Nicolas Delaforge: Modeling the Web resource, extracting the context: stakes for digital memory.

Modéliser la ressource web, contextualiser la référence : des enjeux pour le patrimoine numérique
Modeling the Web Resource, extracting thecontext :
Stakes for the digital memory
Philoweb’10
nicolas.delaforge@inria.fr
Equipe Edelweiss – INRIA Sophia Antipolis

Motivating scenario
Bookmark overload
Everyday usage of bookmarks isboring
The Bookmark model hasn’tchangedsince Netscape
The Bookmark referenceisinaccurate
BM isverydifficult to reuse out of the browser
Yet, Bookmarking system is one of the main way to access WWW (after Google of course...)

Motivating scenario
What are people doing online ??
Looking for information
Tutorials, Wikipedia…
RSS, Google alerts
Producing information
Communicating about themselves
Doing some social activity
Twitter, Facebook, Blogs, Forums,…
Checking news about web sites or topics of interest
Business Intelligence
Using online applications or services
Webmail, Google docs
e-commerce, e-banking, e-administration
Intranet
Different activities,
Different objects,
but a single tool to organize all.

Is that all wecan do?

Motivating scenario
Why is this technology so poor ?
Why is it so difficult to design orientation tools ?
Web User Point of View

Possible part of the answer
Once again…the technique is in advance over theory
The Web has evolved really fast
This evolution was mainly technology-driven
Lack of definitions
Mainly technical definitions are available
Questions to be answered :
What is a Web site ?
What is a Web page ?
What is behind a Web reference ?
Is the Web made of digital documents or is it a big soup of web resources?

Observation #1
Web resources are :
- growing
- heterogenous

IPv6 : Adresses multiplication
667 x 1015 IP adresses per mm2

Internet of Things

QR Codes

Semantic Web
The Web of Data

RDF : IdentityCrisis
Information Resource
vs.
Non Information Resource
HTTP code 303
Source : H. Halpin, V. Presutti

URI : W3C Best Practices
Linking Open Data (LOD)
Content Negociation(Conneg)
Source : W3C, http://www.w3.org/TR/cooluris/

April 2008
May 2007
September 2008
Linking Open Data
March 2009

Linking Open Data
September 2010

How to avoid
disorientation ?
http://www.dbpedia.org/doc/EiffelTower
http://www.dbpedia.org/id/EiffelTower
dbpedia://resource/EiffelTower

Observation #2
Web referenceisunreliable

HTTP 404Page not found
No Web without
the 404 error code.

DynamicWeb sites
First instability cause :
A (potential) content generationateveryrequest

DynamicWeb sites
Second instability cause :
client scripts executionduring the reading.

ResidentEvil
« Pour être sûr que je demeure fidèle à ma résolution de ne pas accepter comme vrai rien qui ne soit pas absolument certain, j’assumerai délibérément qu’un démon tout-puissant est continuellement en train de me tromper au sujet de l’existence du monde physique, incluant même mon propre corps. »
Méditations Métaphysiques, Descartes

Proof by Example
Capturing a web site homepage
« Le Monde »

11th October
12th October

Observation #3
Documentation initiatives & Tools

PrivateLibraries

Web Archiving
French LegalDeposit
IIPC
Wayback Machine…
Petabox – Wayback Machine

Social Bookmarking

Social Tagging

Content syndication

Scrapping
Zotero
Wozaik

Cartography

Observation #4
The Web native
documentation model
isinsufficient.
What do werefer ?

Page based model
Homepage
How to refer a web site
as a whole?

Looks like a document but…
Excel
URL
HTML Source Code
Google Docs
Is it?

HTML5 + Javascript new API
Web pages are becoming Web applications
Future of the web :
an open repository of Web applications ?
Yes this is
a Web page !

Hypothesis

Building a Conceptual Framework
Assertions
Modeling the Web objects and their references will help to design orientation solutions
Reference types can only be defined from a user point of view

Web Page
Whatitis :
A Web re-presentation (of a resource state)
An Information Medium
+
An IteractionDevice
Whatitis not :
A Memory extension (TertiaryRetention) *
A Document
*thispropertyconfers a great communication reactivity (data stream ?)

Web spaces
The Web is made of severallayers
P : Pages availablethrough HTTP.
S : Web services availablethrough HTTP
D : Data availablethrough HTTP

Web spaces
* exclusive

Webmark : Enhanced Bookmark
Webmark, aims
To redesign the management of the references
To analyse the intentionnality of the marking
To exploit the context of the marking
To propose dedicated services accordingto the kind of the marking.

Intentionnality of the Marking
Identified kinds of marking
Content mark
interest for the content of the resource
Location mark
Interest for a place, a community
Application mark
Alias to favorite online applications
Interest Mark
The famous “I like it” or FOAF interest
Composition Mark
A service to be used later in a process

Let’splay
Whatkind of
referenceisit ?

Thankyou for
your attention

Questions ?

Nicolas Delaforge: Modeling the Web resource, extracting the context: stakes for digital memory.

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