2. Language Learning Strategies are
“Specific actions taken by the
learner to make learning easier,
faster, more enjoyable, more self-
directed, more effective, and
more transferrable to new
situations." (Oxford, 1990, p. 8).
3.
4.
5. A) DIRECT STRATEGIES
I. Memory
•A. Creating mental linkages
•B. Applying images and
sounds
•C. Reviewing well
•D. Employing action
6. A) DIRECT STRATEGIES
II. Cognitive
•A. Practicing
•B. Receiving and sending
messages strategies
•C. Analyzing and reasoning
•D. Creating structure for input
and output
7. A) DIRECT STRATEGIES
III. Compensation strategies
•A. Guessing intelligently
•B. Overcoming limitations in
speaking and writing
8. B) INDIRECT STRATEGIES
I. Metacognitive Strategies
•A. Centering your learning
•B. Arranging and planning
your learning
•C. Evaluating your learning
9. B) INDIRECT STRATEGIES
II. Affective Strategies
•A. Lowering your anxiety
•B. Encouraging yourself
•C. Taking your emotional
temperature
10. B) INDIRECT STRATEGIES
III. Social Strategies
•A. Asking questions
•B. Cooperating with others
•C. Empathizing with others
