oil pump and make sure that oil is circulating.  Start the Hydraulic lift, at the trunnion bearings, observe the pressure gauge. The pressure increases and then drops a little.  Inform the ground-ore pump area operator and start the main- drive of the mill.  Observe that the mill starts smoothly.  Check the oil distribution in the trunnion bearing.  Start feeding the fine ore and water. Adjust these two to required values.
  • 36. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD PROCESS FLOW CIRCUIT OF GRINDING UNIT- 4.3 FLOATATION CELL Flotation cells are used to separate out the copper sulphide particles as a forth containing these minerals, leaving the pulp depleted of it. There are several stages of flotation operation SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF FLOTATION CELL
  • 37. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD  ROUGHER & SCAVENGER The aim of this stage is to float all the copper sulphide particles and leaving a trailing which contains as less copper as is possible  Copper % in Rougher cell – 7 %  Copper % in scavenger cell – 15% DETAILS  Cell Type & Size - 300 CFT double-overflow flotation cells.  No. of cells - 4 rows of 12 cells each, the first 7 are rougher  & second 5 are scavenger  Drive Motor - 30 HP, 1000 RPM  V-belt used - C – 168 fenner.  Forth paddle drive - ¾ H.P. 28 RPM  Addition of Xanthate in Mill feed to increase conditioning time.  Diversion of Concentrate of first Scavenger Cell as Rougher Concentrate to avoid recirculation.  Removal of old and inefficient recleaner cell (Fagergren cell) of 60 ft3 by efficient and bigger 300 ft 3 cell (Denver D-R cell).  Diversion of highly floatable minerals (high kinetic minerals) from the first rougher cell concentrate directly to the thickener. This procedure is adhered when the head grade that is being treated is more than 1.0%Cu.
  • 38. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 4.4 ADDITION OF REAGENT  LIME: - Is added in the mill feed in order to maintain the desired pH (8.5-9.5)  PINE OIL: - Is added in the flotation cells and it helps in better froth formation  SODIUM ISOPROPYL XANTHATE:-Is added in the flotation cells and it acts as a collector for copper ore minerals. 4.5 CLEANER AND RECLEANER This stage aims at producing a concentrate of definite copper content.  Copper % in cleaner cell – 17 %  Copper % in recliner cell – 20 % DETAILS  No. of cells - 4 rows contain 1 cleaning cell each, and 1 for Recliner  Drive motor - 15 KW 1470 RPM  V-belt used - B-120
  • 39. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD  Froth paddle drive - 0.75KW 35 RPM 4.7 THICKNER AND FILTER 4.6.1 THICKNER  MAKERS : THE EI CO-K.C.P LTD MADRAS  SIZE OF THE UNIT : 83’0” SWD  TYPE : ‘C’ with C 54 DRIVE, CLDT0 C 54 LIFT having 2shaft and long arms  Direction of rotation: clockwise  RPM 0.1  Drive unit: moter 1 no, HP-3, RPM-1440  Lifting device: 610mm lift,motor 1 no., HP-1.5  Purpose of the thickener mechanism: 17500kgs.  To thickener the dilute concentratc product before sending to ceramic filter
  • 40. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 4.0 CONCLUSION Malanjkhand copper project is a growing project which is to be expanded in few year . The copper grade is still not good ,it is about 0 .95% which is very costly ,but recently many changes has to done in MCP such as changing of filter ,earlier it was Disc filter but changed to ceramic vaccum fliter (China filter).One other hand thickner is also going to be changed to High rate thickner ,by doing such changes time reduce .Their is work going on in planning of underground mine in MCP hence the project will be expanded to large extent. We are very thankful to Research and Development department of MCP as they guided us pretty well. Earlier we were having theoritical knowledge of crushers and other equipments used in metal processing but now undergoing training in prestigious company help us enhancing our concepts theoretically as well as practically .To a student this plant is a good place to gain expirence in industry .
  • 41. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 5.0 REFERENCE  Research and development department of MCP.  Ajay Giri (CM,Conc.)  Kunal ku. Rajak, Sumit Sinha, Ranvijay Singh .  Shubharaj ( Ju.Manager)
  • 42. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD Figure 3: Illustration of the flow chart used in the Web application to generate the global estimation error (GEE).
  • 43. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 12 5.0 FUNDAMENTAL SAMPLING ERROR MODEL Fundamental sampling error depends on the number of critical particles in the sample .For solides, powders and particulate materials, especially at low concentration of critical particles the fundamental error can be very large 5.1 Application of Gy;s fundamental sampling error Eqn for designing sample preparation procedures: If the material to be sampled contain particle of different shape and size, it is difficult to estimate the number of critical particles in the samples. Gy’s formula for relative variance of the fundamental sampling error - ( Relative standard deviation of the fundamental sampling error (FSE) Where = absolute standard deviation (in concentration units) ; =average concentration of the lot; d=characteristic particle size = 95% limit of the size distribution; MS=sample size; ML=lot size; and C is the sampling constant that depends on the properties of the material sampled. C is the product of four parameters: where f is the shape factor (fig 4)
  • 44. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD Shape factor-:Shape factor is the ratio of the volume of the sampled particles having the characteristic dimension d to the volume of the cube having the same dimension 13 Fig. 4. Estimation of particle shape factor and liberation factor for unliberated and liberated critical particles. L is the particle size of the critical particles. g= size distribution factor - g=0.25 ,wide –size distribution -g=1, uniform particle size c is the constitution factor and can be estimated by using Eq. Here aL= av. Concentration of lot = concentration of the analyte in the critical particle
  • 45. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD = critical particle density = diluent particle density 14 6.0 ACCURACY OF GY’S FORMULA FOR THE FUNDAMENTAL SAMPLING ERROR -: Gy ‘s TOS consists of the prediction ,estimation or minimization of the variance of the “fundamental sampling error” denoted by Var (FSE). -: Var (FSE0 is regarded as the relative variance of the sampling error that is obtained under through mixing of the population . -: Var(FSE0 is Gy’s TOS is considered to be minimum possible variance for incomplete or partial mixing . -: When population is not thorpoughly mixed ,Gy;s TOS prescribes that an additional relative variance components Var (GSE)( variance in grouping and segregation error ) must be added besides Var (FSE) to get the variance of the total sampling error (TSE) Var (TSE)=Var(FSE)+ Var(GSE) + additional variance component . Fundamental sampling error eq. (FSE Eq.) V= the sampling variance
  • 46. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD f= bruntan shape factor g= size factor l=liberation factor c=mineralogical composition factor D=Nominal size Msample =Mass of sample 15 6.1 Most common error in applying Gy’s formula in the theory of mineral sampling and the history of the liberation factor. a)Error in calculation of liberation factor-: Taking an example of gold mines ,since the gold inthis case is almost pulverized down to a nominal size of 40 microns to nominal size of 1.5 cm liberation factor (l)=( 0.004/1.5)0.5=0.052 this value is input for formula Table 1.showng error in calculation .
  • 47. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD Fig.5 Sampling nomograms 16 While investigating problem ,a author discovered exact source of thses formula difficulties ,(FRANCOIS-BONGARCON ,1991-1998) SFSE = Sampling relative variance MS=Sampling Mass ML=lot mass f = 0.5 (approx.) g= 0.25(approx.) c=mineralogical factor d=nominal size l= liberation factor when ML>>MS , formula becomes SFSE2= fgcld3/MS -:Gy’s proposed experimental model of variation of l with dl and d l=(dl/d)0.5
  • 48. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD -:Another model for the liberation factor l=(dl/d)b ,b= additional parameter; gold (b=1.5) 6.2 CONSEQUENCE OF AN ERRONEOUS MODEL FOR l EXAMPLE 1- CALCULTION OF A MINIMUN SAMLE MASS SOLUTION- Given that dl=1.27cm, a grade of I ppm Au (10-6) density =19.3 g/cm3, f=0.5 ,g=0.25 d=10 microns for gold,SFSE2=0.01 (10%) SFSE2= fgcld3/MS = 0.5*0.25*c*(dl/d)0.5d3/MS =0.5*0.25*c*dl0.5d2.5/MS =0.5*0.25*19.3/10-0.6*(10-3)0.5*(1.27)2.5/MS MS=13.9 *106 grams/13.9 tonnes 17 Which is not possible ,the gold is very fine and it is well known by experiment that sample of few k are all it takes to get an acceptable reproducibility. EXAMPLE 2-; CALCULATION OF GOLD LIBERATION SIZE. SOLUTION -: 10% standard deviation , MS=15 kg , SFSE=0.10,d=1.27 ,density=19.3 g/cm3 f=0.5 liberation factor =0.25 SFSE2=fgcld3/MS l=(dl/d)0.5, l= SFSE2*MS/fgcd3 dl= 3.9 *10-9= 0.39 A0, which is absurd result. Hence from experimental evidence ,it is proved that Gy’s formula is inaccurate
  • 49. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 18 7.0 CONCLUSION From the report it is cleared that Gy’s sampling theory still not adopted as accurate one .As we saw that the formula given by Gy’s totally consists of assumption and factor used did not give better result and also from the experimental data shown ,it is cleared that the formula for calculating fundamental sampling error is inaccurate .Number of process control, product uality control for consumer safety and environmental control are being carried out with the help of sampling theory developed by Pierre Gy. Examining and designing sampling procedures normally decreases the probability of error in sampling, sampling equipment should be correct, sampling procedures should be examined by trained person in regular interval .Hence at last it is concluded that sampling is
  • 50. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD important issue in industries and more work on sampling is required to least the error in sampling. 19 8.0 REFERENCE: 1) Practical applications of sampling theory by Pentti Minkkinen ,Department of Chemical Technology, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland Received 1 August 2003; received in revised form 1 January 2004; accepted 12 March 2004 Available online 28 July 2004 2) Sampling-Helper: un outil internet pour qualifier la Représentativité de stratégies d’échantillonnage enréseaux d’assainissement et milieux récepteurs Rossi L, Rumley L, Ort C*, Minkkinen P** , Barry DA, Chèvre N*** 3) Sampling Errors and Control of Assay Data Quality in Exploration and Mining Geology Marat Abzalov 37 Belmont Avenue, Belmont, WA6104 Australia 4) Part 1: Understanding the components of the fundamental sampling error: a key to good sampling practice by R.C.A. Minnitt*, P.M. Rice† and C. Spangenberg§ 5) A Critique of Gy’s Sampling Theory Dihalu, D.S. Geelhoed, B.
  • 51. MALANJKHAND COPPER PROJECT, HINDUSTAN COPPER LIMITED INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES, DHANBAD 6)The most common error in applying ‘Gy’s Formula’ in the theory of mineral sampling, and the history of the liberation factor by D. François-Bongarçon* and P. Gy† 1 20