This document discusses the difference between positive and normative statements. It provides examples of each: - Positive statements make claims that can be tested as true or false, like "the moon is made of green cheese." - Normative statements express value judgments or opinions that cannot be tested, like "the state pension should be cut in half because pensioners are parasites." The document emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between objective, fact-based positive statements and subjective normative statements when reading articles about current issues and policy decisions. Positive statements report facts while normative statements aim to persuade with value judgments.