4. FIRE CAUSES
ï‚¢ Use combustible materials in the building.
ï‚¢ Negligence in the use of electrical
appliances and damaged hardware
ï‚¢ Imperfect electrical wiring
ï‚¢ Negligence on the use of mosquito coils,
gas stove and fuel flammable.
9. PASSIVE FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM
ï‚¢ Definition - structural elements of the building
that is capable of performing his duties
without assistance / require assistance to
curb / restrict the spread of smoke into the
building during a fire.
ï‚¢ Types of Passive System :
1- Emergency exit
2- Compartmentation
3- Construction material
10. 1- ESCAPE ROUTE
ï‚¢ Permanent structures that allow occupants to
escape / fire escape to safety on their own
without any help.
ï‚¢ It is important to provide openings so that
smoke is displaced from the escape routes to
the outside air.
LOW RISE BUILDING
13. 2- COMPARTMENTATION
ï‚¢ The division / separation wall and floor in a
building, including roof box for multistoried
buildings / terrace.
ï‚¢ 2 methods : Vertical & Horizontal
ï‚¢ Purpose
a- to contain, control, reduce, restrict and delay
fire spreading, smoke and heat during a fire.
b- embankment to firefighters against fire
c- protection to building occupants during
rescue themselves
d- separate the high risk area
16. DISCUSSION 1
ï‚¢ Discuss the types of compartmentation that been
used for building by providing this matters :
1- Definition
2- Objective
3- Construction ( sketches is needed)
ï‚¢ Duration : 45 minutes
17. 3- CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
ï‚¢ WOOD - has a low thermal conductivity and
fire delay depends on the type of wood
 BRICK – low thermal conductivity ; almost
reach the level of fire proof
ï‚¢ CONCRETE - expanding at a rapid rate
between 400-500 º C ; it will collapse during
when comes to water
 STONE – good thermal insulation
ï‚¢ GLASS - are more resistant to fire if installed
wire mash
ï‚¢ BUILDING BOARD -fire resistance force
depends on the thickness & installation.