iPhone Development Tools

iPhone Development Tools Ing. Omar Caﬁni http://www.omarcaﬁni.info www.mitapp.com

Development Tools • Xcode: the IDE that includes source code editor, tools, documentation and the frontend for the compiler i.e. with Xcode you can enter, build and debug your application. • Interface Builder: an editor program for dragging controls into your applications's views and editing them visually • Cocoa Touch: a framework of code for you to use. Cocoa Touch contains controls and other useful stuff for your iPhone applications www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode IDE • Developing with Xcode is all about keeping you focused. Simply click the green Build and Go button to start the build, debug, and test cycle. Build errors are displayed within your source code as Message Bubbles. Once your project is built, the debugger bar appears in the editor window, and hovering your mouse reveals variable values as Data Tips. • If you are developing for iPhone, Xcode automatically installs your application on the device and attaches the debugger over USB. Throughout, Xcode keeps your code front and center. [Source: Apple Dev Tools] www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: main window overview www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: main window Groups & Files of project • Manage Files (creating Groups) • Add/Delete Frameworks • Add/Delete Classes (with wizard) • View Breakpoints • Error & Warning list • etc... www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: main window Details, Find & Build log • List of Files (selecting Groups) • Find in project • Build details (Warnings, Errors) • Etc... www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: main window • Editing Code files • Add Breackpoints • Simply navigation between files & classes • Etc... Detail View Status Bar www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcafini.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: main window • Groups & Files list. Provides an outline view of your project’ contents. You can move files and folders around and organize your project contents in this list. The current selection in the Groups & Files list controls the contents displayed in the detail view. • Detail view. Shows the item or items selected in the Groups & Files list. You can browse your project’s contents in the detail view, search them using the search field, or sort them according to column. The detail view helps you rapidly find and access your project’s contents. • Toolbar. Provides quick access to the most common Xcode commands. • Favorites bar. Lets you store and quickly return to commonly accessed locations in your project. The favorites bar is not displayed by default. To display the favorites bar, choose View > Layout > Show Favorites Bar. • Status bar. Displays status messages for the project. During an operation—such as building or indexing—Xcode displays a progress indicator in the status bar to show the progress of the current task. www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcafini.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Editing Code • Header-file lookup. By Command–double-clicking a symbol, you can view the header file that declares the symbol. • API reference lookup. By Option–double-clicking a symbol, you get access to API reference that provides information about the symbol’s usage. • Code completion. As you type code, you can have the editor help out by inserting text for you that completes the name of the symbol Xcode thinks you’re going to enter. Xcode does this in an unobtrusive and overridable manner. • Code folding. With code folding, you can collapse code that you’re not working on and display only the code that requires your attention. www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcafini.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Code Completion The text editor helps you type code faster with code completion. When code completion is active, Xcode uses both text you have typed and the context into which you have typed it to provide suggestions for completing the token it thinks you intend to type. Code completion is not active by default. To activate code completion: 1. Open the Xcode Preferences window.Choose Xcode > Preferences. 2. In the Code Completion section of the Code Sense pane, choose Immediate from the Automatically Suggest pop-up menu. 3. Click OK. www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Accessing Documentation During development, you may need fast access to reference for a particular symbol or high-level documentation about API usage or an iPhone OS technology. Xcode gives you easy access to such resources through the Research Assistant and the Documentation window. • The Research Assistant is a lightweight window, shown in ﬁgure, that provides a condensed view of the API reference for the selected item, without taking your focus away from the editor in which the item is located. This window provides an unobtrusive way to consult API reference. However, when you need to dig deeper into the reference, the Documentation window is just a click away. www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Accessing Documentation • The Documentation window lets you browse and search the developer documentation (which includes API reference, guides, and articles about particular tools or technologies) installed on your computer. It provides access to a wider and more detailed view of the documentation than the Research Assistant, for the times when you need additional help. Searching Field Select O.S. List of simbols Details • Description • Code Examples • Etc... www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: main window • DEMO (10-15’): Main Window overview Manage Files (Creating Groups) Code Completion (Fn+F5) GoToHelp (ALT + doubleClick) GoToDeﬁnition (cmd + doubleClick) www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: new project (wizard) Templates • Navigation-Based Application • OpenGL ES Application • TabBar,View-Based Application • Etc... www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: new project (wizard) The iPhone SDK provides several project templates to get you up and running developing your application. You can choose from these types of application: ■ Navigation-Based Application. An application that presents data hierarchically, using multiple screens. The Contacts application is an example of a navigation-based application. ■ OpenGL ES Application. An application that uses an OpenGL ES–based view to present images or animation. ■ Tab Bar Application. An application that presents a radio interface that lets the user choose from several screens. The Clock application is an example of a tab bar application. ■ Utility Application. An application that implements a main view and lets the user access a ﬂipside view to perform simple customizations. The Stocks application is an example of a utility application. ■ View-Based Application. An application that uses a single view to implement its user interface. ■ Window-Based Application. This template serves as a starting point for any application, containing an application delegate and a window. Use this template when you want to implement your own view hierarchy. www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: new file (wizard) Create .m and .h files Templates • UITableViewController and Cell • UIViewController and View • Etc... www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcafini.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: project settings Project Settings • Libraries path • Linker Options • Compiler Options • Etc... www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: Debug View Thread List Variable Values Code Console www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: the iPhone Simulator • Complete (almost) system to test your apps without HW. • Run, test, and debug your application locally on your Mac using a simulated iPhone. www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: the iPhone Simulator iPhone Simulator lets you simulate most of the actions a user performs on their device. When you’re running your application in iPhone Simulator, you can carry out these hardware interactions through the Hardware menu: ■ Rotate Left. Rotates the simulator to the left. ■ Rotate Right. Rotates the simulator the right. ■ Shake. Shakes the simulator. ■ Home. Takes the simulator to the Home screen. ■ Lock. Locks the simulator. ■ Simulate Memory Warning. Sends the frontmost application low- memory warnings. For information on how to handle low-memory situations, see “Observing Low-Memory Warnings” in iPhone Application Programming Guide. ■ Toggle In-Call Status Bar. Toggles the status bar between its normal state and its in-call state. The status bar is taller in its in-call state than in its normal state. This command shows you how your application’s user interface looks when the user launches your application while a phone call is in progress. www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: the iPhone Simulator www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: Activity Monitor RealTime Info Process running You can testing an application and monitoring in real time: Leak of memory, CPU Load, etc... www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Clang Static Analyzer Download http://clang-analyzer.llvm.org/ Command Line scan-build -k -V xcodebuild -conﬁguration Debug -sdk iphonesimulator2.2.1 Html output www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Clang Static Analyzer Leak detail: Html output www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: Organizer • Crash logs • Provisioning Proﬁles • Etc... www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Xcode: debugging • DEMO (10-15’): Insert a Breakpoint Build & Go Using the console Simulator Overview www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Interface Builder • Interface Builder makes it simple to prototype a full user interface without writing any code. Laying out windows, buttons, sliders, and other controls will create a fully-functioning Mac or iPhone user interface.You can then turn that prototype into a real application, keeping all the interface objects and adding features to them. Xcode works with Interface Builder in real time so you simply wire up the code you write in Xcode to the graphical controls within Interface Builder. • Changes to the user interface do not require you to recompile your code, and changes to your code do not require you to recompile the user interface. [Source: Apple Dev Tools] www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Interface Builder: overview Xib organizer Interface preview www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Interface Builder: the Inspector Attributes Connections Size Identity www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Interface Builder: the Library Controllers Data Views Inputs & Values Windows, Views & Bars Details View www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Interface Builder: linking objects mode #1 Select IBOutlets Click and hold CTRL key www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Interface Builder: linking objects mode #2 Select IBOutlets directly and Drag &Drop up to Button Select File’s Owner www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Interface Builder: overview • DEMO (10-15’): Create a simple interface Customize view and objects www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Controllers type TabBar Controller NavBar Controller ModalView Controller www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Controllers type • TabBar Controller www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Controllers type TabBar Item • TabBar Controller Image Item Badge Values www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Controllers type • NavBar Controller Customization example www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Controllers type • NavBar Controller www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Interface Builder: Application example NavBar Buttons Add Button Cell Search Button Toolbar Buttons Tab Bar www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Design Workﬂow Common: Alternative process : Iterate UI design with a graphic designer www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Interface Builder: working with Paper Graphic resources for Paper Ex: http://theresaneil.wordpress.com/2009/09/16/iphone3g-design-resources/ http://www.uistencils.com/ http://notepod.net/ www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Interface Builder: working with Photoshop Graphic resources for Photoshop Ex: http://www.teehanlax.com/blog/?p=1628 www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Interface Builder: working with OmniGraffle Graphic resources for OmniGraffle Ex: http://theresaneil.wordpress.com/2009/09/16/iphone3g-design-resources/ www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcafini.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

An application design evolution: Convert • Video (2’) Source: http://www.taptaptap.com/blog/convert-design-evolution/ www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Object Basics • Class: defines the grouping of data and code, the “type” of an object • Instance: a specific allocation of a class • Method: a “function” that an object knows how to perform • Instance Variable: a specific piece of data belonging to an object • Encapsulation: keep implementation private and separate from interface • Polymorphism: different objects, same interface • Inheritance: hierarchical organization, share code, customize or extend behaviors www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Object www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Behavior www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Message www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

State www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Outlets www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Target/Action www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Intro to ObjectiveC • You may use several programming languages when developing Cocoa software, but the essential, required language is Objective-C. • Objective-C is a superset of ANSI C that has been extended with certain syntactical and semantic features (derived from Smalltalk) to support object-oriented programming. • The few added conventions are simple and easy to learn and use. • Because Objective-C rests on a foundation of ANSI C, you can freely intermix straight C code with Objective-C code. • You can even mix C++ code with your Cocoa code and link them into the same executable. www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Dynamic Language • Almost everything is done at runtime • Uses dynamic typing, linking, and binding • This allows for greater flexibility • Minimizes RAM and CPU usage www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

ObjectiveC • C with some keywords to add classes –(i.e., @interface and @class) • Lots of square brackets. • You do not call a method. Instead you send a message to an object (i.e., dynamic runtime) • No memory management (reference counting) www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Objective C Methods • C# / Java –objInstance.methodName(param1, param2); • Objective-C (named parameters) –[objInstance methodName:param1 paramName:param2]; www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Memory management • Reference counting model –alloc sets count to 1. –retain increases count, release decreases. –autorelease adds object to the autorelease pool • Usually lasts the duration of the event being processed. www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

Properties • Syntatic sugar that enables “dot property” syntax. • Use @property in header file. • foo.bar = 10; OR [foo setBar:10]; • int var = foo.bar; OR int var = [foo bar]; www.mitapp.com http://www.omarcaﬁni.info http://twitter.com/MitAPP

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iPhone Development Tools

by Omar Cafini on Nov 08, 2009

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iPhone Development Tools — Presentation Transcript