Activities Section 1

Team Activities A team activity involves several people working together to achieve the end result. A team may only have two people in it as in badminton doubles or many people as in rugby Football Hockey

A team activity involves several people working together to achieve the end result.

A team may only have two people in it as in badminton doubles or many people as in rugby

Football Hockey

Team Activity Basketball

Basketball

Individual Activities This is one person playing against another so that they are on their own trying to win the game. An individual activity may also involve one person totally alone as in Golf. Badminton Table tennis

This is one person playing against another so that they are on their own trying to win the game.

An individual activity may also involve one person totally alone as in Golf.

Badminton Table tennis

Individual Activity Athletics

Athletics

Task Many team mates 2-team mates Team Activity “ On my own” Totally alone Individual Activity

Competitive Activity A competitive activity activity involves two or more people involved in a contest which each is trying to win. Individual and team games can be competitive. Task page 8

A competitive activity activity involves two or more people involved in a contest which each is trying to win.

Individual and team games can be competitive.

Task page 8

Directly Competitive If an activity is directly competitive your actions will have a direct effect on what your opponent is doing. If you play a variety of shots in Badminton your opponent will have to move to return them and create space for a winning shot.

If an activity is directly competitive your actions will have a direct effect on what your opponent is doing.

If you play a variety of shots in Badminton your opponent will have to move to return them and create space for a winning shot.

Indirectly Competitive If an activity is indirectly competitive your performance will have no direct effect on your opponents performance.

If an activity is indirectly competitive your performance will have no direct effect on your opponents performance.

Non-Competitive Activities Activities which are non-competitive are done for either enjoyment, fitness or a sense of achievement. There is no winner in these as there is no contest.

Activities which are non-competitive are done for either enjoyment, fitness or a sense of achievement.

There is no winner in these as there is no contest.

Task Give 3 examples of non-competitive activities.

Give 3 examples of non-competitive activities.

Roles For all activities people are required to take different roles. A role is a part that the person plays in the activity (e.g Judge, Referee, Coach).

For all activities people are required to take different roles.

A role is a part that the person plays in the activity (e.g Judge, Referee, Coach).

Player This is the person that takes part in the activity.

This is the person that takes part in the activity.

Official These are the people who are responsible for the activity taking place within the rules. Makes sure that the score is kept accurately. There are many different officials. e.g Referee Time Keeper Judge Starter

These are the people who are responsible for the activity taking place within the rules.

Makes sure that the score is kept accurately.

There are many different officials.

e.g Referee Time Keeper

Judge Starter

Task Description of Job Activity Official

Coach This is the person that works on the skill level. Works out the tactics for the activity.

This is the person that works on the skill level.

Works out the tactics for the activity.

Supporter In some activities it is useful to have someone who is able to hold you in position whilst you practice a skill. e.g Learning a Handstand.

In some activities it is useful to have someone who is able to hold you in position whilst you practice a skill.

e.g Learning a Handstand.

Helper Supporting is not the only way to help someone. You may also feed the ball or shuttle to a partner to help them practice a skill. Or use a check list about their performance.

Supporting is not the only way to help someone.

You may also feed the ball or shuttle to a partner to help them practice a skill.

Or use a check list about their performance.

Team Mate Sometimes when practising you may work with someone of the same team to practice a skill or tactic.

Sometimes when practising you may work with someone of the same team to practice a skill or tactic.

Opponent In some situations you are required to act as an opponent so that the skill can be practiced in a game like situation.

In some situations you are required to act as an opponent so that the skill can be practiced in a game like situation.

Equipment The equipment can have an effect on how you perform. e.g Football boots Spikes in Athletics All in one body suits in Swimming

The equipment can have an effect on how you perform.

e.g Football boots

Spikes in Athletics

All in one body suits in Swimming

Equipment can also prevent you from performing well. Poor soles on your trainers may affect your movement when wanting to change direction in a hurry. e.g Moving back to the ready position in Badminton.

Equipment can also prevent you from performing well. Poor soles on your trainers may affect your movement when wanting to change direction in a hurry.

e.g Moving back to the ready position in Badminton.

Task Choose an activity where equipment helped your performance and explain how this happened. Activity_______________________ Equipment____________________ How it helped_________________

Choose an activity where equipment helped your performance and explain how this happened.

Activity_______________________

Equipment____________________

How it helped_________________

Safety Equipment Certain equipment is used to ensure the safety of the performers. Sometimes equipment is compulsory. e.g Shin Guards in Football.

Certain equipment is used to ensure the safety of the performers.

Sometimes equipment is compulsory.

e.g Shin Guards in Football.

Task Choose two activities and name the piece of equipment that is used for safety. Activity_______________________ Equipment___________________

Choose two activities and name the piece of equipment that is used for safety.

Activity_______________________

Equipment___________________

Rules There are two different types of rules which affect the performance of the activity.

There are two different types of rules which affect the performance of the activity.

Formal Rules These are the rules laid down by the governing body for the activity. e.g You must serve diagonally in badminton and it must land over short service line. In hockey you must always use flat side of stick to hit the ball.

These are the rules laid down by the governing body for the activity.

e.g You must serve diagonally in badminton and it must land over short service line.

In hockey you must always use flat side of stick to hit the ball.

Unwritten Rules These are rules that are not in the rule book and tend to relate to your conduct and behaviour of an activity. E.g Arrive on time. Accept decisions. No swearing. Shake hands.

These are rules that are not in the rule book and tend to relate to your conduct and behaviour of an activity.

E.g Arrive on time.

Accept decisions.

No swearing.

Shake hands.

Safety Many rules ensure the safety of participants. e.g In Rugby, a player cannot be tackled around the neck. No two footed challenges in football. Keep hockey stick below shoulder height.

Many rules ensure the safety of participants.

e.g In Rugby, a player cannot be tackled around the neck.

No two footed challenges in football.

Keep hockey stick below shoulder height.

Skills Because of the rules you sometimes have to learn a new skill. e.g Reverse stick in Hockey: this is used because you are not allowed to play the ball with the round side of the stick.

Because of the rules you sometimes have to learn a new skill.

e.g Reverse stick in Hockey: this is used because you are not allowed to play the ball with the round side of the stick.

Restrictions Some rules restrict the amount of movement allowed in the activity. e.g Basketball – You cannot take more than two steps while holding the ball.

Some rules restrict the amount of movement allowed in the activity.

e.g Basketball – You cannot take more than two steps while holding the ball.

Task Name one activity and a rule. Say how this rule restricts movement. Activity____________________ Rule________________________ How the rule restricts movement__________________

Name one activity and a rule. Say how this rule restricts movement.

Activity____________________

Rule________________________

How the rule restricts movement__________________

Scoring The rules often decide how points are awarded or goals scored. For Example: Football – The ball must completely cross the goal line between the posts and under the cross bar to score.

The rules often decide how points are awarded or goals scored. For Example:

Football – The ball must completely cross the goal line between the posts and under the cross bar to score.

Lay out The rules of the activity may decide the size and shape of the area for the activity to take place. For Example: Athletics (hurdles) - There will be a set number of hurdles in a lane with a set distance between each.

The rules of the activity may decide the size and shape of the area for the activity to take place. For Example:

Athletics (hurdles) - There will be a set number of hurdles in a lane with a set distance between each.

Scoring Systems This is an example of objective scoring.There is no opinion involved.

This is an example of objective scoring.There is no opinion involved.

This is an example of subjective scoring. The opinion of the Judges is involved here.

This is an example of subjective scoring. The opinion of the Judges is involved here.

Scoring Measurement The result of an activity can be measured in many different ways. The following can all be used to measure the result of an activity.

The result of an activity can be measured in many different ways.

The following can all be used to measure the result of an activity.

Distance Goals Time Height Subjective Points Objective Points Runs Strokes Weight

Distance

Goals

Time

Height

Subjective Points

Objective Points

Runs

Strokes

Weight

Tactics/Strategies If you are competing you are aiming to win. To win you need to make the best use of your strengths and identify and exploit your opponents weaknesses. A Tactic is a specific way of carrying out a particular strategy to try and win a game.

If you are competing you are aiming to win.

To win you need to make the best use of your strengths and identify and exploit your opponents weaknesses.

A Tactic is a specific way of carrying out a particular strategy to try and win a game.

Often the competitors have a “game plan” worked out before the activity begins. This can be adapted at any time to cope with what is happening in the activity. Here are some tactics that can be employed.

Often the competitors have a “game plan” worked out before the activity begins.

This can be adapted at any time to cope with what is happening in the activity.

Here are some tactics that can be employed.

In badminton one player tries to move their opponent out of position to create room to play an attacking shot. In cycling, a cyclist may tuck in behind another to protect themselves from the wind, and therefore save energy.

In badminton one player tries to move their opponent out of position to create room to play an attacking shot.

In cycling, a cyclist may tuck in behind another to protect themselves from the wind, and therefore save energy.

See p17 of your folder for more examples. Name an activity which you have taken part in and describe the tactics you used to win the activity.

See p17 of your folder for more examples.

Name an activity which you have taken part in and describe the tactics you used to win the activity.

Body Type Not every body is the same shape. Each person is a mixture of Endomorphy(how round the body is) Mesomorphy(how muscular the body is) Ectomorphy(How lean the body is).

Not every body is the same shape.

Each person is a mixture of

Endomorphy(how round the body is)

Mesomorphy(how muscular the body is)

Ectomorphy(How lean the body is).

Body Types High Jump

High Jump

Body Types Sumo Wrestling

Sumo Wrestling

Body Types Football

Football

Physical Qualities The physical qualities a person has will have an effect on the activities they take part in. Physical qualities include: Height Strength Shape Agility Good Eye Sight

The physical qualities a person has will have an effect on the activities they take part in.

Physical qualities include:

Height Strength

Shape Agility

Good Eye Sight

These qualities will also have an effect on the roles people take. e.g A Referee needs good eyesight.

These qualities will also have an effect on the roles people take.

e.g A Referee needs good eyesight.

Task Gymnastics High Jumper Judge in javelin competition Rugby Physical Quality Activity/Role

Personal Qualities These are the qualities which are not able to be seen by looking at a person. However, they make the person who they are and have an effect on their performance in any given activity.

These are the qualities which are not able to be seen by looking at a person.

However, they make the person who they are and have an effect on their performance in any given activity.

Personal Qualities Determination Motivation Leadership Concentration Consideration Fairness

Determination Motivation

Leadership Concentration

Consideration Fairness

Task Captain of a hockey team Marathon runner having a bad race Gymnast learning a new skill Spotter at a trampette Personal Quality Activity/Role

Adapting Activities It is not always possible for young children to take part in the adult version of an activity. Sometimes the activities need to be adapted to allow children to take part successfully. These adaptations can take many forms.

It is not always possible for young children to take part in the adult version of an activity.

Sometimes the activities need to be adapted to allow children to take part successfully.

These adaptations can take many forms.

Playing Area May be too large and may need to be made smaller so that the child can reach shots and will not get too tired trying to play on a full size area.

May be too large and may need to be made smaller so that the child can reach shots and will not get too tired trying to play on a full size area.

Equipment May be too big or too heavy and smaller, lighter equipment can be used to allow the child to take part.

May be too big or too heavy and smaller, lighter equipment can be used to allow the child to take part.

Rules These may be too complex for children to understand. Only the basic rules may be used to allow the child to take part.

These may be too complex for children to understand. Only the basic rules may be used to allow the child to take part.

Scoring System May be complicated and a simplified system may be used with children.

May be complicated and a simplified system may be used with children.

Time Time allocated to an activity may be too long for a child and a shorter time may be played.

Time allocated to an activity may be too long for a child and a shorter time may be played.

Number of Players A smaller number can be used so that the child gets more touches to allow them to practice the skills in a game situation.

A smaller number can be used so that the child gets more touches to allow them to practice the skills in a game situation.

CONGRATULATIONS MOVE ONTO SECTION 2 THE BODY IN ACTION.